ABSTRACT
The scrotum is a rare site for metastases and represents less than 1% of the body's total surface area. Clinically, metastatic deposits in the scrotum can present in a variety of ways. They may appear as solitary cutaneous nodules, papules, plaques, or generalized induration or edema. Indeed, scrotum metastasis may be mistaken for other skin lesions since several dermatologic conditions can present with inflammation or dermatitis of the scrotum. Properly diagnosing cutaneous metastasis requires histopathological examination since the clinical appearances are, as described, highly variable and non-specific. We present a 63-year-old man with painless nodules on the scrotal skin. Excisional biopsy of the nodules revealed a metastasis from rectal squamous cell carcinoma. The incidence of this kind of tumors is estimated around 0.1-0.25â¯per 1000â¯colorectal neoplasms.
Subject(s)
Carcinoma, Squamous Cell/secondary , Genital Neoplasms, Male/secondary , Rectal Neoplasms/pathology , Scrotum/pathology , Skin Neoplasms/secondary , Humans , Male , Middle AgedABSTRACT
BACKGROUND: The presence of ulceration has been recognized as an adverse prognostic factor in primary cutaneous melanoma (PCM). OBJECTIVES: To investigate whether the extent of ulceration (EoU) predicts relapse-free survival (RFS) and overall survival (OS) in PCM. MATERIALS AND METHODS: We retrieved data for 477 patients with ulcerated PCM from databases of the Italian Melanoma Intergroup. Univariate and multivariable Cox proportional hazard models were used to assess the independent prognostic impact of EoU. RESULTS: A significant interaction emerged between Breslow thickness (BT) and EoU, considering both RFS (P < 0·0001) and OS (P = 0·0006). At multivariable analysis, a significant negative impact of EoU on RFS [hazard ratio (HR) (1-mm increase) 1·26, 95% confidence interval (CI) 1·08-1·48, P = 0·0047] and OS [HR (1-mm increase) 1·25, 95% CI 1·05-1·48, P = 0·0120] was found in patients with BT ≤ 2 mm, after adjusting for BT, age, tumour-infiltrating lymphocytes, sentinel lymph node status and mitotic rate. No impact of EoU was found in patients with 2·01-4 mm and > 4 mm BT. CONCLUSIONS: This study demonstrates that EoU has an independent prognostic impact in PCM and should be recorded as a required element in pathology reports.
