ABSTRACT
INTRODUCCIÓN: El cuestionario español VIDA valora actividades instrumentales de la vida diaria (AIVD) en mayores, con adecuada validez de contenido, constructo y fiabilidad. El objetivo era analizar su validez predictiva, en pacientes pluripatológicos ≥65 años sin dependencia severa/total en actividades básicas de la vida diaria (ABVD, índice de Barthel ≥60 puntos), considerando el cambio a este grado de dependencia severa/total, institucionalización o muerte a 8 y 18 meses de seguimiento. MATERIALES Y MÉTODOS: Estudio prospectivo de prueba diagnóstica. Se consideraron 197 pacientes (a 8 meses) y 185 pacientes (a 18 meses) incluidos en el programa de pluripatológicos según estratificación por Adjusted Clinical Groups (ACG) o cumpliendo criterios de Ollero, excluyendo institucionalizados, al final de la vida o en diálisis, con un índice de Barthel basal ≥60 puntos; se les pasó el cuestionario VIDA al inicio. Otras variables basales fueron: edad, sexo, índice de Charlson, número de medicamentos, índice de Lawton-Brody. El evento de resultado era pasar a un índice de Barthel <60, o institucionalización, o muerte en cada periodo. RESULTADOS: La mediana de edad fue de 81 años (RIC: 74,5-85); el 45,2% eran mujeres. A 8 meses, el mejor punto de corte del VIDA fue ≤31 puntos (sensibilidad [S]: 81,5% [IC95%: 61,2-93]; especificidad [E]: 58,2% [IC95%: 50,4-65,7]; VPP: 23,7%; VPN: 95,2%), ≤30 en mujeres, ≤34 en hombres; a 18 meses, fue ≤29 puntos (S: 61,4 [IC95%: 47,6-73,7]; E: 76,6 [IC95%: 68,1-83,4]; VPP: 53,9; VPN: 81,7). CONCLUSIONES: Se aportan puntos de corte, global y por sexo, para predecir el paso a dependencia severa/total en ABVD, o institucionalización o muerte en pacientes pluripatológicos. Parece mejor para detectar eventos a corto plazo y descartarlos a largo plazo
INTRODUCTION: The VIDA Spanish questionnaire assesses instrumental activities of daily living (IADL) in elderly people, and has shown to have adequate content, construct validity, and reliability. The objective was to analyse its predictive validity in patients with multiple morbidities aged ≥65 years without severe/total dependence in basic activities (BADL, Barthel index ≥60 points), by measuring any changes in this severe/total level of dependence, institutionalisation, or death at 8 and 18 months of follow-up. METHODS: A prospective study of a diagnostic test was conducted on 197 patients (8 months) and 185 (18 months) included in the multiple morbidities program according to stratification by Adjusted Clinical Groups (ACG) or by fulfilling the Ollero criteria. Patients that were institutionalised, at the end of life, or on dialysis, or with a baseline Barthel index ≥60 points were excluded. The VIDA questionnaire was applied at baseline. The other baseline variables included age, gender, Charlson index, number of drugs, and Lawton-Brody index. The outcome event was changing the Barthel index to <60, or institutionalisation, or death, in each follow-up period. RESULTS: The median age was 81 years (IQR 74.5-85), and 45.2% were women. At 8 months, the best cut-off point for VIDA was ≤31 points (Sensitivity [S] 81.5%, [95% CI; 61.2-93.0]; Specificity (Sp) 58.2% [95% CI; 50.4-65.7], PPV 23.7%; NPV 95.2%), ≤30 in women, ≤34 in men. And at 18 months, ≤29 points (S 61.4 [95% CI; 47.6-73.7]; Sp 76.6 [95% CI; 68.1-83.4]; PPV 53.9; NPV 81.7). CONCLUSIONS: Overall cut-off points are provided as well as those for gender, predicting severe/total BADL decline, or institutionalization or death in patients with multiple morbidities. It seems to detect short-term events better and rules them out in the long term
Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Female , Aged , Aged, 80 and over , Activities of Daily Living , Surveys and Questionnaires , Reproducibility of Results , Prospective Studies , InstitutionalizationABSTRACT
INTRODUCTION: The VIDA Spanish questionnaire assesses instrumental activities of daily living (IADL) in elderly people, and has shown to have adequate content, construct validity, and reliability. The objective was to analyse its predictive validity in patients with multiple morbidities aged ≥65 years without severe/total dependence in basic activities (BADL, Barthel index ≥60 points), by measuring any changes in this severe/total level of dependence, institutionalisation, or death at 8 and 18 months of follow-up. METHODS: A prospective study of a diagnostic test was conducted on 197 patients (8 months) and 185 (18 months) included in the multiple morbidities program according to stratification by Adjusted Clinical Groups (ACG) or by fulfilling the Ollero criteria. Patients that were institutionalised, at the end of life, or on dialysis, or with a baseline Barthel index ≥60 points were excluded. The VIDA questionnaire was applied at baseline. The other baseline variables included age, gender, Charlson index, number of drugs, and Lawton-Brody index. The outcome event was changing the Barthel index to <60, or institutionalisation, or death, in each follow-up period. RESULTS: The median age was 81 years (IQR 74.5-85), and 45.2% were women. At 8 months, the best cut-off point for VIDA was ≤31 points (Sensitivity [S] 81.5%, [95% CI; 61.2-93.0]; Specificity (Sp) 58.2% [95% CI; 50.4-65.7], PPV 23.7%; NPV 95.2%), ≤30 in women, ≤34 in men. And at 18 months, ≤29 points (S 61.4 [95% CI; 47.6-73.7]; Sp 76.6 [95% CI; 68.1-83.4]; PPV 53.9; NPV 81.7). CONCLUSIONS: Overall cut-off points are provided as well as those for gender, predicting severe/total BADL decline, or institutionalization or death in patients with multiple morbidities. It seems to detect short-term events better and rules them out in the long term.
