Psychological and social consequences of deafblindness for siblings: a systematic literature review.

The onset of deafblindness profoundly impacts both the individual with this condition and the individual's family, including siblings. While current studies have primarily focused on the impact felt by parents or spouses, the distinct experiences of siblings have received comparatively less attention. This systematic review addresses the existing research gap regarding the psychological and social consequences experienced by siblings of individuals with deafblindness. A comprehensive search was conducted across multiple electronic databases, including PsycINFO, PsycARTICLES, Dissertations & Theses (on ProQuest), ERIC (Education Resources Information Center), International Bibliography of the Social Sciences (IBSS), Sociological Abstracts, Google Scholar, PubMed, and Cairn Info. Seven studies were identified as meeting the eligibility criteria for inclusion. The review revealed that siblings of individuals with deafblindness face psychological and social challenges, including emotions such as feelings of neglect, resentment, embarrassment, jealousy, and anxiety. Siblings also grapple with communication difficulties, contributing to feelings of exclusion and insecurity. In addition, these siblings take on significant responsibilities within the family and encounter obstacles in forming relationships outside the family. These findings underscore the need of interventions to improve the well-being of siblings of individuals with deafblindness by addressing their psycho-emotional needs and promoting positive social interactions. These findings align with studies conducted on siblings of children with other disabilities. However, additional research is crucial to investigate overlooked dimensions, particularly positive factors like coping mechanisms and resilience, that may influence the mental health and social experiences of these siblings.

Tele-psychotherapy during the COVID-19 pandemic: a mini-review.

The COVID-19 pandemic has dramatically changed psychotherapy practices. Psychotherapy around the world has shifted from predominantly face-to-face settings to overwhelmingly online settings since the beginning of the pandemic. Many studies have been published on this topic, but there has been no review of the literature focused on the experience of psychotherapists. Our goal was to identify the challenging issues of teletherapy, including the efficiency of online consultations and the extent to which they are accepted by therapists and patients. A PubMed literature search using the [("Teletherapy" OR "Telebehavioral health" OR "telepsychotherapy") AND ("COVID-19")] search string retrieved 46 studies focused on mental health professionals, as detailed in a PRISMA flow diagram. Two reviewers independently screened the abstracts and excluded those that were outside the scope of the review. The selection of articles kept for review was discussed by all three authors. Overall, the review contributes to the description and evaluation of tele mental health services, including teletherapy, online counseling, digital mental health tools, and remote monitoring.

Vulnerability to Psychosis: A Psychoanalytical Perspective. The Paradigmatic Example of 22q11.2 Microdeletion Syndrome.

This paper outlines a psychoanalytic contribution to a growing research field in psychiatry: that of psychotic vulnerability, and the related neurogenetic modeling of schizophrenia. We explore this contribution by focusing on recent studies concerning a neurodevelopmental disorder, the 22q11.2 microdeletion syndrome - which comprises DiGeorge syndrome in particular. It is one of the most common rare genetic syndromes, and the patients that it affects present a very high rate of psychotic symptoms (between 30 and 40%). For this reason, it has sparked an increasing number of clinical research projects which give it a paradigmatic status, as much for psychotic vulnerability as for potential neurobiological and genetic markers of schizophrenia. This syndrome illustrates one of the major stakes in contemporary psychopathology: the articulation of clinical, neurocognitive, and genetic approaches in a pluri-disciplinary manner. We seek to show that psychoanalysis, when it participates in this articulation, opens up specific hypotheses and research perspectives. In particular, based on the epidemiological observation of the role of anxiety as a predictor for psychosis, we underline the potential relevance of psychoanalytically oriented differential clinical practice and the psychodynamics of anxiety: they can contribute to studies and clinical follow-up on the 22q11.2 microdeletion syndrome and, more widely, to research on the detection and prevention of psychotic vulnerability.

The Digital Phenotyping Project: A Psychoanalytical and Network Theory Perspective.

A new method of observation is currently emerging in psychiatry, based on data collection and behavioral profiling of smartphone users. Numerical phenotyping is a paradigmatic example. This behavioral investigation method uses computerized measurement tools in order to collect characteristics of different psychiatric disorders. First, it is necessary to contextualize the emergence of these new methods and to question their promises and expectations. The international mental health research framework invites us to reflect on methodological issues and to draw conclusions from certain impasses related to the clinical complexity of this field. From this contextualization, the investigation method relating to digital phenotyping can be questioned in order to identify some of its potentials. These new methods are also an opportunity to test psychoanalysis. It is then necessary to identify the elements of fruitful analysis that clinical experience and research in psychoanalysis have been able to deploy regarding the challenges of digital technology. An analysis of this theme's literature shows that psychoanalysis facilitates a reflection on the psychological effects related to digital methods. It also shows how it can profit from the research potential offered by new technical tools, considering the progress that has been made over the past 50 years. This cross-fertilization of the potentials and limitations of digital methods in mental health intervention in the context of theoretical issues at the international level invites us to take a resolutely non-reductionist position. In the field of research, psychoanalysis offers a specific perspective that can well be articulated to an epistemology of networks. Rather than aiming at a numerical phenotyping of patients according to the geneticists' model, the case formulation method appears to be a serious prerequisite to give a limited and specific place to the integration of smartphones in clinical investigation.

Psychosocial determinants associated with quality of life in people with usher syndrome. A scoping review.

Background: In Usher syndrome, deafness is congenital and blindness is acquired. Therefore, the progressive loss of one of the two senses forces individuals with this syndrome to reorganize their everyday tasks and relationships, creating new strategies to communicate, access information, and move within a given space. This reorganization can interfere with the subjects' capacity to build a good quality of life.Methods: We conducted a scoping review of both peer-reviewed and gray literature, to identify existing evidence of the role of psychosocial determinants on the quality of life of people with Usher syndrome.Results: Twenty-one references met the inclusion criteria. Findings suggest that people with Usher syndrome seem to adjust their life habits to their condition, maintaining hope for the future, and believe in their capacities to accomplish their goals in spite of the various difficulties they encounter. However, this scoping review highlights a lack of research on adaptive strategies, as well as a lack of knowledge concerning the integration of the syndrome in one's identity, the relations to caregivers, and the specificities of the psychotherapeutic support. More information on these topics would enable better-adjusted social, psychotherapeutic, and medical responses.Implications for rehabilitationUsher syndrome, a rare genetic disease, leads to deafblindness, a cluster of related multiple sensory disabilities. People with Usher encounter several obstacles in their daily life. It is also difficult to adapt to the progressive loss of hearing and sight.This paper proposes a scoping review: we identify the main adaptation strategies used by people with Usher Syndrome in order to become autonomous in spite of these obstacles. In becoming more autonomous, they come to a better quality of life.We summarize the most frequent adaptation strategies (at school, work, leisure, interpersonal relationships, etc.) to help programs aimed at rehabilitation for people with Usher syndrome, and to find unexplored research perspectives (e.g., psychotherapies).

A Lacanian Approach to Medical Demand, With a Focus on Pediatric Genetics: A Plea for Subjectivization.

Current psychological research on contemporary medicine, and in particular genetics, often targets the underpinnings of patients' attitudes and behaviors with respect to biomedical knowledge and healthcare practices. But few studies approach these underpinnings as manifestations of the unconscious, while so doing could (in particular) help understand patients' apparent difficulties to understand information, and to subsequently act accordingly (e.g., in making therapeutic decisions, etc.). We hypothesize that Lacan's (1966) remarks ("The place of psychoanalysis in medicine") on the transferential nature of the demand addressed by the patient (or his family) to the doctor can help account for these issues: demand filters medical information received from the practitioner, and thereby motivates subsequent decisions. In this paper, we try and shed light on this thesis, and focus on pediatric genetics. We start by describing the manifest doctor-patient-family relationship in the pediatric genetics consultation, in order to show where unconscious determinants can come to play a role (1). We then explain Lacan's theory of demand: what the patient unknowingly demands is knowledge (savoir), the object of which is the body of jouissance - the libidinal experience of one's body through the first libidinal exchanges with the Other of early infancy, whereby the subject is assigned by the Other (subjectification) a specific fantasmatic status organizing his desire. Patients' understanding and attitudes thus vary so greatly because of this pre-existing filter. Healing and cure are merely apparent objects of the medical demand, which is an invocative drive seeking knowledge on the cause of one's desire: medical demand is an instance of transference. Doctors should thus enable patient subjectivization, i.e., help them realize that their demand's genuine object lies in their pre-existing subjective coordinates (2). In pediatric genetics, apparently paradoxical family attitudes heavily draw on what G. Raimbault, drawing on Lacan, called implicit demand, the object of which is knowledge about the family fantasy giving shape to the guilt of possibly transmitting the disease. We give a clinical example, then show how the concept of demand helped us elaborate the core of a research project on the subjective effects of a genetic deafblindness handicap (3).

Enjeux d'une discussion entre psychanalyse et neurosciences à propos de l'imagerie cérébrale / Challenges of a debate between psychoanalysis and neurosciences about brain imaging / Desafíos de un debate entre psicoanálisis y neurociencias a propósito de imágenes cerebrales

Cette contribution propose d'interroger, à partir de la psychanalyse, quelques interactions possibles avec les neurosciences. Il s'agit de spécifier la particularité de l'investigation psychanalytique de la technique, notamment de l'imagerie cérébrale, pour en questionner les présupposés. Ce que révèle la prise en compte de toutes les dimension du dispositif, c'est qu'une méthodologie interdisciplinaire permet de circonscrire les limites de ce qui est observé. Ce dialogue veut garder la singularité de chaque position épistémologique. La méthode biologique ne peut pas expliciter ce qui est inconscient. En effet, les chercheurs en neurosciences semble confondre les processus inconscients et préconscient. Le risque pourrait être de perdre la spécificité de ce que la psychanalyse peut apporter dans le débat interdisciplinaire Par exemple, l'hypothèse du nouvel inconscient telle que la développe Lionel Naccache (2001 e 2002) est discutée à cette occasion et mise à l'épreuve de ce qu'enseigne la clinique. L'argumentation de cet article propose l'idée que le dialogue entre psychanalyse et neurosciences apparaît particulièrement fécond si la délimitation des champs et des méthodes se cherche et se précise, sans ambiguïté.(AU)

This contribution examines some possible interactions between the neurosciences and psychoanalysis. The goal is to specify the particularities of psychoanalytic investigation of technology, specifically regarding brain imaging, and question its basic assumptions. Taking into account all the aspects of this medical procedure, we find that interdisciplinary approach enables us to define the boundaries of the field of observation. This dialogue wants to keep the singularity of each epistemological position. The biological methodology can't explicate what is unconscious. In fact researchers in Neuroscience seem confuse unconscious and preconscious processes. The risk could be to lose the specificity of what psychoanalysis can bring in interdisciplinary debate. The hypothesis of a new unconscious, as developed by Lionel Naccache, is also discussed and tested by clinical experience. The author argues that a dialogue between psychoanalysis and the neurosciences appears especially fruitful if we seek to unambiguously delimit and precise its exact field and methods.(AU)

Esta contribución analiza algunos posibles interacciones entre las neurociencias y el psicoanálisis. El objetivo es especificar las particularidades de la investigación psicoanalítica de la tecnología, específicamente en relación con las imágenes del cerebro, y cuestionar sus supuestos básicos. Teniendo en cuenta todos los aspectos de este procedimiento médico, encontramos que el enfoque interdisciplinar permite definir los límites del campo de observación. Este diálogo quiere mantener la singularidad de cada posición epistemológica. La metodología biológica no puede explicar lo que es inconsciente. De hecho los investigadores en Neurociencias parecen confundir los procesos inconscientes y preconscientes. El riesgo podría ser perder la especificidad de lo que el psicoanálisis puede aportar en el debate interdisciplinar. La hipótesis de un nuevo inconsciente, desarrollado por Lionel Naccache, también se discute y probado por la experiencia clínica. El autor sostiene que el diálogo entre el psicoanálisis y las neurociencias aparece especialmente fructífera si buscamos para delimitar de forma inequívoca y precisa su ámbito exacto y métodos.(AU)

Esta contribuição examina possíveis interações entre as neurociências e a psicanálise. O objetivo é especificar as particularidades da investigação psicanalítica sobre a tecnologia, especificamente a respeito de imagens do cérebro, e questionar suas premissas básicas. Levando-se em conta todos os aspectos deste procedimento médico, descobrimos que uma abordagem interdisciplinar nos permite definir os limites do campo de observação. Este diálogo quer manter a singularidade de cada posição epistemológica. A metodologia biológica não pode explicar o que é inconsciente. Na verdade, os pesquisadores em neurociência parecem confundir os processos inconscientes e pré-conscientes. O risco pode ser perder a especificidade do que a psicanálise pode trazer para o debate interdisciplinar. A hipótese de um novo inconsciente, desenvolvida por Lionel Naccache, também é discutida e testada pela experiência clínica. O autor argumenta que um diálogo entre a psicanálise e as neurociências parece especialmente frutífero se procurarmos delimitar de forma inequívoca e precisa seu campo e seus métodos exatos.(AU)

Enjeux d'une discussion entre psychanalyse et neurosciences à propos de l'imagerie cérébrale / Challenges of a debate between psychoanalysis and neurosciences about brain imaging / Desafíos de un debate entre psicoanálisis y neurociencias a propósito de imágenes cerebrales

Cette contribution propose d'interroger, à partir de la psychanalyse, quelques interactions possibles avec les neurosciences. Il s'agit de spécifier la particularité de l'investigation psychanalytique de la technique, notamment de l'imagerie cérébrale, pour en questionner les présupposés. Ce que révèle la prise en compte de toutes les dimension du dispositif, c'est qu'une méthodologie interdisciplinaire permet de circonscrire les limites de ce qui est observé. Ce dialogue veut garder la singularité de chaque position épistémologique. La méthode biologique ne peut pas expliciter ce qui est inconscient. En effet, les chercheurs en neurosciences semble confondre les processus inconscients et préconscient. Le risque pourrait être de perdre la spécificité de ce que la psychanalyse peut apporter dans le débat interdisciplinaire Par exemple, l'hypothèse du nouvel inconscient telle que la développe Lionel Naccache (2001 e 2002) est discutée à cette occasion et mise à l'épreuve de ce qu'enseigne la clinique. L'argumentation de cet article propose l'idée que le dialogue entre psychanalyse et neurosciences apparaît particulièrement fécond si la délimitation des champs et des méthodes se cherche et se précise, sans ambiguïté.

This contribution examines some possible interactions between the neurosciences and psychoanalysis. The goal is to specify the particularities of psychoanalytic investigation of technology, specifically regarding brain imaging, and question its basic assumptions. Taking into account all the aspects of this medical procedure, we find that interdisciplinary approach enables us to define the boundaries of the field of observation. This dialogue wants to keep the singularity of each epistemological position. The biological methodology can't explicate what is unconscious. In fact researchers in Neuroscience seem confuse unconscious and preconscious processes. The risk could be to lose the specificity of what psychoanalysis can bring in interdisciplinary debate. The hypothesis of a new unconscious, as developed by Lionel Naccache, is also discussed and tested by clinical experience. The author argues that a dialogue between psychoanalysis and the neurosciences appears especially fruitful if we seek to unambiguously delimit and precise its exact field and methods.

Esta contribución analiza algunos posibles interacciones entre las neurociencias y el psicoanálisis. El objetivo es especificar las particularidades de la investigación psicoanalítica de la tecnología, específicamente en relación con las imágenes del cerebro, y cuestionar sus supuestos básicos. Teniendo en cuenta todos los aspectos de este procedimiento médico, encontramos que el enfoque interdisciplinar permite definir los límites del campo de observación. Este diálogo quiere mantener la singularidad de cada posición epistemológica. La metodología biológica no puede explicar lo que es inconsciente. De hecho los investigadores en Neurociencias parecen confundir los procesos inconscientes y preconscientes. El riesgo podría ser perder la especificidad de lo que el psicoanálisis puede aportar en el debate interdisciplinar. La hipótesis de un nuevo inconsciente, desarrollado por Lionel Naccache, también se discute y probado por la experiencia clínica. El autor sostiene que el diálogo entre el psicoanálisis y las neurociencias aparece especialmente fructífera si buscamos para delimitar de forma inequívoca y precisa su ámbito exacto y métodos.

Esta contribuição examina possíveis interações entre as neurociências e a psicanálise. O objetivo é especificar as particularidades da investigação psicanalítica sobre a tecnologia, especificamente a respeito de imagens do cérebro, e questionar suas premissas básicas. Levando-se em conta todos os aspectos deste procedimento médico, descobrimos que uma abordagem interdisciplinar nos permite definir os limites do campo de observação. Este diálogo quer manter a singularidade de cada posição epistemológica. A metodologia biológica não pode explicar o que é inconsciente. Na verdade, os pesquisadores em neurociência parecem confundir os processos inconscientes e pré-conscientes. O risco pode ser perder a especificidade do que a psicanálise pode trazer para o debate interdisciplinar. A hipótese de um novo inconsciente, desenvolvida por Lionel Naccache, também é discutida e testada pela experiência clínica. O autor argumenta que um diálogo entre a psicanálise e as neurociências parece especialmente frutífero se procurarmos delimitar de forma inequívoca e precisa seu campo e seus métodos exatos.