[Type 2 diabetes in France: epidemiology, trends of medical care, social and economic burden]. / Le diabète de type 2 en France : épidémiologie, évolution de la qualité de la prise en charge, poids social et économique. Entred 2007.

Between 2001 and 2007, treatments for type 2 diabetes have increased and therapeutic choices have improved. However glycemic control remains insufficient. Cardiovascular risk control has widely increased. Statins, hypertensive and antithrombotic treatments are more often prescribed. Blood pressure and LDL cholesterol levels have decreased whatever age. However, progress remains possible, especially regarding blood pressure control. Obesity has increased between 2001 and 2007 to reach 41% whereas the frequency of dietetic visits has decreased. Insulin therapy (more than obesity) determines the frequency of dietetic visits: dietetic care happens too late. Important improvements of the quality of follow-up are observed. However, fundus exams and more specifically albuminuria measurement remain insufficiently performed and their progression is too slow, as well as the podiatric examination. Only 10% of people with type 2 diabetes have an endocrinology visit, which has been stable between 2001 and 2007. Information expectations of people with type 2 diabetes are strong, especially for diet. Education demand is lower but more important for people who have already benefited. This improvement of medical care leads to an increase in the cost of reimbursements. The consequences of diabetes, more than the disease itself, alter the quality of life.

[Non-insulin treated diabetes: relationship between disease management and quality of care. The Entred study, 2001]. / Diabète non insulino-traité: lien entre l'existence d'une prise en charge pour affection de longue durée et la qualité du suivi médical. Données entred 2001.

INTRODUCTION: We studied the relationship between 100% medical fee coverage for chronic disease and quality of care in people with type 2 diabetes treated with oral hypoglycaemic agents (OHA) only, in France. METHODS: For the Entred study, 10,000 adults who received reimbursements for a delivery of OHA or insulin were randomly sampled from the database of the major national medical insurance system in 2001. For these 10,000 people, we extracted all medical consumption from the 2001 database and mailed a medical questionnaire; another questionnaire was mailed to their medical provider. We restricted the analysis to people with type 2 diabetes, treated with OHA only, with no annual visit to an endocrinologist (n = 1167), and to a sub-group with no complication reported by their medical provider (n = 525). RESULTS: 71% of people benefited from a waiver of co-payment due to a chronic disease (100% medical fee coverage for a list of 30 diseases including diabetes). People with 100% coverage were more likely to be women, older, with a longer duration of the disease, more often on several OHA and a drug for cardiovascular disease, and had a higher level of HbA1c. In multivariate analyses, 100% fee coverage was linked with a higher frequency of three HbA1c measurements (OR = 2,5 [1,6-4,0]), one electrocardiogram (1,9 [1,2-3,1]) and one podiatric visit (2,2 [1,1-4,3]) in 2001 in people without complications. No association was found with one measurement of albuminuria, creatininemia, lipids, and ophtalmological, dental or dietitian visit. CONCLUSIONS: In 2001, a significant relationship was found between 100% medical fee coverage on a better quality of care for people with diabetes on OHA at an early stage of the disease. Several explanations are further discussed.