Endodontic variables in patients with SARS-CoV-2 infection (COVID-19) in relation to the severity of the disease

Background: Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-Cov-2) is the cause of the ongoing coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic. It has been hypothesized oral health may be related to the severity and complications of COVID-19. The aim of this study was to analyze the prevalence of apical periodontitis and the frequency of root canal treatment in a sample of patients with SARS-CoV-2 infection (COVID-19), correlating them with the severity of the disease. Material and methods: This retrospective study was conducted following the Strengthening Reporting Observational Studies in Epidemiology (STROBE) guidelines. The study examined 280 patients with positive real time PCR COVID-19 test whose treatment was performed in our hospital. Fifty-two patients aged 52.3 ± 17.3 years, including 30 males and 22 females, who had an orthopantomography in their clinical record, performed in the last 2 years, were included. Patients with SARS-CoV-2 infection were grouped as mild or moderate (MM) and severe or critical (SC) illness groups, according to the NIH COVID-19 Treatment Guidelines (Wu & McGoogan 2020). Radiographic records were analyzed and apical periodontitis (AP) was diagnosed as radiolucent periapical lesions (RPLs), using the periapical index score (PAI). Student's t test, χ2 test and multivariate logistic regression were used in the statistical analysis. Results: The number of carious teeth was significantly higher in the SC group (3.4 ± 4.1), which showed more than twice as many teeth with carious lesions than the MM group (1.4 ± 1.8) (p = 0.02). Multivariate regression analysis showed association between the number of carious teeth and the severity of SARS-CoV-2 disease (OR = 1.5; 95% CI = 1.1-2.1; p = 0.017). Endodontic status (OR = 7.12; 95% CI = 1.2-40.9; p = 0.027) also correlated with the disease severity. (AU)

Prevalence of endodontic infection in patients with Crohn´s disease and ulcerative colitis / Prevalencia de infección endodóntica en pacientes con enfermedad de Crohn y colitis ulcerosa

Background: Previous studies have linked apical periodontitis (AP) to inflammatory bowel disease (IBD). Theaim of this study was to compare the prevalence of AP and root canal treatment (RCT) in patients with ulcerativecolitis (UC) and Crohn´s disease (CD).Material and methods: A cross-sectional study, including 28 patients with Crohn´s disease and 26 with ulcerativecolitis, was conducted. AP was diagnosed as radiolucent periapical lesions (RPLs), using the periapical indexscore (PAI). Student’s t test, χ2 test and multivariate logistic regression were used in the statistical analysis.Results: Multivariate logistic regression run with age, gender, number of teeth, number of RFT, periodontal dis -ease and the type of IBD as covariates, taking as dependent variable and outcome “periapical status” (0 = notooth with RPL; 1 = at least one tooth with RPL), showed that both UC and CD patients had the prevalence api-cal periodontitis (OR = 1.03; C.I. 95% = 0.25 – 4.31; p = 0.97). The multivariate analysis, including all the abovecovariates, shows that both in UC and CD patients the prevalence of RCT was similar (OR = 0.76; C.I. 95% =0.17 – 7.31; p = 0.73). Periapical status was significantly associated with endodontic status (OR = 42.72; C.I. 95%= 3.87 – 472.15; p = 0.002), regardless of IBD type. Conclusions: The results of the present study show similar frequency of AP and RFT in both UC and CD patients.The type of IBD does not appear to affect the prevalence of radiographically detectable periapical lesions or theprevalence of root canal treatment.(AU)

Impact of the COVID-19 Pandemic on Antimicrobial Consumption and Hospital-Acquired Candidemia and Multidrug-Resistant Bloodstream Infections.

During the COVID-19 pandemic, the implementation of antimicrobial stewardship strategies has been recommended. This study aimed to assess the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic in a tertiary care Spanish hospital with an active ongoing antimicrobial stewardship programme (ASP). For a 20-week period, we weekly assessed antimicrobial consumption, incidence density, and crude death rate per 1000 occupied bed days of candidemia and multidrug-resistant (MDR) bacterial bloodstream infections (BSI). We conducted a segmented regression analysis of time series. Antimicrobial consumption increased +3.5% per week (p = 0.016) for six weeks after the national lockdown, followed by a sustained weekly reduction of -6.4% (p = 0.001). The global trend for the whole period was stable. The frequency of empirical treatment of patients with COVID-19 was 33.7%. No change in the global trend of incidence of hospital-acquired candidemia and MDR bacterial BSI was observed (+0.5% weekly; p = 0.816), nor differences in 14 and 30-day crude death rates (p = 0.653 and p = 0.732, respectively). Our work provides quantitative data about the pandemic effect on antimicrobial consumption and clinical outcomes in a centre with an active ongoing institutional and education-based ASP. However, assessing the long-term impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on antimicrobial resistance is required.

High Prevalence of Apical Periodontitis in Patients With Inflammatory Bowel Disease: An Age- and Gender- matched Case-control Study.

BACKGROUND: Deep carious lesions cause pulpitis, pulpal necrosis and, finally, apical periodontitis (AP). Root canal treatment (RCT) is the treatment of choice for AP, changing the tooth into a root-filled tooth (RFT). Several studies have linked AP and RFT to systemic diseases. Likewise, previous studies have also found an association among inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) and periodontal disease. This study aims to analyze the frequency of AP and RCT in IBD patients and healthy control subjects. METHODS: An age- and gender-matched case-control study design was used. The study group (SG) included 54 IBD patients (28 with Crohn´s disease, 26 with ulcerative colitis). Another 54 healthy subjects without IBD and age- and gender-matched were included in the control group (CG). The radiographic records were analyzed, and periapical radiolucencies were diagnosed as AP, using the periapical index (PAI). The statistical analysis was carried out using the Student t test, χ 2 test, and multivariate logistic regression. RESULTS: The presence of 1 or more teeth with radiolucent periapical lesions (RPLs) was found in 19 patients (35.2%) in the study group and in 9 subjects (16.7%) in the control group (P = 0.03). No differences were found among the 2 groups neither in the amount of teeth with AP nor in the number of RFTs (P > 0.05). However, multivariate logistic regression analysis adjusting for number of teeth and number of RFTs showed that patients with IBD have RPLs with higher likelihood than control patients (odds ratio, 5.7; confidence interval 95%, 1.7-19.1; P = 0.0048). CONCLUSIONS: Subjects with inflammatory bowel disease have higher prevalence of apical periodontitis. An oral health protocol should be established to address the higher prevalence of inflammatory oral processes.

Mioclonías generalizadas tras la ingesta de aldicarb como intento de autolisis / Generalized myoclonus after ingestion of aldicarb as suicide attempt

No disponible

Anillos de Kayser-Fleischer / Kayser-Fleischer rings

No disponible

Neurorretinitis unilateral / Unilateral neuroretinitis

No disponible