Diagnóstico e intervención temprana de insuficiencia velofaringea posterior a palatoplastia primaria en pacientes atendidos interdisciplinariamente en fisulab (Bogotá, Colombia) / Diagnosis and early intervention of velofaringeal insufficiency posterior to primary palatoplasty in patients attended interdisciplinarily in fisulab (Bogotá, Colombia)

Introducción y Objetivo: El tratamiento integral e interdisciplinario de los pacientes con paladar hendido es fundamental para garantizar resultados a largo plazo. El habla es una de las metas principales en el tratamiento ya que permitirá un adecuado aprendizaje escolar y socialización. La insuficiencia velofaríngea (IVF) se debe a alteraciones anatómicas del esfínter velofaringeo y el manejo temprano y adecuado de los pacientes con paladar hendido es clave para evitarla. El objetivo de este estudio es determinar el porcentaje de IVF detectado y manejado antes de los primeros 5 años de vida en pacientes con paladar hendido tratados interdisciplinariamente en el Centro de Rehabilitación para Niños con Labio y Paladar Fisurado (FISULAB) en Bogotá, Colombia, evidenciando la efectividad del abordaje temprano. Material y Método: Estudio descriptivo tipo serie de casos en el que presentamos los resultados funcionales del tratamiento continuo en pacientes con paladar hendido, diagnosticados y tratados de forma exclusiva en FISULAB de acuerdo a su guía integral. Del total de 972 pacientes atendidos en la institución, 118 cumplían con los criterios de inclusión. Resultados: Estudiamos 118 pacientes con paladar hendido con o sin labio hendido atendidos bajo la guía integral desde el nacimiento hasta los 5 años de edad: 67 varones y 51 mujeres. Del total, 17 (14.4%) presentaron IVF (8 varones y 9 mujeres). De los que presentaron IVF, 4 (23.5%) tenían diagnóstico sindrómico asociado. La incidencia de IVF en nuestra población de pacientes, excluyendo los pacientes sindromáticos, fue del 11%, con una resolución del 100% de la IVF en los pacientes que fueron llevados a uno o múltiples procedimientos quirúrgicos. Conclusiones: El diagnóstico temprano y el manejo interdisciplinario de la IVF son esenciales para asegurar el éxito en la rehabilitación del lenguaje de los pacientes con paladar hendido. Un tratamiento conservador y por etapas de la IVF puede asegurar buenos resultados minimizando complicaciones

Background and Objective: A comprehensive and interdisciplinary treatment of patients with cleft palate is essential to ensure satisfactory long-term results. Adequate speech is one of the main goals because it allows each patient a proper adjustment to their educational and social environment. Velo- pharyngeal insufficiency (VPI) occurs due to anatomic changes of the velo- pharyngeal sphincter. Early and appropriate management of patients with cleft palate is crucial to prevent velopharyngeal insufficiency. The aim of this study is to determine the incidence of patients with VPI that were detected and received treatment during their first 5 years of age at FISULAB (Rehabilitation Center for Children with Cleft lip and Palate), Bogota, Colombia, and to evaluate the effectiveness early treatment. Methods: Descriptive study of case series. Patients included were diagnosed with cleft palate and treated exclusively in FISULAB, following the treatment protocol of this institution. A total of 972 patients were treated and 118 patients met the inclusion criteria. Results: A total of 118 patients with cleft palate, with or without associated cleft lip, were treated following the institutional protocol: 17 (14.4%) had VPI (8 male and 9 female). Of the patients who had VPI, 4 (23.5%) had a syndromic diagnosis. The incidence of VPI in our patient population was 11% with a resolution of 100% of VPI after surgical treatment. Conclusions: Early diagnosis and interdisciplinary management of VPI are essential to ensure the success in speech rehabilitation in patients with cleft palate. A conservative and stepwise treatment of VPI has shown good results, minimizing complications

Hypertelorism and micro-orbit simultaneous correction in a patient with paramedian bilateral facial clefts.

The aim of this paper is to report a case of a patient with paramedian bilateral facial clefts and hypertelorism associated with a severe encephalocele and micro-orbit. The patient required a facial bipartition to correct a transsphenoidal encephalocele, and a modified medialization surgery of the orbits to simultaneously expand the micro-orbit and correct the hypertelorism. These procedures achieved hypertelorbitism correction, orbital expansion which allowed symmetrical facial growth, and a functional orbit that permitted the use of an ocular prosthesis. We present this unique case to highlight the predictable results of a procedure that combines 2 surgical reproducible techniques of craniofacial surgery.

Use of distraction osteogenesis in arrhinia.

Nasal malformations such as hemiarrhinia and arrhinia have a very low incidence, although many treatment protocols have been described. In this article, we describe 2 surgical techniques to treat arrhinia depending on the age at the beginning of treatment. In our practice, we use Le Fort III osteotomy with distraction osteogenesis as a pillar of the reconstruction because it allows to improve anteroposterior and vertical projections of the midface, giving a proper platform for nasal reconstruction, decreasing the number of interventions. We report a patient with a hemiarrhinia who has completed appropriate reconstruction results and a patient with total arrhinia in whom the distraction was achieved to create a nasal bone support and improve midface projection.