Post-burn deformity of the orofacial complex region: An Orthodontic approach.

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Prosthetic challenges in rehabilitating maxillomandibular trauma case: a multidisciplinary approach.

Although maxillofacial trauma is relatively common, it still presents a challenging management. Its management includes treatment of facial bone fractures, dentoalveolar trauma and soft tissue injuries as well as associated injuries. Plastic surgeons, maxillofacial surgeons and prosthodontists have an interest in the subject of maxillofacial injuries, particularly in the area of functional as well as aesthetical stomatognathic rehabilitation. Present case was a clinical scenario with maxillofacial trauma due to entanglement in agricultural equipment leading to fracture of palatal bone and fracture of mandible in symphysis region. The patient's mastication, phonetics, aesthetics and social life were affected. Initial management was performed by the plastic surgeons. Rehabilitation of maxillary defect was performed using fixed removable bridge with palatal extension to cover the cleft part, and cortical implant-supported fixed prosthesis was planned as the prosthetic treatment for mandibular arch. On follow-up, there was improvement in speech and mastication, and patient felt more confident in social interaction after prosthetic rehabilitation.

Bilateral sagittal split osteotomy a versatile approach for correction of facial deformity: A review literature.

Poor facial cosmesis resultant from dysgnathias usually accounts for a range of these individuals' psychological and social problems. Disturbances of both esthetics and function are caused by jaw deformity and associated structures' deformity such as malocclusion. The correction of these deformities is one of the most challenging and intriguing aspects of maxillofacial surgery. Despite having become routine only relatively recently, rigid internal fixation has advanced rapidly, its results are consistent and predictable and thus, its knowledge applies in orthognathic surgery besides other areas of maxillofacial surgery. The bilateral sagittal split osteotomy (BSSO) is a common orthognathic procedure performed on the mandible. First described by Trauner and Obwegeser in 1957, modified by Dal Pont and refined by Epker, several modifications of the BSSO have been introduced aiming to enhance surgical convenience, minimize morbidity, and maximize stability. The aim of this article is to review the literature of this technique from the historical perspective and to present a standard operation technique.

Esthetic and Palliative Management of Congenitally Missing Anterior Teeth using All Ceramic Fixed Prosthesis: A Clinical Case Report.

Congenitally missing anterior teeth alters the patient's physiognomy and diction in a big way. Maxillary incisor agenesis, prominently the lateral incisor is the most common congenitally missing permanent tooth, in the anterior maxillary region, which is the esthetic zone, representing approximately 20% of all dental anomalies. Treatment planning is inclusive of; smile design, preparation, perception of the patients, and their expectations in relation to esthetics, interdisciplinary alliance that meets the functional, health, and esthetic needs. A critical factor for the overall success is that of choosing a suitable restorative recourse. The case report describes the esthetic rehabilitation for congenitally missing maxillary lateral incisor and early traumatic loss of central incisor using an all ceramic-fixed prosthesis.

A rare case of bilateral oblique facial cleft and accessory maxilla with repaired unilateral cleft lip and palate.

Cleft lip and palate (CLP) are commonly occurring birth defects which occur due to failure of fusion of various developmental processes of the face, leading to a visible defect in the lip and palate. In severe cases, this defect may extend over the face, thus causing facial clefts. The present case of a 7-year-old girl is unique in the sense that she has right and left side facial clefts of different severity with bilateral accessory maxilla, extra set of dentition, unilateral CLP of the right side, and a double soft palate. Other less associated findings in the case are severe maxillary protrusion, complex open bite, downward and backward rotation of mandible, and incompetent lips with apparently no limb deformities. With some relevant data in hand, we present this case for various suggestions and best possible treatment plan.

Early orthopedic correction of skeletal Class III malocclusion using combined reverse twin block and face mask therapy.

A 6-year 8-month-old girl presented with a moderate Class III malocclusion characterized by mid-face deficiency and an anterior cross bite. In the first phase, the patient was treated with combination of reverse twin block and facemask therapy. In phase two, fixed appliances were placed in the permanent dentition. The post treatment results were good and a favorable growth tendency could be observed. The correction of the Class III malocclusion occurred by a combination of skeletal and dental improvements. This report shows successful correction of skeletal Class III malocclusion in the early transitional dentition using combination therapy.

Management of mucosal fenestration with external root resorption by multidisciplinary approach.

Mucosal fenestration is a clinical condition in which the overlying gingiva is denuded and the root is exposed to the oral cavity. Invasive cervical resorption is an entirely uncommon entity and its aetiology is poorly understood. This case presents an invasive cervical resorption of maxillary right central incisor with fenestration at the cervical third of the tooth. The resorption area was chemomechanically debrided. It was then restored with Mineral Trioxide Aggregate over which pink glass ionomer cement (GC Fuji VII) was placed. Lateral pedicle flap was used to cover the fenestration. The resorptive defect was restored using tooth coloured restorative resin after removal of the pink glass ionomer cement. Orthodontic treatment was continued for correction of malocclusion.

Open surgical approach to a maxillary impacted canine: a case report.

Palatally impacted permanent maxillary canines are a relatively common dental anomaly mandating surgical exposure before moving them orthodontically into correct alignment. The open technique for exposing these palatal canines involves their orthodontic movement into its correct position above the palatal mucosa in contrast to the closed approach in which canine is moved beneath the palatal mucosa. This case report describes the orthodontic eruption of a palatally impacted canine in a 22-year-old female using open surgical approach.

Blast injury face: An exemplified review of management.

Facial injuries are extremely common due to increased incidence of vehicular and industrial trauma and warfare injuries. But isolated injury to the face due to low voltage cells exploding is rare. In blast injury, the force can cause massive soft tissue injury, along with injury to facial fractures and damage to adnexa. Facial injury is not life threatening unless associated with other injuries of the skull and airway. The major risks to airway in facial trauma are due to anatomic alteration of patient's airway through bony and soft tissue disruption and increased chances of aspiration. The past several decades have seen a rapid growth in the range of procedures available for reconstructive purposes. However, the essential preliminary management is a must and needs to be structured. The patient, a 10-year-old boy, was joining three pencil batteries in series and twisting the wire with his teeth when one battery exploded causing severe injuries to midface and mandibular region. After stabilization, the patient was taken up for surgery. A cap splint with zygomatic suspension was done for the maxilla, and wiring of residual mandibular segments with lining and skin cover provided by a deltopectoral flap was done. Reconstructive surgeries for reconstruction of the upper lip and maintenance of oral continence were planned for the future. The present case stresses the importance of educating the masses about unsafe handling of low voltage devices, management of airway, massive soft tissue injury, along with facial fractures and damage to adnexa.

Dynamics of a smile in different age groups.

OBJECTIVE: To evaluate smile in different age groups and to detect gender differences in smile. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Digital videographic records of 241 randomly selected subjects were obtained for smile analysis. The subjects were divided into four groups by age (15-20 years, 21-30 years, 31-40 years, and 41-50 years). Each group was further subdivided by gender. After 41 subjects were excluded, the smile dimensions of 200 subjects were analyzed by two-way multivariate analysis of variance (MANOVA) with Duncan's multiple range post hoc test. RESULTS: All dynamic measurements (change in upper lip length, upper lip thickness, commissure height, and intercommissural width from rest to smile) decreased with age in both males and females. Changes in upper lip length and commissure height on smiling were greater in males as compared with females of the same age groups. Changes in intercommissural width on smiling were greater in females as compared with males in all age groups. CONCLUSION: Smile changes with increase in age, and the changes differ between males and females. Females had a wider smile as compared with males of similar age groups.