Dataset of Historical Elections in Catalonia (DHEC): Micro-level Historical Results (1890-1923).

The Dataset of Historical Elections in Catalonia covers the most detailed information available for elections that took place in Catalonia during the period 1890-1923. It describes all the specificities of a unique dataset encompassing census tract electoral returns, together with candidate-level data and GIS information. This note presents the context of the electoral data by describing the electoral system and political characteristics of Catalonia and Spain for the period of interest. This dataset expands information regarding electoral data in Catalonia for the period, which until now was only available at the electoral district level. Micro-level electoral data has been collected from multiple different sources ranging from official gazettes, original electoral tallies preserved in a wide range of archives, and secondary sources. This note descriptively presents the data to show its reuse potential for a large array of social scientists interested in historical, political, economic, or demographic processes that took place at the early 20th century. This new dataset has a large potential for future social science research on electoral behavior or party system formation and can be employed to better understand how social processes influenced politics and vice versa.

Model-based knowledge acquisition in environmental decision support system for wastewater integrated management.

The main goal of the Water Framework Directive is to achieve good chemical and ecological status of water bodies by 2015. The implementation of integrated river basin management, including sewer systems, wastewater treatment plants and receiving water bodies, is essential to accomplishing this objective. Integrated management is complex and therefore the implementation of control systems and the development of decision support systems are needed to facilitate the work of urban wastewater system (UWS) managers. Within this context, the objective of this paper is to apply integrated modelling of an UWS to simulate and analyse the behaviour of the 'Congost' UWS in Spain, and to optimize its performance against different types of perturbations. This analysis results in optimal operating set-points for each perturbation, improves river water quality, minimizes combined sewer overflows and optimizes flow lamination from storm water tanks. This is achieved by running Monte Carlo simulations and applying global sensitivity analysis. The set-points will become part of the knowledge base composed of a set of IF-THEN rules of the environmental decision support system being developed for this case study.

A new rule generation method to develop a decision support system for integrated management at river basin scale.

The Besòs River Basin authority is working towards the implementation of integrated river basin management, as required by the Water Framework Directive (WFD), to achieve a good ecological and chemical status of all water bodies by 2015. The studied system is constituted by two communities (La Garriga and Granollers), their corresponding draining catchments, sewer systems and two WWTPs, which discharge treated water at different locations of the same river. Within this context, the realisation of an integrated model of the river stretch and of the two WWTPs with their sewer systems and draining catchments was necessary. Such a model allows to efficiently simulate and analyse the behaviour of the integrated system and to optimize its performance holistically. In this article, a method is presented to generate rules to be implemented in a supervisory system for automatic management of the Integrated Urban Wastewater System (IUWS) in dry and storm weather. This is achieved by identifying, with the help of Monte Carlo simulations, the most performing operational parameters-according to environmental and economic criteria-for the two weather conditions.