ABSTRACT
BACKGROUND: This study investigates the marine macroinvertebrate fauna of rhodolith beds (non-geniculated red corallinaceaous algae) in northeast Brazilian. A total of 57 species were identified, belonging to six phyla (Platyhelminthes, Annelida, Sipuncula, Mollusca, Arthropoda and Echinodermata), of which 50 are considered here as new records for the Paraíba State. Annelids (Class Polychaeta) were the most representative taxa in Miramar and Seixas Beaches, while molluscs were dominant in Maceió Beach. NEW INFORMATION: This is the first study that includes an identification key, diagnostic features and distribution patterns worldwide and local (including new records) of the marine invertebrate fauna associated with rhodolith beds in northeast Brazil (State of Paraíba). Sampling events were performed in 2018, at low tide in the intertidal to shallow subtidal zones (1.5 and 4.0 m depth), in Miramar, Seixas and Maceió Beaches. A total of 17 species were found for the first time on Seixas Beach, as well as all identified species for Miramar and Maceió. This study tries to contribute to the knowledge of marine invertebrates in northeast Brazilian shallow habitats, providing a baseline for future environmental studies.
ABSTRACT
The study presents a review of the Dendrochirotida species from shallow waters of the northeastern coast of Brazil. A total of 1,268 specimens were analyzed and 24 species were recorded, which were classified into 16 genera of Cucumariidae, Psolidae, Phyllophoridae, and Sclerodactylidae. Detailed descriptions and figures of the taxonomic characters are provided to facilitate species identification. Notes on morphological variation, geographic distribution, and habitat are also provided. We suggest two new species for science, Thyone brasiliana sp. nov. and Havelockia nietae sp. nov., the new combination Parathyone braziliensis (Verrill, 1868) and the first record of Euthyonidiella trita (Sluiter, 1910) for the Brazilian coast. The bathymetric ranges are expanded for Coronatum baiensis, Euthyonidiella trita, Stolus cognatus, and Thyonidium seguroensis.
Subject(s)
Echinodermata , Sea Cucumbers , Animals , Brazil , EcosystemABSTRACT
Abstract This study presents the species of echinoderms found inside rhodolith branches from Seixas Beach, State of Paraíba, Brazil, during one year of rhodolith sampling. A total of 64 specimens were analyzed and identified into 12 species, belonging to 11 genera, eight families and three classes. Brief taxonomic descriptions, figures and ecological notes for recorded species are provided. Ophiuroidea and Holothuroidea were the most representative taxa. Biogenic structures are an important habitat for young specimens and some small species of Echinodermata. Some species complete their life cycle in these structures, while others spend part of their life in these substrates and may also migrate to other habitats. The work complements the knowledge of echinoderm biodiversity from Northeastern of Brazil and aims to support future projects of protection and sustainable management of this area.
Resumo O presente estudo apresenta as espécies de equinodermos encontradas dentro de ramos de rodolitos provenientes da Praia do Seixas, Estado da Paraíba, Brasil. Um total de 64 espécimes foi analisado, sendo identificadas 12 espécies, pertencentes a 11 gêneros, oito famílias, e três classes. As amostras foram coletadas ao longo de um ano a partir de rodolitos. O artigo fornece uma breve descrição taxonômica, figuras e notas ecológicas para cada espécie. Ophiuroidea e Holothuroidea foram os grupos mais representativos. Os resultados mostram que essas estruturas biogênicas formam um habitat importante para espécies jovens e espécies pequenas de Echinodermata. Algumas espécies completam seu ciclo de vida dentro dos rodolitos, enquanto outras passam uma parte da vida nesses substratos para depois explorar em outros ambientes. O estudo complementa o conhecimento da biodiversidade de equinodermos para o nordeste do Brasil e fornece suporte para futuros projetos de proteção e uso sustentável da área.
ABSTRACT
Pentamera paraibanensissp. n. is described from more than 3000 specimens as a new species of Phyllophoridae from northeast Brazil, in the tropical southwestern Atlantic. It is distinguished from its congeners by the shape of the calcareous ring with moderate posterior processes, and by the tables in the body wall with a usually quadrilocular disc and a low, toothed spire composed of two pillars. The body is brown, with the tube feet in double rows per ambulacrum, and tentacles more lightly colored. The species was found inside rodoliths in large numbers. This paper contains a morphological description of the specimens, and an account of their habitat characteristics.
Resumo Pentamera paraibanensissp. n. é descrita com cerca de 3000 espécimes como uma nova espécie de Phyllophoridae proveniente do Nordeste do Brasil, no Atlântico Sul tropical. Distingue-se das outras espécies do gênero pela forma do anel calcário com processos posteriores moderados, e pelas torres da parede do corpo com um disco geralmente quadrilocular e uma espira curta composta por dois pilares, denteada no ápice. O corpo é marrom, os pés ambulacrais estão dispostos em fileiras duplas por ambúlacro, e tentáculos tem coloração mais clara. A espécie foi encontrada em grande quantidade dentro de rodolitos. Esse trabalho contém uma descrição morfológica dos espécimes, e informações sobre as características de seu habitat.
ABSTRACT
This is a taxonomic work on the aspidochirotid sea cucumbers from shallow waters in Northeast Brazil. We studied 165 specimens, classified into 2 families, 3 genera, 7 subgenera and 9 species. Descriptions, illustrations and literature data are included for each species, in addition to ecological notes and information on their distribution in the northeast coast of Brazil. A taxonomic key is provided for the identification of the species.
Subject(s)
Sea Cucumbers/classification , Animal Distribution , Animal Structures/anatomy & histology , Animal Structures/growth & development , Animals , Body Size , Brazil , Ecosystem , Organ Size , Sea Cucumbers/anatomy & histology , Sea Cucumbers/growth & developmentABSTRACT
The project goal was to reduce waste disposal volume, costs and minimize the negative impact that regulated waste treatment and disposal has on the environment. This was accomplished by diverting bypass circuits from the traditional regulated medical waste (RMW) to clear bag waste, or municipal solid waste (MSW). To qualify circuits to be disposed of through MSW stream, the circuits needed to be void of any free-flowing blood and be "responsibly clear." Traditionally the perfusion bypass circuit was emptied through the cardioplegia pump starting shortly after decannulation and heparin reversal. Up to 2000 mL of additional prime solution was added until the bypass circuit was rinsed clear. Three hundred sixty of 400 procedures (90%) had a complete circuit rinse and successful diversion to MSW. An additional 240 mL of processed cell salvage blood was available for transfusion. No additional time was spent in the operating room as a result of this procedure. Based on our procedure case volume and circuit weight of 15 pounds, almost 15,000 pounds (7.5 tons) of trash will be diverted from RMW. This technique represents another way for perfusionists to participate in sustainability efforts. Diverting the bypass circuit to clear bag waste results in a reduced environmental impact and annual cost savings. The treatment of RMW is associated with various environmental implications. MSW, or clear bag waste, on the other hand can now be disposed of in waste-to-energy facilities. This process not only releases a significantly less amount of carbon dioxide into the environment, but also helps generate renewable energy. Therefore, the bypass circuit diversion pilot project effectively demonstrates decreases in the carbon footprint of our organization and overall operating costs.
