Biogenic synthesis of gold nanoparticles using dual extract of tulsi-Vinca for breast cancer tumor regression in mice.

Aim: This work aims to synthesize the gold nanoparticles (GNPs) using a dual extract of tulsi and Vinca (T+V-Gold) for breast cancer tumor regression. Methods: The GNPs were synthesized and characterized for their microscopic, spectroscopic and crystalline properties. Further, the GNPs were investigated for in vitro and in vivo studies for the treatment of the 4T1-induced triple-negative breast cancer murine model. Results: The GNPs for 4T1 tumor-challenged mice resulted in delayed tumor development and lower tumor burden, with T+V-Gold demonstrating the highest prevention of tumor spread. The antitumor effect of T+V-Gold is highly significant in the glutathione family antioxidants glutathione S-transferase and glutathione in tumor tissue samples. Conclusion: The bioefficacy and anticancer outcomes of T+V-Gold nanoformulation can be used as therapeutic agents and drug-delivery vehicles.

Bioengineered dual fluorescent carbon nano dots from Indian long pepper leaves for multifaceted environmental and health utilities.

In this article, we present the synthesis of Piper longum leaves-derived ethanolic carbon dots (PLECDs) using the most simplistic environmentally friendly solvothermal carbonization method. The PLECDs fluoresced pink color with maximum emission at 670 nm at 397 nm excitation. Additionally, the dried PLECDs dissolved in water showed green fluorescence with higher emission at 452 nm at 370 nm excitation. The UV spectra showed peaks in the UV region (271.25 nm and 320.79 nm) and a noticeable tail in the visible region, signifying the efficient synthesis of nano-sized carbon particles and the Mie scattering effect. Various functional groups (-OH, -N-H, -C-H, -C = C, -C-N, and -C-O) were identified using Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR). Its nanocrystalline property was revealed by the sharp peaks in the X-ray diffraction (XRD). High-resolution transmission electron microscopy (HRTEM) photomicrograph displayed a roughly spherical structure with a mean size of 2.835 nm. The energy dispersive X-ray (EDAX) and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) revealed the elemental abundance of C, O, and N. The high-performance thin-layer chromatography (HPTLC) fingerprint of PLECDs showed an altered pattern than its precursor (Piper longum leaves ethanolic extract or PLLEE). The PLECDs sensed Cu2+ selectively with a limit of detection (LOD) and limit of quantification (LOQ) of 0.063 µM and 0.193 µM, respectively. It showed excellent cytotoxicity toward MDA-MB-231 (human breast cancer), SiHa (human cervical carcinoma), and B16F10 (murine melanoma) cell lines with excellent in vitro bioimaging outcomes. It also has free radical scavenging activity. The PLECDs also showed outstanding bacterial biocompatibility, pH-dependent fluorescence stability, photostability, physicochemical stability, and thermal stability.

Fabrication of white light emitting diodes via high yield surface passivated carbon quantum dots doped with terbium.

Exploiting the unique characteristics of various materials to create novel hybrid materials opens up innovative possibilities for cutting-edge applications across numerous fields. Here, we have synthesized novel surface functionalized photoluminescent carbon quantum dots (CQDs) doped with a rare-earth element (Tb3+) for white light emitting diodes. High quantum yield CQDs were produced utilizing Plumeria leaves as a precursor using a one-step hydrothermal approach, and further, its optical characterization was thoroughly investigated. Herein, the functionalized CQDs demonstrate excitation-independent electroluminescence performance. The UV-LED chip and functionalized CQD were combined to create a device that emits cold white light with Commission Internationale de L'Eclairage coordinates of (0.33, 0.34), a corresponding correlated color temperature of 4995 K and color rendering index of 84.2.

Tinospora cordifolia Leaves Derived Carbon dots for Cancer Cell Bioimaging, Free radical Scavenging, and Fe3+ Sensing Applications.

Herein, we report the fabrication of Tinospora cordifolia leaves-derived carbon dots (TCLCDs) from aqueous extract of leaves as carbon source via simple, environmentally friendly, hydrothermal carbonization (HTC) technique. The synthesized TCLCDs were characterized for their physicochemical properties and further explored for in-vitro cancer cell bioimaging, radical scavenging, and metal ion sensing. The synthesized TCLCDs showed excitation-dependent emission property with maximum emission at 435 nm under the excitation of 350 nm. The High-Resolution Transmission Electron Microscopy (HRTEM) results revealed a roughly spherical shape with an average diameter of 5.47 nm. The diffused ring pattern of Selected Area Electron Diffraction (SAED) and halo diffraction pattern of X-ray diffraction (XRD) disclosed their amorphous nature. The Energy Dispersive X-ray (EDX) showed the existence of C, N, and O. The Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) revealed the presence of -OH, -NH, -CN, and -CH groups. The TCLCDs showed excellent cellular biocompatibility with dose-dependent bioimaging results in melanoma (B16F10) and cervical cancer (SiHa) cell lines. Also, they exhibited excellent scavenging of free radicals with an IC50 value of 0.524 mg/mL & selective Fe3+ ion sensing with a detection limit of 0.414 µM. Further, they exerted excellent bacterial biocompatibility, photostability, and thermal stability. The overall results reflected their potential for in-vitro cancer cell bioimaging, free radical scavenging, and selective Fe3+ ion sensing.

Carbon dots from an immunomodulatory plant for cancer cell imaging, free radical scavenging and metal sensing applications.

Aim: This work aimed to develop Tinospora cordifolia stem-derived carbon dots (TCSCD) for cancer cell imaging, free radical scavenging and metal sensing applications. Method: The TCSCDs were synthesized by a simple, one-step, and ecofriendly hydrothermal carbonization method and characterized for their optical properties, morphology, hydrodynamic size, surface functionality, crystallinity, stability, bacterial biocompatibility, in vitro cellular imaging, free radical scavenging and metal sensing ability. Results: The TCSCDs exhibited excellent biocompatibility with dose-dependent bioimaging results in melanoma (B16F10) and cervical cancer (SiHa) cell lines. They exerted good free radical scavenging, Fe3+ sensing, bacterial biocompatibility, photostability, colloidal dispersion stability and thermal stability. Conclusion: The results reflect the potential of TCSCDs for biomedical and pharmaceutical applications.

Protective effect of irbesartan, an angiotensin II receptor antagonist, alone and in combination with aspirin on middle cerebral artery occlusion model of focal cerebral ischemia in rats.

The present study was designed to test pretreatment multiple doses of irbesartan (IRB) 50 mg, aspirin (ASP) 100 mg and the combination of both drugs for 7 days on middle cerebral artery-occluded (MCAO) rats. Focal cerebral ischemia was induced by MCA occlusion for 2 hours followed by reperfusion for 22 hours. After 24 hours of ischemia, grip strength and locomotor activity tests were performed. Animals were immediately sacrificed, infarct volume was measured followed by the estimation of markers of oxidative stress in the whole brains. Locomotor activity and grip strength were improved in IRB- and ASP-treated rats. Infarct volume was reduced in both IRB and ASP pretreatment as compared with MCAO rats. An elevation of thiobarbituric acid reactive substance (TBARS) and a reduction in glutathione (GSH) and antioxidant enzymes viz. superoxide dismutase (SOD) and catalase were observed following MCAO. Pretreatment of IRB and ASP showed the reduction in TBARS, elevation in GSH, SOD and catalase levels as compared with MCAO rats. The protective effects of IRB, an angiotensin II receptor antagonist having affinity for AT(1) receptor subtypes, could be due to inhibition of AT( 1) receptor expression in addition to its neuroprotective and free radical scavenging properties in cerebral ischemia. Further, it may be possible that the combination of IRB and ASP may be useful as an add-on therapy and would yield beneficial effects, if administered immediately following the ischemia in reducing the severity of the neurological deficits. However, our results are preliminary, further studies with posttreatment of IRB and ASP are required to provide more firm view.