Comorbidity of psychiatric and dermatologic disorders with skin picking disorder and validation of the Skin Picking Scale Revised for Brazilian Portuguese

Objective: Skin picking disorder (SPD) affects up to 5.4% of the population. Less than half of patients are correctly diagnosed and treated. Developing tools to recognize SPD can help professionals and patients alike. This trial aimed to validate the Skin Picking Scale-Revised (SPS-R) for the Brazilian population and assess the psychiatric and dermatological comorbidities of patients with SPD. Methods: Brazilians with a primary diagnosis of SPD, 18 years or older, were recruited from a community sample by media advertising and evaluated by a dermatologist and a psychiatrist. Self-report instruments were used: SPS-R, Dermatology Life Quality Index (DLQI), General Anxiety Disorder-7 (GAD-7), and Patient Health Questionnaire-9 (PHQ-9). Confirmatory factor analysis (CFA) was performed to evaluate the SPS-R, and Pearson correlation (r) was used to assess the relationship between instruments. Results: Overall, 124 patients were included. The SPS-R demonstrated good internal consistency (Cronbach's coefficient = 0.84). CFA found a good fit to the model according to all indices (χ2 = 29.67; degrees of freedom [df] = 19; p = 0.056; root mean square error of approximation [RMSEA] = 0.067; comparative fit index [CFI] = 0.969; non-normed fit index [NNFI] = 0.954). SPS-R correlated with DLQI (r = 0.73), GAD-7 (r = 0.51), and PHQ-9 (r = 0.43). The sample had a high prevalence of psychiatric disorders, mainly generalized anxiety disorder (62.1%) and current (32.3%) and past (37.1%) depressive episodes. Conclusion: The Brazilian version of the SPS-R presents good psychometric properties. The severity of SPD is related to severity of depression, anxiety, and impairment in quality of life. Clinical trial registration: ClinicalTrials.gov, NCT04731389

Comorbidity of psychiatric and dermatologic disorders with skin picking disorder and validation of the Skin Picking Scale Revised for Brazilian Portuguese.

OBJECTIVE: Skin picking disorder (SPD) affects up to 5.4% of the population. Less than half of patients are correctly diagnosed and treated. Developing tools to recognize SPD can help professionals and patients alike. This trial aimed to validate the Skin Picking Scale-Revised (SPS-R) for the Brazilian population and assess the psychiatric and dermatological comorbidities of patients with SPD. METHODS: Brazilians with a primary diagnosis of SPD, 18 years or older, were recruited from a community sample by media advertising and evaluated by a dermatologist and a psychiatrist. Self-report instruments were used: SPS-R, Dermatology Life Quality Index (DLQI), General Anxiety Disorder-7 (GAD-7), and Patient Health Questionnaire-9 (PHQ-9). Confirmatory factor analysis (CFA) was performed to evaluate the SPS-R, and Pearson correlation (r) was used to assess the relationship between instruments. RESULTS: Overall, 124 patients were included. The SPS-R demonstrated good internal consistency (Cronbach's coefficient = 0.84). CFA found a good fit to the model according to all indices (?2 = 29.67; degrees of freedom [df] = 19; p = 0.056; root mean square error of approximation [RMSEA] = 0.067; comparative fit index [CFI] = 0.969; non-normed fit index [NNFI] = 0.954). SPS-R correlated with DLQI (r = 0.73), GAD-7 (r = 0.51), and PHQ-9 (r = 0.43). The sample had a high prevalence of psychiatric disorders, mainly generalized anxiety disorder (62.1%) and current (32.3%) and past (37.1%) depressive episodes. CONCLUSION: The Brazilian version of the SPS-R presents good psychometric properties. The severity of SPD is related to severity of depression, anxiety, and impairment in quality of life.

Improving skin picking diagnosis among Brazilians: validation of the Skin Picking Impact Scale and development of a photographic instrument.

BACKGROUND: Skin picking disorder is a prevalent disorder frequently comorbid with depression and anxiety, which is underdiagnosed mainly by dermatologists. Assessment of skin picking disorder is based on instruments influenced by the awareness about skin picking disorder and comorbid symptoms. To date, there is no validated instrument for Brazilian individuals nor an instrument to evaluate the severity of skin lesions in an objective way. OBJECTIVES: Validate the Skin Picking Impact Scale for Brazilian Portuguese and create a photographic measurement to assess skin lesions. METHODS: The sample was assessed through the Skin Picking Impact Scale translated into Brazilian Portuguese, the Hamilton Anxiety Scale, the Beck Depression Inventory, and the Clinical Global Impression Scale. The patients' skin lesions were photographed. Photos were evaluated regarding active excoriation, crust/bleeding, exulceration, and linear lesions. RESULTS: There were 63 patients included. The Skin Picking Impact Scale translated into Brazilian Portuguese had good internal consistency (Cronbach's alpha=0.88), which tests of goodness-of-fit, showing a suitable model. The reliability of photographic measurement was 0.66, with a high internal consistency (Cronbach's alpha=0.87). Photographic measurement was not correlated with the Skin Picking Impact Scale, the Clinical Global Impression Scale, or comorbid symptoms. STUDY LIMITATIONS: Lack of a previously validated instrument to evaluate dermatillomania in the Brazilian population for comparison. CONCLUSION: The Skin Picking Impact Scale validated in Brazilian Portuguese is a good instrument to evaluate skin picking disorder. Photographic measurement is a consistent way of assessing skin lesions, but it does not reflect the impact of skin picking disorder on the individual's life.

Improving skin picking diagnosis among Brazilians: validation of the Skin Picking Impact Scale and development of a photographic instrument

Abstract Background Skin picking disorder is a prevalent disorder frequently comorbid with depression and anxiety, which is underdiagnosed mainly by dermatologists. Assessment of skin picking disorder is based on instruments influenced by the awareness about skin picking disorder and comorbid symptoms. To date, there is no validated instrument for Brazilian individuals nor an instrument to evaluate the severity of skin lesions in an objective way. Objectives Validate the Skin Picking Impact Scale for Brazilian Portuguese and create a photographic measurement to assess skin lesions. Methods The sample was assessed through the Skin Picking Impact Scale translated into Brazilian Portuguese, the Hamilton Anxiety Scale, the Beck Depression Inventory, and the Clinical Global Impression Scale. The patients' skin lesions were photographed. Photos were evaluated regarding active excoriation, crust/bleeding, exulceration, and linear lesions. Results There were 63 patients included. The Skin Picking Impact Scale translated into Brazilian Portuguese had good internal consistency (Cronbach's alpha = 0.88), which tests of goodness-of-fit, showing a suitable model. The reliability of photographic measurement was 0.66, with a high internal consistency (Cronbach's alpha = 0.87). Photographic measurement was not correlated with the Skin Picking Impact Scale, the Clinical Global Impression Scale, or comorbid symptoms. Study limitations Lack of a previously validated instrument to evaluate dermatillomania in the Brazilian population for comparison. Conclusion The Skin Picking Impact Scale validated in Brazilian Portuguese is a good instrument to evaluate skin picking disorder. Photographic measurement is a consistent way of assessing skin lesions, but it does not reflect the impact of skin picking disorder on the individual's life.

Translation, cross-cultural adaptation and validation of the Quality of Life Evaluation in Epidermolysis Bullosa instrument in Brazilian Portuguese.

BACKGROUND: The Quality of Life Evaluation in Epidermolysis Bullosa (QoLEB) questionnaire was developed for use in English-speaking individuals. OBJECTIVES: The aims of this study were to translate the QoLEB into Brazilian Portuguese, to culturally adapt it, and to verify its reliability and validity. METHODS: The study followed the steps proposed by the World Health Organization, which include: translation; evaluation by a panel of experts and patients; back translation; and linguistic and cultural adaptation. All subjects were examined and assessed using the QoLEB and the Dermatology Life Quality Index (DLQI) or the Children's Dermatology Life Quality Index (CDLQI). Translation and cultural and linguistic adaptation were conducted by 10 patients, three translators, and the bilingual authors. RESULTS: The population was composed of 40 children (mean age: 8,15 years) and 17 adults (mean age: 33 years). Among the children, eight had epidermolysis bullosa (EB) simplex (EBS), one had junctional EB (JEB), and 31 had dystrophic EB (DEB). In the adult group, four of the subjects had EBS, one had JEB, and 12 had DEB. Mean ± standard deviation (SD) scores on the QoLEB in children were 10.60 ± 7.13 in EBS subjects, 9.71 ± 7.87 in children with dominant DEB (DDEB), and 14.25 ± 9.67 in children with recessive DEB (RDEB). Mean ± SD scores in adults were 12.50 ± 9.95 in EBS subjects, 12.00 ± 5.83 in DDEB subjects, and 20.20 ± 9.21 in RDEB subjects. The QoLEB-BP (Brazilian Portuguese) showed high internal consistency (Cronbach's α = 0.88) and high test-retest reliability (intraclass correlation coefficient: 0.70), confirming the internal consistency and reproducibility of this Portuguese version. There were significant correlations between QoLEB scores and both CDLQI (Pearson's r = 0.688, P < 0.002) and DLQI (Pearson's r = 0.807, P < 0.001) scores. CONCLUSIONS: Epidermolysis bullosa has marked impacts on the lives of EB patients and their families, which are strongly correlated with disease severity. The Brazilian Portuguese version of the QoLEB is validated and can be recommended for use in subsequent studies.

Cellulite: a new treatment approach combining subdermal Nd: YAG laser lipolysis and autologous fat transplantation.

BACKGROUND: Cellulite is an alteration of the topography of the skin that occurs in body areas where fat deposition seems to be under the influence of estrogen: mainly the hips, buttocks, thighs, and abdomen. The presence of cellulite is a significant source of patient dissatisfaction. There is currently no cure or consistently effective treatment for cellulite. OBJECTIVE: The authors sought to show that the subdermal application of the neodymium-doped yttrium aluminium garnet (Nd:YAG) laser combined with autologous fat transplantation is a safe and effective treatment for cellulite. METHODS: From January 2003 to December 2006, 52 female patients with Curri grade III to IV cellulite were treated with subdermal 1064-nm Nd:YAG laser lipolysis combined with autologous fat transplantation. Patient assessment was collected for data analysis. After the treatment, tissue samples were obtained in some subjects in order to ascertain the histologic effects of the laser treatment. RESULTS: This treatment resulted in significant clinical improvement in cellulite. The adverse effects were mild and temporary, and the postoperative period was well tolerated. A majority of patients (84.6%) rated the results of treatment as either good or excellent. CONCLUSIONS: The treatment of severe cases of cellulite (Curri grades III and IV) by a combination of 1064-nm Nd:YAG laser lipolysis and autologous fat transplantation proved to be both safe and effective. In addition, subdermal laser lipolysis has the advantage of inducing neocollagenesis and stimulating postoperative skin tightening. This represents a new treatment option for the ubiquitous cellulite disorder. Although this treatment has shown promising results in this pilot study, further studies are necessary in order to draw final conclusions.

Hand rejuvenation using intense pulsed light.

BACKGROUND: The aging of the hands is typically characterized by wrinkles, skin thinning, and solar lentigines. The search for effective treatments has led to the use of laser and intense pulsed light (IPL) technologies. OBJECTIVE: To assess the effectiveness of an IPL device for the improvement of dyspigmentation and overall skin quality on the dorsa of the hands. METHODS: Twenty-three patients with sun damage and solar lentigines on the dorsal hands were treated with four IPL sessions at 3- to 4-week intervals. Prior to treatment, photographs were taken and informed consent was obtained. Pre- and post-treatment photography and investigator clinical assessment and patient questionnaires were collected for data analysis. RESULTS: After four treatment sessions, good to excellent results in the improvement in solar lentigines and skin quality were assessed by investigators in 100% of the cases and in 86.94% (20 of 23 subjects) by patient self-assessments. No significant side effects were observed. CONCLUSION: IPL is an effective and safe treatment option to improve solar lentigines and skin texture for hand rejuvenation.

Stretch marks: treatment using the 1,064-nm Nd:YAG laser.

BACKGROUND: Striae are frequent skin lesions that cause considerable aesthetic concern. The 1,064-nm long-pulsed Nd:YAG laser has been used to promote an increase in dermal collagen and is known to be a laser that has a high affinity for vascular chromophores. OBJECTIVE: This study aims to verify the efficacy of the long-pulsed Nd:YAG laser in the treatment of immature striae. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Twenty patients who had immature striae, i.e., red striae, were treated using the 1,064-nm long-pulsed Nd:YAG laser. The analysis of treatment efficacy was performed by the comparison between the images taken before and after each treatment session as well as through a subjective assessment carried out by the patients themselves. RESULTS: Results were considered satisfactory to both patients and doctors. A higher number of patients (55%) considered the results excellent when compared to the same assessment made by the doctor (40%). CONCLUSION: The clinical improvement of immature striae can be obtained with the use of the 1,064-nm long-pulsed Nd:YAG laser. The low incidence of side effects makes this laser a good alternative in the treatment of these common skin lesions.

Translation and cultural adaptation to portuguese of a quality of life questionnaire for patients with melasma

Dermatoses, mainly those with important esthetic involvement, can produce a significant impact in the social, familiar and professional life of patients. Among these diseases, melasma is distinguished by its relapsing hyperchromic macules, with disappointing therapeutic results. Considering all these features, besides the objective evaluation of the therapeutic results, the dimension of the disease influence on the quality of life is considered of similar relevance. This influence is measured by validated questionnaires, most of them written in English. Its translation and cultural adaptation are necessary steps before being applied to people whom speak other languages. This study describes the translation and adaptation to Portuguese of the quality of life questionnaires developed for patients with Melasma (MELASQoL), according to the rules established by the World Health Organization. In summary: two independent literal translations to Portuguese; review by a health professionals bilingual group; application of the first version to 10 volunteer patients that agreed to report their opinion; discussion of items and administration procedures; back-translation to English; evaluation by the original author; review by the bilingual group and formatting of the final Portuguese questionnaire. The version and routine application of the MELASQoL instrument will allow a significant improvement on the individual evaluations as well as the participation on multi center studies, producing consistent and comparable results

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Aferição da qualidade de vida na avaliação global do paciente dermatológico / Quality of life assessment in the overall evaluation of dermatology patients

As dermatoses podem ter um significativo impacto na vida social, familiar e profissionaldos pacientes. Além da avaliação objetiva dos resultados das intervenções terapêuticas, a medidada influência das doenças na qualidade de vida é considerada com relevância similar, sendomedida por questionários validados para tal. Este estudo revisa e descreve as escalas utilizadasna dermatologia.

Dermatoses may have a significant impact on the patient’s social, family and professionallife. Besides the objective evaluation of therapeutic results, the influence of diseases on qualityof life, which is measured by validated questionnaires, is also deemed relevant. This study reviewsand describes scales used in dermatology.

Prevalência da doença do refluxo gastroesofágico: estudo populacional em Porto Alegre, Rio Grande do Sul / Population-based study on the prevalence of gastroesophageal reflux disease in Porto Alegre, Rio Grande do Sul

Introduçäo: A doença do refluxo gastroesofágico (DRGE) é provavelmente muito frequente em nosso meio. A grande maioria dos estudos estrangeiros que avaliaram a prevalência de sintomas relacionados à DRGE näo verificou a frequência de DRGE na comunidade, avaliando pessoas ou pacientes de serviços hospitalares terciários. Este estudo tem como objetivo verificar a presença de DRGE na comunidade, ao avaliar uma populaçäo näo selecionada em Porto Alegre, Rio Grande do Sul. Material e métodos: 818 pessoas (362 M, 456 F,média etária = 42,2 anos), escolhidos aleatoriamente na entrada de dois supermercados da periferia de Porto Alegre, foram intrevistadas por cinco acadêmicos de Medicina. Resultados: Do total de 818 entrevistados, 22,5por cento apresentavam pirose/regurgitaçäo ao menos semanalmente e 42,9por cento referiram apresentar, no mínimo, um episódio mensal de pirose/regurgitaçäo. Cento e quinze (62,5por cento) das 148 pessoas com sintomas semanais já haviam procurado auxilio médico por esse motivo, ante 114 (31,3por cento) dos 364 entrevistados que referiram já ter apresentado sintomas, mas näo semanalmente (p <0,01). Sintomas de refluxo form mais comums entre pessoas de cor negra ou mulatos que na populaçäo branca (53,3por cento vs. 40,8por cento, p <0,01). Näo houve associaçäo entre refluxo e sexo, idade, tabagismo, escolaridade e renda familiar. Conclusäo: Este estudo confirma a alta prevalência de DRGE na populaçäo geral(22,5 por cento), bem como demonstra que a DRGE é um importante motivo de consulta ao médico e realizaçäo de exames em nosso meio, sendo consequentemente uma importante causa da falta ao trabalho e de diminuiçäo de qualidade de vida em nossa populaçäo

Frequência de L.E.R./D.O.R.T. (lesöes por esforço repetitito/distúrbios osteomusculares relacionados ao trabalho, em digitadors de um jornal de Porto Alegre / Repetitive strain injuries among newspaper computer keyboard operators in Porto Alegre

As lesões por esforços repetitivos , ou mais recentemente os denominados distúrbios osteomuculares relacionados ao trabalho abrangem uma série de síndromes das quais a tenossinovite é a mais frequente. Desde 1986 a incidência de L.E.R./D.O.R.T. vem aumentando, provávelmente devido à maior conscientização dos trabalhadores e à capacidade da Medicina em reconhecer o problema. Para a realização deste trabalho, foram avaliados através de um questionário 47 digitadores do serviço de tele-atendimento de um jornal de Porto Alegre. No momento da entrevista dor foi referida por 78,7 por cento dos funcionários e os locais em que ela mais frequentemente ocorria eram: ombros (23,6 por cento), punho (23,6 por cento) e antebraço (18,05 por cento)...

Sensibilidade das provas laboratoriais hepáticas em pacientes com coledocolitíase / Sensitivity of serum liver enzymes in patients with choledocholithiasis

As provas laboratoriais hepáticas são largamente utilizadas no diagnóstico pré-operatório da coledocolitíase. Neste estudo, pretendeu-se verificar sua sensibilidade numa população de pacientes com coledocolitíase submetidos à papilotomia endoscópica através da análise retrospectiva de 223 casos. Todos os pacientes foram submetidos a avaliação funcional hepática préviamente à colangiopancreatografia endoscópica retrógrada...