ABSTRACT
Bacteremia induced by wound myiasis is uncommon and therefore rarely suspected by clinicians when treating patients with neglected wounds. We present a case of Ignatzschineria larvae bacteremia as a complication of Lucilia sp. maggot wound myiasis in a young male migrant. This is the first reported human case of Ignatzschineria bacteremia in Slovenia and one of the 2 described in the literature where the fly larvae infesting the wounds of the patient with Ignatzschineria bacteremia were not only suspected to be Lucilia sp. but also entomologically identified.
Subject(s)
Bacteremia/etiology , Gammaproteobacteria/isolation & purification , Myiasis/complications , Wounds and Injuries/complications , Adolescent , Animals , Bacteremia/microbiology , Diptera/physiology , Female , Gammaproteobacteria/genetics , Gammaproteobacteria/physiology , Humans , Larva/physiology , Male , Myiasis/parasitology , Transients and Migrants , Wounds and Injuries/parasitologyABSTRACT
Mur ligases (MurC-MurF), a group of bacterial enzymes that catalyze four consecutive steps in the formation of cytoplasmic peptidoglycan precursor, are becoming increasingly adopted as targets in antibacterial drug design. Based on the crystal structure of MurD cocrystallized with thiazolidine-2,4-dione inhibitor I, we have designed, synthesized, and evaluated a series of improved glutamic acid containing 5-benzylidenerhodanine and 5-benzylidenethiazolidine-2,4-dione inhibitors of MurD with IC(50) values up to 28 µM. Inhibitor 37, with an IC(50) of 34 µM, displays a weak antibacterial activity against S. aureus ATCC 29213 and E. faecalis ATCC 29212 with minimal inhibitory concentrations of 128 µg/mL. High-resolution crystal structures of MurD in complex with two new inhibitors (compounds 23 and 51) reveal details of their binding modes within the active site and provide valuable information for further structure-based optimization.
Subject(s)
Bacteria/enzymology , Benzylidene Compounds/chemistry , Benzylidene Compounds/pharmacology , Chemistry Techniques, Synthetic , Drug Design , Peptide Synthases/antagonists & inhibitors , Thiazolidines/chemistry , Thiazolidines/pharmacology , Amides/chemistry , Bacteria/drug effects , Benzylidene Compounds/chemical synthesis , Crystallography, X-Ray , Enzyme Inhibitors/chemical synthesis , Enzyme Inhibitors/chemistry , Enzyme Inhibitors/pharmacology , Inhibitory Concentration 50 , Models, Molecular , Molecular Conformation , Peptide Synthases/chemistry , Structure-Activity Relationship , Thiazolidines/chemical synthesis , Uracil/chemistryABSTRACT
Lactococcus garvieae is usually an animal pathogen. Only a few cases of infections in humans have been described. We describe a case of an elderly patient with prosthetic heart valves with a septicaemia without infective endocarditis, and with a favourable clinical course.
Subject(s)
Bacteremia/diagnosis , Bacteremia/etiology , Heart Valve Prosthesis/adverse effects , Lactococcus/isolation & purification , Prosthesis-Related Infections/diagnosis , Prosthesis-Related Infections/etiology , Aged, 80 and over , Bacteremia/therapy , Humans , Male , Prosthesis-Related Infections/therapyABSTRACT
Infectious spondylodiscitis is diagnosed with increasing frequency. It is most commonly caused by Staphylococcus aureus. The aim of the present study was to determine clinical differences between S. aureus and non-S. aureus spondylodiscitis and, by using spa typing, to determine whether certain clones of S. aureus predominate. During the y 2002-2006, 70 patients (45 male, 25 female) were diagnosed with spondylodiscitis and treated at the Department of Infectious Diseases, University Medical Centre Ljubljana. The age range was 13-95 y (mean age 63.4 y). Cultures were positive in 59 (85%) patients; S. aureus was isolated from blood and/or vertebral disc in 42 (60%) and other bacteria were isolated in 17 (25%). In patients with S. aureus spondylodiscitis, the infection was more likely to be haematogenous. These patients were more likely at risk for epidural abscess. Thirty S. aureus isolates from blood were typed with the spa typing molecular method. All of them were methicillin-susceptible. We identified 20 spa types. Seven spa types (t005, t015, t026, t091, t116, t449 and t474) were identified more than once, while 13 were sporadic. Among the sporadic spa types, 6 were newly identified in this study and introduced as new types into the spa server database. A heterogeneity of S. aureus isolates from spondylodiscitis was detected in this study. Thus no specific clone was identified that might be more likely to cause infection of the spine.
