Resilience among bereaved college students: Indicators, facilitators, and barriers.

We adopted a resilience framework to gain a deeper understanding of the specific ways that grief impacts college students and identify specific ways that counselors can promote resilience among this population. Data from interviews with 10 college students were analyzed using grounded theory. Three categories of themes related to promoting resilience among bereaved college students were extracted: indications of what needs to change to be doing OK, factors that facilitate becoming OK, and barriers to the grieving process and becoming OK. The facilitators for and barriers to achieving these indicators of resilience are discussed in the context of navigating bereavement as a college student. Specific recommendations are made for counselors and college personnel.

Developmental Reengagement Without Depression: A Grounded Theory of Resilience Among Bereaved College Students.

Bereavement is considered one of the most stressful experiences that young people face, and there are unique considerations for how this impacts college students. Applying a resilience framework to the experiences of bereaved college students can provide a better understanding of their experiences; however, studies on the ways that these individuals themselves define resilience are extremely limited. Furthermore, no studies to date have considered the intersection between college students' conceptualizations of resilience and the developmental features of emerging adulthood. The authors present the results of a grounded theory study in which 51 bereaved college students completed a questionnaire and 10 were interviewed to identify the age-salient tasks that they use to define resilience. Three primary themes were identified related to resilience: (a) emotional indicators, (b) behavioral indicators, and (c) fixed and/or unidentifiable factors. Findings were analyzed to reveal the bidirectional impact between grief and the developmental features of emerging adulthood.

Toward Pre-Diagnostic Detection of Dementia in Primary Care.

BACKGROUND: Preventing dementia warrants the pragmatic engagement of primary care. OBJECTIVE: This study predicted conversion to dementia 12 months before diagnosis with indicators that primary care can utilize within the practical constraints of routine practice. METHODS: The study analyzed data from the Alzheimer's Disease Neuroimaging Initiative (Total sample = 645, converting participants = 54). It predicted the conversion from biological (plasma neurofilament light chain), cognitive (Trails Making Test- B), and functional (Functional Activities Questionnaire) measures, in addition to demographic variables (age and education). RESULTS: A Gradient Booster Trees classifier effectively predicted the conversion, based on a Synthetic Minority Oversampling Technique (n = 1,290, F1 Score = 92, AUC = 94, Recall = 87, Precision = 97, Accuracy = 92). Subsequent analysis indicated that the MCI False Positive group (i.e., non-converting participants with cognitive impairment flagged by the model for prospective conversion) scored significantly lower on multiple cognitive tests (Montreal Cognitive Assessment, p < 0.002; ADAS-13, p < 0.0004; Rey Auditory Verbal Learning Test, p < 0.002/0.003) than the MCI True Negative group (i.e., correctly classified non-converting participants with cognitive impairment). These groups also differed in CSF tau levels (p < 0.04), while consistent effect size differences emerged in the all-pairwise comparisons of hippocampal volume and CSF Aß1 - 42. CONCLUSION: The model effectively predicted 12-month conversion to dementia and further identified non-converting participants with MCI, in the False Positive group, at relatively higher neurocognitive risk. Future studies may seek to extend these results to earlier prodromal phases. Detection of dementia before diagnosis may be feasible and practical in primary care settings, pending replication of these findings in diverse clinical samples.