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1.
Infant Behav Dev ; 30(4): 685-9, 2007 Dec.
Article in English | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-17599418

ABSTRACT

Three-month-old infants were trained to move a mobile in the presence of a coconut or cherry odor (context). One or 5 days later, the infants were tested for retrieval in the presence of either the same odor, the alternate odor, or no odor. Infants tested with the training odor displayed retention at both intervals; retention was not seen at either interval in the alternate odor or no odor conditions. These data suggest that the odor combines with the mobile to form a compound-stimulus representation of the learned task whose presence after both short (1 day) and long (5 days) intervals is a necessary retrieval cue.


Subject(s)
Memory , Odorants , Smell/physiology , Auditory Perception , Cues , Female , Humans , Infant , Male , Mental Recall , Recognition, Psychology , Visual Perception
2.
J Genet Psychol ; 163(3): 340-59, 2002 Sep.
Article in English | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-12230154

ABSTRACT

Researchers assessed 58 preschoolers' reactions to an unfamiliar person and unfamiliar objects in their familiar home environment. Children participated in a 30-min procedure designed to elicit behavioral inhibition, including (a) a free-play period with a stranger present, (b) a structured interaction with the stranger, and (c) uncertainty-eliciting tasks. Behaviors representing the child's reactions toward the mother, stranger, and novel objects were coded. Mothers completed a temperament scale. Preschoolers exhibited behaviors indicative of inhibition toward unfamiliar social and nonsocial stimuli; behaviors remained stable across increasingly intrusive episodes. The approach/withdrawal component of temperament was related to behavioral inhibition. Individual differences in mood did not appear to be related to differences in inhibition. Parent reported temperament was related to researcher-observed behaviors.


Subject(s)
Child Behavior , Inhibition, Psychological , Interpersonal Relations , Temperament , Affect , Child, Preschool , Female , Humans , Male , New York , Observer Variation , Parents , Reproducibility of Results , Surveys and Questionnaires , Videotape Recording
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