[Hypothalamo-mesencephalic crises in endocrine diseases]. / Gipotalomo-mezéntsefal'nye krizy pri éndokrinnykh zabolevaniiakh.

Altogether 261 patients with different vegetative crises were investigated by clinico-neurologic, electro-, rheo-, echoencephalographic methods. The most frequent causes of crises (in 140 patients) were disorders of the hypothalamic and hypothalamo-mesencephalic sections of the brain. In the rest of the patients crises were caused by neuroses, disorders of the caudal zones of the brain stem and temporal region, pheochromocytoma, insulinoma, primary hyperaldosteronism, hypoparathyroidism and other diseases. Criteria of differential diagnosis of hypothalamic crises and crises in neuroses, disorders of the distal sections of the brain stem and temporal lobe epilepsy were specified. Some new, quite informative clinico-neurological and rheo- and electroencephalographic criteria were proposed for the differentiation of hypothalamic crises and crises in pheochromocytoma, insulinoma and primary hyperaldosteronism.

[Clinico-electromyographic characteristics of spinal cord and peripheral nerve function in diabetic children]. / Kliniko-élektromiograficheskaia kharakteristika funktsional'nogo sostoianiia spinnogo mozga i perifericheskikh nervov u detei, bol'nykh sakharnym diabetom.

By means of stimulating electromyography it was shown that children suffering from diabetes had a decrease in segmental motoneurone stimulation. It was manifested in the in the diminishing ratio of maximum reflex responses of the musculus soleus to the motor ones, in the delay of stimulation recovery, an inhibition of the Achilles tendon reflex. The changes mentioned were less pronounced in children with a history of hypoglycemic comas than in the rest children suffering from diabetes. It is suggested that some of EMG readings (the curve of motoneurone stimulation recovery, duration and asymmetry of the Achilles tendon reflex, rate of nervous impulse transmission may be of value for earlier revealing spinal motoneurone and peripheral nerve injuries in diabetes mellitus.

[Reflex excitability of the spinal centers in patients with diffuse toxic goiter (concerning the pathogenesis of motor disorders)]. / Reflektornaia vozbudimost' spinal'nykh tsentrov u bol'nykh diffuznym toksicheskim zobom (k patogenezu dvigatel'nykh rasstroistv).

Reflex activity of the spinal cord motor centres was studied in patients with diffuse toxic goiter and in healthy persons. Methods of recording N- and M-responses of the soleus muscle were used. It was revealed that the number of motor neurons participating in the reflex reaction was changed; the restoratory cycle of the motor neuron pool was disturbed in double stimulation; inhibition of the H-reflex during the voluntary contraction of the antagonist muscle was diminished. The occuring disturbances were connected with the functional changes both of the segmental spinal cord apparatus and of the supersegmental formations. The extent and the direction of the detected disturbances are determined by the presence or the absence of affection of the mesodiencephalic formations on the patients under study and failed to depend on the severity of the disease.

[Characteristics of development of diabetic neuropathy depending on sex of diabetic patients]. / Osobennosti razvitiia diabeticheskoi neuropatii v zavisimosti ot pola bol'nykh sakharnym diabetom.

The authors present the results of clinico-neurological study on 3976 patients suffering from diabetes with the use of electrophysiological, biochemical and other methods. As revealed, the sex of diabetic patients, particularly at definite age periods produced a significant influence on the time of occurrence and the rate of development of various types of the central and peripheral neuropathy. Thus, at the age of under 30 years almost all the types of diabetic neuropathy originated earlier and developed more rapidly in women, and after the age of 50 years some of these types of neuropathies were more frequent and more pronounced in men. No significant differences in the incidence of many types of diabetic neuropathy were revealed at the age of from 30 to 50 years both in men and in women. The mentioned regularity was most distinctly traced in analysis of distal pelyneuropathy. A hypothesis is put forward on the causes inducing peculiarities of the diabetic neuropathy development depending on the sex factor.

[Plasma testosterone levels of diabetic men]. / Uroven' testosterona v plazme krovi muzhcin, bol'nykh sakharnym diabetom

The authors present the results of clinico-sexological study in 57 patients suffering from diabetes and in 12 apparently healthy men in whom blood plasma testosterone content was studied. The patients with diabetes displayed a significant reduction in the testosterone concentration with the advance of the patients' age, increased duration and severity of diabetes, and also its inadequate compensation during the disease in the presence of microangiopathy and peripheral neuropathy. The role of diabetic metabolic, vascular and innervational disturbances in reduction of the androgenic function of the testes in diabetics was demonstrated. In patients with the late stages of progressive impotence the level of testosterone was sharply decreased. This fall was less pronounced in the patients at the stage of the initial disturbances. It was revealed that the androgenic insufficiency of the testes was of great significance in the complicated pathogenesis of impotence in diabetes. Recommendations are presented on the prophylaxis of androgenic insufficiency of the testes in diabetes, and on the use of the testosterone preparations in the general complex therapy of impotence of men suffering from diabetes.