[Chief risk factors of ischemic heart disease and mortality of the middle-aged male population of Kaunas]. / Osnovnye faktory riska ishemicheskoi bolezni serdtsa i smertnost' muzhskogo naseleniia srednego vozrasta Kaunasa.

A prospective study, averaging 11 years, of a representative sample of 2455 male residents of Kaunas between 45 and 59 years of age has explored relationships between coronary risk factors and mortality due to coronary heart disease (CHD), cancer, injuries, as well as total mortality rates. An original analytical approach has been developed for the analysis of associations between individual risk factors and mortality that allows to exclude the effects of age and other examined factors. A marked relationship has been demonstrated between: coronary mortality and age, arterial blood pressure, cholesterol, glucose tolerance, smoking, body weight, the presence and clinical form of CHD; cancer-related mortality, and age or smoking; traumatic mortality and smoking; total mortality and age, arterial blood pressure, glucose tolerance, body weight, smoking, and the presence and type of CHD.

[Relation of arterial pressure, blood cholesterol and glucose tolerance to body weight (based on data from a population preventive study)]. / Otsenka zavisimosti arterial'nogo davleniia, soderzhaniia kholesterinav krovi i tolerantnosti k gliukoze ot massy tela (po dannym populiatsionnogo profilakticheskogo issledovaniia).

The relationship of arterial blood pressure and blood levels of cholesterol and glucose (1 hour after a 75 g glucose load) to body weight was assessed. Body weight can be used as an easily-measurable indicator of the efficacy of preventive measures with respect to the above-mentioned coronary risk factors. The data were derived from a study of 6109 males, aged 40-59, carried out within a cooperative multifactorial coronary disease prevention program in Kaunas. The degree of correlation was assessed on the basis of single examinations, and the variation of the levels of the risk factors in question was examined in relation to changes in body weight over a period of time. Quantitative estimates of change in blood pressure and blood cholesterol and glucose levels corresponding to a weight change of 1 kg were obtained.

A lowering of the risk of ischaemic heart disease among the population (according to the results of the Kaunas preventive study).

Out of the total number of 2455 individuals who had passed a primary screening, a group of men aged 45--59 years, with average (borderline) values of arterial pressure (AP), serum cholesterol (CH), and glucose levels after the glucose load, was selected for studies of potential lowering of the level of risk factors of ischaemic heart prevention. The enrollment of the probands lasted 9.4 months on the average (+/- 6.0 months); the preventive double-blind study proper lasted 12 months. The levels of the three specified risk factors sank both during the enrollment period and during the proper 1-year preventive therapy period. The risk factor levels were substantially lowered both in consequence of repetitive regular examinations and by the action of drug treatment (this applies especially to the CH level). In the evaluation of the results of the preventive study, therefore, also the effects of the lowering of the AP and of the CH and glucose levels even to the average values have to be taken into account. The results of the preventive study confirm that it is possible to lower the risk of IHD among the population.

[Risk of ischemic heart disease development in 45- to 59-year-old men. The results of a 5-year observation in the Kaunas population study]. / Risk razvitiia ishemicheskoi bolezni serdtsa u 45-59-letnikh muzhchin. Rezul'taty 5-letnego nabliudeniia Kaunasskogo populiatsionnogo issledovaniia.

The possibility of prognosticating the development of ischemic heart disease in persons clinically healthy in respect of this illness was studied. The data on 1,977 males were used, among whom, according to the registers of myocardial infarction and deaths, 34 had suffered from ischemic heart disease in a follow-up period of 5 years. The prognosis was made on the basis of logistic function and the following 6 signs: age, systolic pressure, cholesterol content, smoking, blood sugar level, body mass index. In the upper decile of the assessment of the probability of ischemic heart disease development, 47% of cases with this disease were encountered, i. e. 10% of clinically healthy individuals were distinguished among whom the risk of the development of ischemic heart disease was 8 times that among the remaining persons (0.081 and 0.01, respectively).