ABSTRACT
Temporary electrical cardiac pacing in the conditions of air medical service was used in 183 patients with myocardial infarction complicated with life threatening disturbances of cardiac rhythm and conduction. Immediate results of treatment, complications, and causes of lethal outcomes are presented. Two groups of patients were distinguished: in which traditional and improved by authors methods of temporary electrical pacing were employed. It was established that the use in urgent situations of improved techniques of control of endocardial electrode position, transesophageal, cutaneous, and atrial dependent endocardial ventricular electrical pacing allowed to decrease number of complications 2.6 times, and to lower mortality in acute period of myocardial infarction by 12.8%.
Subject(s)
Air Ambulances , Cardiac Pacing, Artificial/methods , Myocardial Infarction/mortality , Myocardial Infarction/therapy , Acute Disease , Adult , Aged , Aged, 80 and over , Female , Humans , Male , Middle Aged , Treatment OutcomeABSTRACT
Criteria of selection of a type of protection against paroxysmal supraventricular tachycardia were studied in 38 patients with permanent dual-chamber cardiac pacing. Three types of protection were distinguished. Criteria for their selection were presence of "pacemaker syndrome", state of chronotropic function of the heart, frequency of attacks of supraventricular tachycardia, results of modeling of pathological atrial activity. During follow-up after programming of optimal type of protection of dual-chamber pacing (mean duration 5.1 years) chronic supraventricular tachycardia developed in 13.5% of patients, survival was 89.2%.
Subject(s)
Cardiac Pacing, Artificial/methods , Pacemaker, Artificial , Software , Tachycardia, Paroxysmal/prevention & control , Tachycardia, Supraventricular/prevention & control , Cardiac Pacing, Artificial/adverse effects , Female , Follow-Up Studies , Humans , Male , Middle Aged , Tachycardia, Paroxysmal/etiology , Tachycardia, Supraventricular/etiologyABSTRACT
The technology of x-ray W-Al multilayer mirrors with an angular reflection width of more than 0.4 degrees at a 1.54-A wavelength is developed. On this basis an x-ray scanner is constructed. We show experimentally the possibility of object-transfer imaging with a resolution of ~20 mum.
ABSTRACT
The authors had 110 patients with heart injuries (HI) under observation. The blood loss was, 1,092 +/- 120 ml in isolated HI and 2,410 +/- 246 ml in combined HI. Blood reinfusion (BR) was performed during 91 operations, the average volume was 1,233 +/- 215 ml. The peculiarities of reinfusion techniques are analysed and its advantages and shortcomings are critically appraised. The causes of fatal outcomes are shown according to the character of the heart damage and the volumes of blood loss and reinfusion. Mortality in HI with the use of BR was 16.5%.
Subject(s)
Blood Transfusion, Autologous , Heart Injuries/surgery , Wounds, Penetrating/surgery , Wounds, Stab/surgery , Adolescent , Adult , Child , Evaluation Studies as Topic , Female , Heart Injuries/mortality , Humans , Male , Middle AgedABSTRACT
The authors observed and helped 157 patients with multiple trauma of the chest. Trauma shock was observed in 97 of them. A clinical classification of such injuries is proposed. Main combinations of injuries of internal organs have been found. Surgical tactics is considered.
