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1.
Bol. ind. anim. (Impr.) ; 71: 47-47, 2014.
Article in English | LILACS-Express | VETINDEX | ID: biblio-1466628

ABSTRACT

One of the main characteristics to evaluate in selective breeding is semen quality. However, factors related to the animal itself, such as age, and the environment can influence reproductive traits. Good semen quality assures a faster return on investment in sheep farming by allowing better selection of males used as breeding stock to enhance reproductive efficiency of the herd, since males with good sexual performance and high fertility probably will beget a greater number of ewes in a shorter period of time. This study aimed to evaluate the effect of age on the semen quality of rams of the Morada Nova breed. The experiment was conducted at the Instituto de Zootecnia de Nova Odessa in São Paulo state, Brazil, in the period from March to May 2014. Twenty-four rams were used for monthly evaluation, with ages of 18±2 (n = 12) and 30±2 months (n = 12). The ejaculate from each animal was collected with an artificial vagina with the aid of a female in estrus, for further evaluation as to the volume, aspect, whirling, motility and sperm vigor. Then the sperm concentration and morphology were determined in wet slides. Means were compared by the t-test and chi-square test using the SAS software (SAS Inst., Inc., Cary, NC). There was no difference (P>0.05) for volume, concentration/mL, total concentration, coiled tails, decapitation and distal protoplasmic droplets. The variables whi


O artigo não possui resumo em português.

2.
B. Indústr. Anim. ; 71: 47-47, 2014.
Article in English | VETINDEX | ID: vti-467770

ABSTRACT

One of the main characteristics to evaluate in selective breeding is semen quality. However, factors related to the animal itself, such as age, and the environment can influence reproductive traits. Good semen quality assures a faster return on investment in sheep farming by allowing better selection of males used as breeding stock to enhance reproductive efficiency of the herd, since males with good sexual performance and high fertility probably will beget a greater number of ewes in a shorter period of time. This study aimed to evaluate the effect of age on the semen quality of rams of the Morada Nova breed. The experiment was conducted at the Instituto de Zootecnia de Nova Odessa in São Paulo state, Brazil, in the period from March to May 2014. Twenty-four rams were used for monthly evaluation, with ages of 18±2 (n = 12) and 30±2 months (n = 12). The ejaculate from each animal was collected with an artificial vagina with the aid of a female in estrus, for further evaluation as to the volume, aspect, whirling, motility and sperm vigor. Then the sperm concentration and morphology were determined in wet slides. Means were compared by the t-test and chi-square test using the SAS software (SAS Inst., Inc., Cary, NC). There was no difference (P>0.05) for volume, concentration/mL, total concentration, coiled tails, decapitation and distal protoplasmic droplets. The variables whi


O artigo não possui resumo em português.

3.
Bol. ind. anim. (Impr.) ; 69: 2-2, 2012.
Article in Portuguese | LILACS-Express | VETINDEX | ID: biblio-1466460

ABSTRACT

The productivity of forage grasses is due to continuous emission of leaves and tillers, ensuring the restoration of leaf área after cutting or grazing, thus ensuring the sustainability of forage. This study aimed to asses the total number tillers in different acessions of Panicum maximum Jacq. The experiment was carried in field belonging to the Instituto de Zootecnia located in Nova Odessa / SP. Evaluated two new accesses Panicum maximum, and two commercial cultivars. The cultivars tested were Aruana, Milenio, NO 2487, NO 78, and the two latter belonging to the Germoplasm Collection of the IZ. The experimental desing was in randomized complete block with four replications. The experimental area consisted of 16 plots of 10 m2 (5 x 2 m) each. The experimental area was analyzed and according to the results, received dolomitic limestone corresponding 2t /ha, two months before the implementation of the experiment. Sowing was made by broad costing together with 80 kg/ha of P2O5 in the form of single superphosfate. After 60 days of implantation of the experiment it was a made a leveling of the plots to a height of about 15 cm. After this it was applied 250g of the 20-00-20 fertilizer/plot. Thirty days after the standardization it was evaluated the total number of tillers of the cultivars, using a metal frame of 0.5 x 0.5m which was thrown at random on each of the 16 plots, leaving on


ês.

4.
B. Indústr. Anim. ; 69: 2-2, 2012.
Article in Portuguese | VETINDEX | ID: vti-467478

ABSTRACT

The productivity of forage grasses is due to continuous emission of leaves and tillers, ensuring the restoration of leaf área after cutting or grazing, thus ensuring the sustainability of forage. This study aimed to asses the total number tillers in different acessions of Panicum maximum Jacq. The experiment was carried in field belonging to the Instituto de Zootecnia located in Nova Odessa / SP. Evaluated two new accesses Panicum maximum, and two commercial cultivars. The cultivars tested were Aruana, Milenio, NO 2487, NO 78, and the two latter belonging to the Germoplasm Collection of the IZ. The experimental desing was in randomized complete block with four replications. The experimental area consisted of 16 plots of 10 m2 (5 x 2 m) each. The experimental area was analyzed and according to the results, received dolomitic limestone corresponding 2t /ha, two months before the implementation of the experiment. Sowing was made by broad costing together with 80 kg/ha of P2O5 in the form of single superphosfate. After 60 days of implantation of the experiment it was a made a leveling of the plots to a height of about 15 cm. After this it was applied 250g of the 20-00-20 fertilizer/plot. Thirty days after the standardization it was evaluated the total number of tillers of the cultivars, using a metal frame of 0.5 x 0.5m which was thrown at random on each of the 16 plots, leaving on


ês.

5.
Bol. ind. anim. (Impr.) ; 62(4): 333-346, 2005.
Article in Portuguese | LILACS-Express | VETINDEX | ID: biblio-1466242

ABSTRACT

Aiming to evaluate the effect of nitrogen fertilization (0; 150; 300 and 450 kg/ha/ year of N) on the agronomical and morphological characteristics of Panicum maximum Jacq. cv. IPR-86 Milênio, four grazing cycles were evaluated (GC) with five days of occupation and 35 days of rest period. The total dry mass of forage and of blades in the pre-grazing showed quadratic responses in function of nitrogen application, with maximum productions of 6709 and 3386 kg/ ha/cycle, respectively. The dry mass of stems and senescent material in the pre-grazing increased lineally with nitrogen. In the postgrazing, the nitrogen increased the total dry mass, the stems and the senescent material. LAI in pre and postgrazing, the dry mass of blades and the tillers number in the pre-grazing were higher in GC1 and GC2 (29/11/01 to 17/02/02) than in GC4 (29/03/02 to 08/05/02). LAI in the pre-grazing and the tillers density responded in a quadratic watter to N application, with maximum values of 6,28 and 190 tillers m-2, respectively. The maximum amount of dry mass of blades, maximum LAI and maximum tillers number of grass were estimated in 320; 342 and 263 kg ha-1 of N, respectively.


Objetivou-se avaliar o efeito de doses de N (0; 150; 300 e 450 kg/ha/ano) nas caracter ísticas agronômicas e morfológicas do Panicum maximum Jacq. cv. IPR-86 Milênio. Foram avaliados quatro ciclos de pastejo (CP) com cinco dias de ocupação e 35 dias de descanso em cada ciclo. A matéria seca total de forragem e a de lâminas no pré-pastejo apresentaram resposta quadrática em função da aplicação de nitrogênio, com produções máximas de 6.709 e 3.386 kg/ha/ciclo, respectivamente. A matéria seca de colmos e de material senescente no pré-pastejo aumentaram linearmente com as doses de N. No pós-pastejo, o nitrogênio aumentou a matéria seca total, a de colmos e a de material senescente. O IAF no pré e pós-pastejo, a matéria seca de lâminas e o número de perfilhos no pré-pastejo foram maiores nos CP1 e CP2 (29/11/01 a 17/02/02) do que no CP4 (29/03/02 a 08/05/02). O IAF no pré-pastejo e a densidade de perfilhos apresentaram resposta quadrática à aplicação de N, com valores máximos de 6,28 e 190 perfilhos m-2, respectivamente. A quantidade máxima de matéria seca de lâminas, o IAF máximo e o número máximo de perfilhos da gramínea foram obtidos com as doses de 320; 342 e 263 kg ha-1 de N, respectivamente.

6.
B. Indústr. Anim. ; 62(4): 333-346, 2005.
Article in Portuguese | VETINDEX | ID: vti-467763

ABSTRACT

Aiming to evaluate the effect of nitrogen fertilization (0; 150; 300 and 450 kg/ha/ year of N) on the agronomical and morphological characteristics of Panicum maximum Jacq. cv. IPR-86 Milênio, four grazing cycles were evaluated (GC) with five days of occupation and 35 days of rest period. The total dry mass of forage and of blades in the pre-grazing showed quadratic responses in function of nitrogen application, with maximum productions of 6709 and 3386 kg/ ha/cycle, respectively. The dry mass of stems and senescent material in the pre-grazing increased lineally with nitrogen. In the postgrazing, the nitrogen increased the total dry mass, the stems and the senescent material. LAI in pre and postgrazing, the dry mass of blades and the tillers number in the pre-grazing were higher in GC1 and GC2 (29/11/01 to 17/02/02) than in GC4 (29/03/02 to 08/05/02). LAI in the pre-grazing and the tillers density responded in a quadratic watter to N application, with maximum values of 6,28 and 190 tillers m-2, respectively. The maximum amount of dry mass of blades, maximum LAI and maximum tillers number of grass were estimated in 320; 342 and 263 kg ha-1 of N, respectively.


Objetivou-se avaliar o efeito de doses de N (0; 150; 300 e 450 kg/ha/ano) nas caracter ísticas agronômicas e morfológicas do Panicum maximum Jacq. cv. IPR-86 Milênio. Foram avaliados quatro ciclos de pastejo (CP) com cinco dias de ocupação e 35 dias de descanso em cada ciclo. A matéria seca total de forragem e a de lâminas no pré-pastejo apresentaram resposta quadrática em função da aplicação de nitrogênio, com produções máximas de 6.709 e 3.386 kg/ha/ciclo, respectivamente. A matéria seca de colmos e de material senescente no pré-pastejo aumentaram linearmente com as doses de N. No pós-pastejo, o nitrogênio aumentou a matéria seca total, a de colmos e a de material senescente. O IAF no pré e pós-pastejo, a matéria seca de lâminas e o número de perfilhos no pré-pastejo foram maiores nos CP1 e CP2 (29/11/01 a 17/02/02) do que no CP4 (29/03/02 a 08/05/02). O IAF no pré-pastejo e a densidade de perfilhos apresentaram resposta quadrática à aplicação de N, com valores máximos de 6,28 e 190 perfilhos m-2, respectivamente. A quantidade máxima de matéria seca de lâminas, o IAF máximo e o número máximo de perfilhos da gramínea foram obtidos com as doses de 320; 342 e 263 kg ha-1 de N, respectivamente.

7.
Sci. agric. ; 59(3)2002.
Article in English | VETINDEX | ID: vti-439677

ABSTRACT

Animal performance is the most direct measure in the evaluation of feed quality. However, performance data are often insufficient to determine possible interactions that may take place in the ruminal environment. The purpose of the present trial was to evaluate the possible associative effects on the concentrations of volatile fatty acids (VFAs), ammoniacal nitrogen (N-NH3) and pH in the remaining liquid fraction from the dry matter (DM) digestion for exclusive roughages: sugarcane (SC), 60- (EG60) and 180-day elephantgrass (EG180), and corn silage (SIL), as well as for combined roughages: sugarcane+corn silage (SCSIL), sugarcane+60-day elephantgrass (SCEG60), sugarcane+180-day elephantgrass (SCEG180), corn silage+60-day elephantgrass (SILEG60), corn silage+180-day elephantgrass (SILEG180) associated at equal DM proportions (50%). These associative effects present positive or negative effects on bovine performance. Concentrations of VFAs and N-NH3, as well as pH for the treatments were, respectively: SC= 56.9 mmol L-1, 50.1 mg dL-1, 5.7; SCSIL= 61.4 mmol L-1, 50.7 mg dL-1, 5.8; SCEG60= 54.7 mmol L-1, 47.6 mg dL-1, 5.8; SCEG180= 45.4 mmol L-1, 49.4 mg dL-1, 6.0; SIL= 57.2 mmol L-1, 54.0 mg dL-1, 5.8; SILEG60= 57.1 mmol L-1, 53.1 mg dL-1, 5.9; SILEG180= 55.9 mmol L-1, 52.3 mg dL-1, 6.0; EG60= 58.1 mmol L-1, 49.4 mg dL-1, 5.9; and EG180= 44.0 mmol L-1, 46.4 mg dL-1, 6.1. Nonstructural carbohydrates and starch, associated with fiber and protein, contributed to positive associative effect on the 50:50 sugarcane/corn silage mixtures. The high fermentative aspect of such mixture may have promoted the best results in bovine performance.


O desempenho animal é a medida mais direta de se avaliar a qualidade dos alimentos. Entretanto, dados de desempenho são insuficientes para se detectar as possíveis interações que possam ocorrer no ambiente ruminal. O objetivo do presente trabalho foi avaliar os possíveis efeitos associativos nas concentrações de ácidos graxos voláteis (AGVs), nitrogênio amoniacal (N-NH3) e pH da fração líquida remanescente da digestão da matéria seca (MS) de volumosos exclusivos (cana-de-açúcar= CN; capim-elefante com 60 dias= CP60 e 180 dias= CP180 de crescimento; e silagem de milho= SIL) e suas combinações (cana-de-açúcar+silagem de milho= CNSIL; cana-de-açúcar+capim-elefante-60d= CNCP60; cana-de-açúcar+capim-elefante-180d= CNCP180; silagem de milho+capim-elefante-60d= SILCP60; silagem de milho+capim-elefante-180d= SILCP180) na proporção de 50% na MS, que levam a resultados de desempenhos positivos ou negativos de bovinos. As concentrações de AGVs, N-NH3 e pH dos tratamentos foram: CN= 56,9 mmol L-1, 50,1 mg dL-1, 5,7; CNSIL= 61,4 mmol L-1, 50,7 mg dL-1, 5,8; CNCP60= 54,7 mmol L-1, 47,6 mg dL-1, 5,8; CNCP180= 45,4 mmol L-1, 49,4 mg dL-1, 6,0; SIL= 57,2 mmol L-1, 54,0 mg dL-1, 5,8; SILCP60= 57,1 mmol L-1, 53,1 mg dL-1, 5,9; SILCP180= 55,9 mmol L-1, 52,3 mg dL-1, 6,0; CP60= 58,1 mmol L-1, 49,4 mg dL-1, 5,9; CP180= 44,0 mmol L-1, 46,4 mg dL-1, 6,1. Os carboidratos não estruturais e amido, aliados à fibra e proteína, contribuíram para que ocorresse o efeito associativo positivo na mistura 50:50 cana/silagem. Isso pode ter propiciado os melhores resultados de desempenho em bovinos devido ao elevado padrão fermentativo.

8.
Sci. agric. ; 59(2)2002.
Article in Portuguese | VETINDEX | ID: vti-439625

ABSTRACT

Elephantgrass (Pennisetum purpureum Schum.) is a tropical grass of high dry matter accumulation capacity, but its nutritive value is strongly influenced by its maturity. Considering the cellular wall intrinsic nature of different parts of the plant, the knowledge of its rates and degradation extent allow the determination of which component and which maturity stage affects its digestion. Therefore, the objective of this trial was to evaluate the elephantgrass CV Napier dry matter (DM) degradability by the in vitro/gas technique, with cuts from 45 to 105 days, with intervals of 10 days between cuts. A decrease was noticed in the elephantgrass fraction degradability with the stage maturity progress. The DM degradability regression coefficients estimated of the digestion remaining residue for leaves and stems were 0.51 and 0.89, respectively. For leaves and stems fiber degradability in neutral detergent (NDF) the regression coefficients were 0.82 and 0.92, respectively. For the total gas production the regression coefficient for leaves was 0.56 and for stems 0.90. In general, the elephantgrass stems, in relation to the progress of vegetative maturity, presented larger influence on the decrease of the DM and NDF degradability than the leaves. The progress in the elephantgrass maturity stage affects directly the stem and leave degradabilities. This is more accentuated for stems due to the more intense cellular wall lignification.


O capim-elefante (Pennisetum purpureum Schum.) é uma gramínea tropical de elevada capacidade de acumulação de matéria seca, mas seu valor nutritivo é acentuadamente influenciado pela maturidade. Considerando a natureza intrínseca da parede celular nas diferentes partes da planta, o conhecimento de suas taxas e extensões de degradação permite a determinação de qual componente e qual estágio de maturidade que afeta sua digestão. Portanto, o objetivo deste trabalho foi avaliar a degradabilidade da matéria seca (MS) do capim-elefante cv. Napier, pelo método in vitro/gás, com cortes de 45 a 105 dias a intervalos de 10 dias entre os cortes. Notou-se decréscimo na degradabilidade das frações do capim-elefante com o avanço do estágio de maturidade. Os coeficientes de regressão da degradabilidade da MS estimados pelo resíduo remanescente da digestão para folhas e hastes foram 0,51 e 0,89, respectivamente. Para degradabilidade da fibra em detergente neutro (FDN) os coeficientes de regressão para folhas e hastes foram 0,82 e 0,92, respectivamente. Na produção total de gás os coeficientes de regressão para folhas foi de 0,56 e 0,90 para hastes. Em geral, a haste do capim-elefante, com o avanço da maturidade vegetativa, apresentou maior influência no decréscimo da degradabilidade da MS e da FDN que as folhas. O avanço no estágio de maturidade do capim-elefante afeta diretamente a degradabilidade das hastes e das folhas. Isto é mais acentuado para hastes devido a elevada lignificação da parede celular.

9.
Acta Sci. Anim. Sci. ; 24: 1155-1161, 2002.
Article in Portuguese | VETINDEX | ID: vti-724698

ABSTRACT

This experiment was carried out in glasshouse, Alfalfa, Medicago sativa L. (Poaceae), was cultivated in Typical Mapluolox soil. The study aimed at evaluating the agronomic efficiency index (AEI) of Gafsa phosphate (GP) and of GP with gypsum application before and after liming compared to triple superphosphate (TS), at the rates of 50, 100 and 200 mg P dm-3, as well as relating soil nutrients with the treatments and with the nutrient symptoms. Three sowings were made. All GP combinations presented a very low AEI during the first sowing and high in third sowing. A higher soil phosphorus concentration was obtained with GP than TS only after ultimate harvest. Liming before or after phosphate fertilization had similar responses on soil phosphorus concentration. Phosphorus deficiency occasioned reduced growth and purple stem. Symptoms of manganese toxicity were characterized by a yellow and purple color in the leave borders. The efficiency of GP increased with the time.


A alfafa Medicago sativa L. (Poaceae), foi cultivada em vasos, utilizando Latossolo Vermelho-amarelo Álico. O objetivo do trabalho foi avaliar o índice de eficiência agronômico (IEA) do fosfato de Gafsa (FG) e do FG com gesso, aplicados antes e após a calagem em relação ao superfosfato triplo (ST), nas doses de 50, 100 e 200 mg P dm-3; e relacionar os nutrientes do solo com os tratamentos e com os sintomas nutricionais. Foram realizadas três semeaduras. O IEA foi baixo na primeira e alto na terceira semeadura; o teor de fósforo no solo apresentou-se maior com o FG comparado ao ST somente após o último corte; o momento de calagem não interferiu na concentração de fósforo no solo; a deficiência de fósforo causou crescimento reduzido e arroxeamento de hastes, enquanto que o excesso de manganês ocasionou amarelecimento e arroxeamento das bordas das folhas; a eficiência do FG aumentou com o tempo.

10.
Sci. agric ; 59(2)2002.
Article in Portuguese | LILACS-Express | VETINDEX | ID: biblio-1496179

ABSTRACT

Elephantgrass (Pennisetum purpureum Schum.) is a tropical grass of high dry matter accumulation capacity, but its nutritive value is strongly influenced by its maturity. Considering the cellular wall intrinsic nature of different parts of the plant, the knowledge of its rates and degradation extent allow the determination of which component and which maturity stage affects its digestion. Therefore, the objective of this trial was to evaluate the elephantgrass CV Napier dry matter (DM) degradability by the in vitro/gas technique, with cuts from 45 to 105 days, with intervals of 10 days between cuts. A decrease was noticed in the elephantgrass fraction degradability with the stage maturity progress. The DM degradability regression coefficients estimated of the digestion remaining residue for leaves and stems were 0.51 and 0.89, respectively. For leaves and stems fiber degradability in neutral detergent (NDF) the regression coefficients were 0.82 and 0.92, respectively. For the total gas production the regression coefficient for leaves was 0.56 and for stems 0.90. In general, the elephantgrass stems, in relation to the progress of vegetative maturity, presented larger influence on the decrease of the DM and NDF degradability than the leaves. The progress in the elephantgrass maturity stage affects directly the stem and leave degradabilities. This is more accentuated for stems due to the more intense cellular wall lignification.


O capim-elefante (Pennisetum purpureum Schum.) é uma gramínea tropical de elevada capacidade de acumulação de matéria seca, mas seu valor nutritivo é acentuadamente influenciado pela maturidade. Considerando a natureza intrínseca da parede celular nas diferentes partes da planta, o conhecimento de suas taxas e extensões de degradação permite a determinação de qual componente e qual estágio de maturidade que afeta sua digestão. Portanto, o objetivo deste trabalho foi avaliar a degradabilidade da matéria seca (MS) do capim-elefante cv. Napier, pelo método in vitro/gás, com cortes de 45 a 105 dias a intervalos de 10 dias entre os cortes. Notou-se decréscimo na degradabilidade das frações do capim-elefante com o avanço do estágio de maturidade. Os coeficientes de regressão da degradabilidade da MS estimados pelo resíduo remanescente da digestão para folhas e hastes foram 0,51 e 0,89, respectivamente. Para degradabilidade da fibra em detergente neutro (FDN) os coeficientes de regressão para folhas e hastes foram 0,82 e 0,92, respectivamente. Na produção total de gás os coeficientes de regressão para folhas foi de 0,56 e 0,90 para hastes. Em geral, a haste do capim-elefante, com o avanço da maturidade vegetativa, apresentou maior influência no decréscimo da degradabilidade da MS e da FDN que as folhas. O avanço no estágio de maturidade do capim-elefante afeta diretamente a degradabilidade das hastes e das folhas. Isto é mais acentuado para hastes devido a elevada lignificação da parede celular.

11.
Sci. agric ; 59(3)2002.
Article in English | LILACS-Express | VETINDEX | ID: biblio-1496232

ABSTRACT

Animal performance is the most direct measure in the evaluation of feed quality. However, performance data are often insufficient to determine possible interactions that may take place in the ruminal environment. The purpose of the present trial was to evaluate the possible associative effects on the concentrations of volatile fatty acids (VFAs), ammoniacal nitrogen (N-NH3) and pH in the remaining liquid fraction from the dry matter (DM) digestion for exclusive roughages: sugarcane (SC), 60- (EG60) and 180-day elephantgrass (EG180), and corn silage (SIL), as well as for combined roughages: sugarcane+corn silage (SCSIL), sugarcane+60-day elephantgrass (SCEG60), sugarcane+180-day elephantgrass (SCEG180), corn silage+60-day elephantgrass (SILEG60), corn silage+180-day elephantgrass (SILEG180) associated at equal DM proportions (50%). These associative effects present positive or negative effects on bovine performance. Concentrations of VFAs and N-NH3, as well as pH for the treatments were, respectively: SC= 56.9 mmol L-1, 50.1 mg dL-1, 5.7; SCSIL= 61.4 mmol L-1, 50.7 mg dL-1, 5.8; SCEG60= 54.7 mmol L-1, 47.6 mg dL-1, 5.8; SCEG180= 45.4 mmol L-1, 49.4 mg dL-1, 6.0; SIL= 57.2 mmol L-1, 54.0 mg dL-1, 5.8; SILEG60= 57.1 mmol L-1, 53.1 mg dL-1, 5.9; SILEG180= 55.9 mmol L-1, 52.3 mg dL-1, 6.0; EG60= 58.1 mmol L-1, 49.4 mg dL-1, 5.9; and EG180= 44.0 mmol L-1, 46.4 mg dL-1, 6.1. Nonstructural carbohydrates and starch, associated with fiber and protein, contributed to positive associative effect on the 50:50 sugarcane/corn silage mixtures. The high fermentative aspect of such mixture may have promoted the best results in bovine performance.


O desempenho animal é a medida mais direta de se avaliar a qualidade dos alimentos. Entretanto, dados de desempenho são insuficientes para se detectar as possíveis interações que possam ocorrer no ambiente ruminal. O objetivo do presente trabalho foi avaliar os possíveis efeitos associativos nas concentrações de ácidos graxos voláteis (AGVs), nitrogênio amoniacal (N-NH3) e pH da fração líquida remanescente da digestão da matéria seca (MS) de volumosos exclusivos (cana-de-açúcar= CN; capim-elefante com 60 dias= CP60 e 180 dias= CP180 de crescimento; e silagem de milho= SIL) e suas combinações (cana-de-açúcar+silagem de milho= CNSIL; cana-de-açúcar+capim-elefante-60d= CNCP60; cana-de-açúcar+capim-elefante-180d= CNCP180; silagem de milho+capim-elefante-60d= SILCP60; silagem de milho+capim-elefante-180d= SILCP180) na proporção de 50% na MS, que levam a resultados de desempenhos positivos ou negativos de bovinos. As concentrações de AGVs, N-NH3 e pH dos tratamentos foram: CN= 56,9 mmol L-1, 50,1 mg dL-1, 5,7; CNSIL= 61,4 mmol L-1, 50,7 mg dL-1, 5,8; CNCP60= 54,7 mmol L-1, 47,6 mg dL-1, 5,8; CNCP180= 45,4 mmol L-1, 49,4 mg dL-1, 6,0; SIL= 57,2 mmol L-1, 54,0 mg dL-1, 5,8; SILCP60= 57,1 mmol L-1, 53,1 mg dL-1, 5,9; SILCP180= 55,9 mmol L-1, 52,3 mg dL-1, 6,0; CP60= 58,1 mmol L-1, 49,4 mg dL-1, 5,9; CP180= 44,0 mmol L-1, 46,4 mg dL-1, 6,1. Os carboidratos não estruturais e amido, aliados à fibra e proteína, contribuíram para que ocorresse o efeito associativo positivo na mistura 50:50 cana/silagem. Isso pode ter propiciado os melhores resultados de desempenho em bovinos devido ao elevado padrão fermentativo.

12.
Acta sci., Anim. sci ; 24: 1155-1161, 2002.
Article in Portuguese | LILACS-Express | VETINDEX | ID: biblio-1458714

ABSTRACT

This experiment was carried out in glasshouse, Alfalfa, Medicago sativa L. (Poaceae), was cultivated in Typical Mapluolox soil. The study aimed at evaluating the agronomic efficiency index (AEI) of Gafsa phosphate (GP) and of GP with gypsum application before and after liming compared to triple superphosphate (TS), at the rates of 50, 100 and 200 mg P dm-3, as well as relating soil nutrients with the treatments and with the nutrient symptoms. Three sowings were made. All GP combinations presented a very low AEI during the first sowing and high in third sowing. A higher soil phosphorus concentration was obtained with GP than TS only after ultimate harvest. Liming before or after phosphate fertilization had similar responses on soil phosphorus concentration. Phosphorus deficiency occasioned reduced growth and purple stem. Symptoms of manganese toxicity were characterized by a yellow and purple color in the leave borders. The efficiency of GP increased with the time.


A alfafa Medicago sativa L. (Poaceae), foi cultivada em vasos, utilizando Latossolo Vermelho-amarelo Álico. O objetivo do trabalho foi avaliar o índice de eficiência agronômico (IEA) do fosfato de Gafsa (FG) e do FG com gesso, aplicados antes e após a calagem em relação ao superfosfato triplo (ST), nas doses de 50, 100 e 200 mg P dm-3; e relacionar os nutrientes do solo com os tratamentos e com os sintomas nutricionais. Foram realizadas três semeaduras. O IEA foi baixo na primeira e alto na terceira semeadura; o teor de fósforo no solo apresentou-se maior com o FG comparado ao ST somente após o último corte; o momento de calagem não interferiu na concentração de fósforo no solo; a deficiência de fósforo causou crescimento reduzido e arroxeamento de hastes, enquanto que o excesso de manganês ocasionou amarelecimento e arroxeamento das bordas das folhas; a eficiência do FG aumentou com o tempo.

13.
Sci. agric ; 58(2)2001.
Article in Portuguese | LILACS-Express | VETINDEX | ID: biblio-1496076

ABSTRACT

Phosphorus is one of the most important nutrients in alfalfa production in Brazilian soils. Several P sources are available in the market and the Gafsa phosphate (GP) is considered as efficient and soluble. The efficiency of phosphate fertilizers is affected by soil acidity. The use of GP associated to gypsum can aliviate Al toxicity and reduce soil phosphorus fixation. Therefore, this study was curried out in a glasshouse experiment, aiming to evaluate the efficiency of the triple superphosphate (TS) and GP and GP with gypsum, applied before and after liming at the rates of 50; 100 and 200 mg P dm-3. The soil was classified as a Typic Hapludox. Alfalfa was seeded three times and plants were harvested only once in the first seeding and three times in the third seeding. In the first seeding alfalfa yield (DM) was higher (3.3 g/pot) under TS than GP (1.0 g/pot), but in the third seeding TS produced less (2.4 g/pot) than GP (6.0 g/pot). GP with gypsum with increased DM yield (7.0 g/pot) in relation to GP (3.7 g/pot) in the third seeding. Alfalfa DM was higher under TS applied after liming (5.0 g/pot) than when TS was applied before liming, in the first seeding (3.7 g/pot). GP with or without gypsum presented similar response in terms of DM yield when applied before or after liming.


O fósforo é um dos nutriente mais importante na produção de alfafa nos solos brasileiros. Diversas fontes de P são disponíveis no mercado e o fosfato de Gafsa (FG) é considerado tão eficiente como solúvel. A eficiência dos adubos fosfatados é afetada pela acidez do solo. O uso do gesso associado ao FG pode corrigir o perfil do solo em relação ao alumínio e diminuir a fixação do P no solo. Portanto, o objetivo deste trabalho foi avaliar num experimento em vasos a eficiência do superfosfato triplo (ST), do FG e do FG com gesso, aplicados antes e depois da calagem, nas doses de 50, 100 e 200 mg P dm-3. Foi utilizado um solo classificado como LATOSSOLO VERMELHO-AMARELO Alumínico. Foram efetuados três plantios de alfafa, realizando-se um corte no primeiro plantio e três cortes no terceiro. Com o ST obteve-se maior produção de matéria seca (MS) (3,3 g/vaso) do que com o FG (1,0 g/vaso) no primeiro plantio. Mas no terceiro plantio ocorreu menor produção de MS com o uso do ST (2,4 g/vaso) do que com o FG (6,0 g/vaso). O gesso com FG elevou a produção de MS (7,0 g/vaso) em relação ao FG (3,7 g/vaso) no terceiro plantio. A aplicação do ST depois da calagem aumentou a produção de MS (5,0 g/vaso) comparado a aplicação antes da calagem (3,7 g/vaso), no primeiro plantio. Não houve efeito do momento de calagem para o FG com ou sem gesso.

14.
Sci. agric. ; 58(2)2001.
Article in Portuguese | VETINDEX | ID: vti-439526

ABSTRACT

Phosphorus is one of the most important nutrients in alfalfa production in Brazilian soils. Several P sources are available in the market and the Gafsa phosphate (GP) is considered as efficient and soluble. The efficiency of phosphate fertilizers is affected by soil acidity. The use of GP associated to gypsum can aliviate Al toxicity and reduce soil phosphorus fixation. Therefore, this study was curried out in a glasshouse experiment, aiming to evaluate the efficiency of the triple superphosphate (TS) and GP and GP with gypsum, applied before and after liming at the rates of 50; 100 and 200 mg P dm-3. The soil was classified as a Typic Hapludox. Alfalfa was seeded three times and plants were harvested only once in the first seeding and three times in the third seeding. In the first seeding alfalfa yield (DM) was higher (3.3 g/pot) under TS than GP (1.0 g/pot), but in the third seeding TS produced less (2.4 g/pot) than GP (6.0 g/pot). GP with gypsum with increased DM yield (7.0 g/pot) in relation to GP (3.7 g/pot) in the third seeding. Alfalfa DM was higher under TS applied after liming (5.0 g/pot) than when TS was applied before liming, in the first seeding (3.7 g/pot). GP with or without gypsum presented similar response in terms of DM yield when applied before or after liming.


O fósforo é um dos nutriente mais importante na produção de alfafa nos solos brasileiros. Diversas fontes de P são disponíveis no mercado e o fosfato de Gafsa (FG) é considerado tão eficiente como solúvel. A eficiência dos adubos fosfatados é afetada pela acidez do solo. O uso do gesso associado ao FG pode corrigir o perfil do solo em relação ao alumínio e diminuir a fixação do P no solo. Portanto, o objetivo deste trabalho foi avaliar num experimento em vasos a eficiência do superfosfato triplo (ST), do FG e do FG com gesso, aplicados antes e depois da calagem, nas doses de 50, 100 e 200 mg P dm-3. Foi utilizado um solo classificado como LATOSSOLO VERMELHO-AMARELO Alumínico. Foram efetuados três plantios de alfafa, realizando-se um corte no primeiro plantio e três cortes no terceiro. Com o ST obteve-se maior produção de matéria seca (MS) (3,3 g/vaso) do que com o FG (1,0 g/vaso) no primeiro plantio. Mas no terceiro plantio ocorreu menor produção de MS com o uso do ST (2,4 g/vaso) do que com o FG (6,0 g/vaso). O gesso com FG elevou a produção de MS (7,0 g/vaso) em relação ao FG (3,7 g/vaso) no terceiro plantio. A aplicação do ST depois da calagem aumentou a produção de MS (5,0 g/vaso) comparado a aplicação antes da calagem (3,7 g/vaso), no primeiro plantio. Não houve efeito do momento de calagem para o FG com ou sem gesso.

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