ABSTRACT
Whiteleg shrimp (Litopenaeus vannamei) is the most important species of shrimp farmed worldwide in terms of its economic value. Enterocytozoon hepatopenaei (EHP) infects the hepatopancreas, resulting in the hepatopancreatic microsporidiosis (HPM) of the host, which causes slow growth of the shrimp and poses a threat to the farming industry. In this study, differentially expressed proteins (DEPs) between EHP-infected and uninfected shrimp were investigated through proteomics sequencing. A total of 9908 peptides and 2092 proteins were identified. A total of 69 DEPs were identified in the hepatopancreas (HP), of which, 28 were upregulated and 41 were downregulated. Our results showed that the differences among the level of multiple proteins involved in the apoptosis were significant after the EHP infection, which indicated that the apoptosis pathway was activated in whiteleg shrimp. In addition, expression leve of caspase 3 gene were identified related to the EHP infection. Furthermore, predictions of spatial structure, analysis of phylogeny and chromosome-level linearity of the caspase 3 protein were performed as well. In conclusion, a relatively complete proteomic data set of hepatopancreas tissues in whiteleg shrimp were established in this study. Findings about genes involved in the apoptosis here will provide a further understanding of the molecular mechanism of EHP infection in the internal immunity of whiteleg shrimp.
Subject(s)
Enterocytozoon , Penaeidae , Animals , Caspase 3/genetics , Proteomics , Penaeidae/geneticsABSTRACT
In this study, we first determined and characterized the complete mitochondrial genome of longlegged spiny lobster Panulirus longipes from South China Sea. The P. longipes mitogenome is 15,739 bp long, and consists of 22 tRNA genes, two rRNA genes, 13 protein-coding genes (PCGs), and one control region. The nucleotide composition of P. longipes mitogenome is significantly biased (A, G, T, and C was 32.06%, 14.36%, 32.42%, and 21.16%, respectively) with A + T contents of 64.48%. Among 13 PCGs, COX1 gene used an unusual initiation codon CAA, COX1, COX2, ND4 and CYTB genes were ended with an incomplete stop codon T, and ND5 gene with an abnormal stop codon ATT. One microsatellite (C)10 was identified in P. longipes mitogenome located in the control region. Phylogenetic tree showed that P. longipes was first clustered with Panulirus cygnus, then together with P. japonicus and P. argus.
ABSTRACT
The complete mitochondrial genome of Trachycardium flavum from South China Sea was first determined in this study, which is 16,596 bp in length. The base composition of the mitogenome is a less biased (A, G, T, and C was 21.5%, 26.3%, 37.0%, and 15.2%, respectively) with A + T contents of 58%. It consists of 24 tRNA genes, two rRNA genes, and 12 protein-coding genes (PCGs). No typical control region was found in non-coding sequence. Interestingly, ATP8 genes was absence same as most shellfish. Nine PCGs use a special start codon TTG, and the other three genes use a normal initiation codon ATN. Except ND6 use a single base G as the stop codon, the others all end with the normal stop codon TAG. The phylogenetic tree showed that T. flavum was first clustered with Fulvia mutica, Cerastoderma edule, and Acanthocardia tuberculate, which all belong to Cardiidae.
ABSTRACT
The complete mitochondrial genome of Anadara antiquata was first determined. With a length of 45,454 bp, it consists of 29 tRNA, 2 rRNA, and 17 protein-coding genes (PCGs). The non-coding region was large and atypical around the genome with total 24,162 bp long. The nucleotide composition is significantly biased with AT contents of 62.2%. PCGs have five types of start codon, and terminate with a complete stop codon TAA or TAG. 19 microsatellites (SSRs) were identified in mitogenome sequences. Phylogenetic analysis demonstrated that A. antiquata was first clustered with Anadara vellicate, then together with Tegillarca granosa.
ABSTRACT
The complete mitochondrial genome of Cypraea tigris from the South China Sea has been determined, which was the first report of complete mitogenome in the superfamily Cypraeoidea. It is 16,177 bp long and consists of 21 tRNA genes, 2 rRNA genes, 13 protein-coding genes (PCGs), and 1 control region. The base composition of C. tigris mitogenome is biased (A, G, T, and C were 28.8, 17.9, 37.1, and 16.3%, respectively) with A + T contents of 58.5%. All of the PCGs use a typical start codon (ATN) and a complete stop codon (TAA or TAG) as normal. The maximum-likelihood tree demonstrated that the Cypraeoidea was closer to the superfamily Tonnoidea, and further clarified the phylogenetic relationships of each superfamily in Littorinimorpha.
