ABSTRACT
BACKGROUND: Transcatheter aortic valve replacement (TAVR) in non-calcified aortic regurgitation (NCAR) is an off-label procedure. The balloon-expandable Myval includes extra-large sizes (30.5 mm and 32 mm) of interest in this setting. AIMS: We aimed to evaluate the safety and feasibility of Myval in NCAR. METHODS: This was an international, multicentre, observational study that enrolled all consecutive patients with symptomatic severe NCAR undergoing TAVR with the Myval device. The images were centrally analysed. RESULTS: A total of 113 patients were recruited, 64.6% were men, the mean age was 78.4±7.5 years, and the Society of Thoracic Surgeons score was 2.7±1.7%. Aortic root dilatation was present in 59.3% of patients, 7.1% were bicuspid, and the mean annular area was 638.6±106.0 mm2. The annular area was beyond the recommended range for extra-large sizes in 2.6% of cases, and additional volume was added in 92% (median 4 cc, up to 9 cc). The extra-large sizes were used in 95 patients (84.1%), and the mean oversizing was 17.9±11.0%. The technical success rate was 94.7%; the rate of residual ≥moderate aortic regurgitation was 8.9%, and the pacemaker rate was 22.2%. There were no cases of annular rupture, cardiac tamponade, or aortic dissection, but in 4 patients (3.5%) valve embolisation occurred (1 antegrade and 3 ventricular), all in cases with a tapered left ventricle outflow tract (p=0.007). Thirty-day and 1-year mortality were 5.3% and 9.7%, respectively. Technical success was associated with better survival (97.1% vs 72.7%; p=0.012), and valve embolisation was the main determinant of mortality (p=0.047). CONCLUSIONS: Myval is a feasible and safe option for selected non-operable patients with NCAR and demonstrated good midterm outcomes and lack of impact of oversizing on device durability.
Subject(s)
Aortic Valve Insufficiency , Aortic Valve Stenosis , Heart Valve Prosthesis , Transcatheter Aortic Valve Replacement , Male , Humans , Aged , Aged, 80 and over , Female , Transcatheter Aortic Valve Replacement/methods , Aortic Valve/diagnostic imaging , Aortic Valve/surgery , Aortic Valve Insufficiency/diagnostic imaging , Aortic Valve Insufficiency/surgery , Aortic Valve Stenosis/surgery , Treatment Outcome , Prosthesis DesignABSTRACT
El ataque de pie diabético es uno de los desenlaces más fatídicos para el paciente con diabetes, lo que demuestra la importancia del control en una enfermedad que avanza hasta presentar cambios macroscópicos importantes en el miembro inferior. Durante la progresión de la Diabetes, la enfermedad puede derivar en un aumento de la morbilidad e intervenciones invasivas y limitantes para el paciente, de ahí la importancia de la detección e intervención temprana y oportuna de la patología por parte del equipo médico. Estas recomendaciones van dirigida a médicos generales y especialistas en diversas ramas médicas, con el objetivo de enfatizar el cómo se debe realizar el abordaje integral del paciente con pie diabético. Abarcando la prevención, diagnóstico inicial, evaluación de la progresión de la patología, estratificación con las clasificaciones propuestas, y por último el tratamiento según el estadio en el que se encuentre el paciente. Esto con el fin de minimizar desenlaces, intervenciones y complicaciones derivadas de la progresión del pie diabetico. Hablamos de recomendaciones y no de guías debido a la ausencia en un gran número de oportunidades de evidencia científica debidamente estructurada (I y II). Tal vez lo más importante por recalcar en todas estas recomendaciones es recordarle al lector que en los casos de afectación de un pie diabético, siempre se debe tener en cuenta que el pie contralateral también ha estado sometido a la misma enfermedad durante el mismo tiempo y por lo tanto aunque no tenga síntomas se debe considerar igualmente enfermo y se debe examinar también.
Diabetic foot is one of the most fatal outcomes for patients with diabetes; the importance of control in a disease that progresses until presenting important macroscopic changes in the lower limb is absolutely relevant. Along diabetes progression, the disease can lead to increased morbidity and invasive and limiting interventions for the patient, hence the importance of early and timely detection and intervention of the pathology by the medical team. These recommendations are addressed to general practitioners and specialized faculty in various medical branches, emphasizing how a comprehensive approach to the patient with diabetic foot should be carried out. Covering prevention, initial diagnosis, evaluation of the progression of the pathology, stratification with the proposed classifications, and finally the treatment according to the stage in which the patients are, is actually well described herein in order to minimize unsatisfactory outcomes, interventions and complications derived from the progression of diabetic foot. We are talking about recommendations and not guidelines due to the absence in a large number of opportunities of properly structured scientific evidence (I and II). Perhaps, the most important thing to emphasize in all these recommendations is to remind the reader that in cases of treating a diabetic foot, it should always be kept in mind that the contralateral foot is not healthy because it has also been subjected to the same disease, for the same period of time and stressed equally as well. Therefore, even if the contralateral foot does not have symptoms, it should be considered equally ill and should be examined and treated likewise.
Subject(s)
Humans , Diabetic Foot , Diabetes Mellitus , Arthropathy, Neurogenic , Therapeutics , Ulcer , Diabetic Neuropathies , DiagnosisABSTRACT
Diabetic foot is one of the most fatal outcomes for patients with diabetes; the importance of control in a disease that progresses until presenting important macroscopic changes in the lower limb is absolutely relevant. Along diabetes progression, the disease can lead to increased morbidity and invasive and limiting interventions for the patient, hence the importance of early and timely detection and intervention of the pathology by the medical team. These recommendations are addressed to general practitioners and specialized faculty in various medical branches, emphasizing how a comprehensive approach to the patient with diabetic foot should be carried out. Covering prevention, initial diagnosis, evaluation of the progression of the pathology, stratification with the proposed classifications, and finally the treatment according to the stage in which the patients are, is actually well described herein in order to minimize unsatisfactory outcomes, interventions and complications derived from the progression of diabetic foot. We are talking about recommendations and not guidelines due to the absence in a large number of opportunities of properly structured scientific evidence (I and II). Perhaps, the most important thing to emphasize in all these recommendations is to remind the reader that in cases of treating a diabetic foot, it should always be kept in mind that the contralateral foot is not healthy because it has also been subjected to the same disease, for the same period of time and stressed equally as well. Therefore, even if the contralateral foot does not have symptoms, it should be considered equally ill and should be examined and treated likewise.
El ataque de pie diabético es uno de los desenlaces más fatídicos para el paciente con diabetes, lo que demuestra la importancia del control en una enfermedad que avanza hasta presentar cambios macroscópicos importantes en el miembro inferior. Durante la progresión de la Diabetes, la enfermedad puede derivar en un aumento de la morbilidad e intervenciones invasivas y limitantes para el paciente, de ahí la importancia de la detección e intervención temprana y oportuna de la patología por parte del equipo médico. Estas recomendaciones van dirigida a médicos generales y especialistas en diversas ramas médicas, con el objetivo de enfatizar el cómo se debe realizar el abordaje integral del paciente con pie diabético. Abarcando la prevención, diagnóstico inicial, evaluación de la progresión de la patología, estratificación con las clasificaciones propuestas, y por último el tratamiento según el estadio en el que se encuentre el paciente. Esto con el fin de minimizar desenlaces, intervenciones y complicaciones derivadas de la progresión del pie diabetico. Hablamos de recomendaciones y no de guías debido a la ausencia en un gran número de oportunidades de evidencia científica debidamente estructurada (I y II). Tal vez lo más importante por recalcar en todas estas recomendaciones es recordarle al lector que en los casos de afectación de un pie diabético, siempre se debe tener en cuenta que el pie contralateral también ha estado sometido a la misma enfermedad durante el mismo tiempo y por lo tanto aunque no tenga síntomas se debe considerar igualmente enfermo y se debe examinar también.
Subject(s)
Humans , Diabetic Foot , Therapeutics , Ulcer , Diabetic Neuropathies , Diagnosis , Joint DiseasesABSTRACT
Silk fibroin (SF) is a protein polymer claimed to have outstanding potential for medical applications. However, because of the manufacturing process, materials from regenerated SF exhibit a higher percentage of amorphous structures. The amorphous structures cause the material to be water soluble and can significantly limit its applications in wet biological environments. In order to increase the amount of crystalline structures and decrease the water solubility of SF materials, post-treatment with alcohols is usually employed. SF can be obtained from silk fibrous wastes (SFW), usually discarded in silk textile processes. This represents an opportunity to produce materials with high added value from low-cost natural sources. In this study, SF was obtained from SFW, and films were made thereof followed by a post-treatment by immersion or in a saturated atmosphere of methanol (MeOH) or ethanol (EtOH), using different exposure times. The resulting films were analyzed according to crystallinity, the percentage of crystalline and amorphous structures, and thermal stability. Also, water absorption and weight loss in aqueous media were determined. The results showed a significant increase in crystalline structures in all treated samples, varying according to the type and time of exposure to post-treatment conducted. The highest increase was shown in the case of the post-treatment by immersion in MeOH for 1 h, with a 23% increase over the untreated sample. This increase in crystallinity was reflected in an increase in the degradation temperature and a degradation rate of 5.3% on day 7. The possibility of tuning the degree of crystallinity, as well as thermal stability and aqueous integrity of thin films of SFW, can be applied to adjust these materials to the requirements of specific biomedical applications.
ABSTRACT
Cardiovascular disease is a worldwide main cause of morbidity and mortality. Treatment alternatives include the use of cardiovascular implants that have generated a constant search for materials, and transformation processes that provide structures similar to those that need to be replaced. Among the biomaterials available for vascular implants, silk fibroin (SF) is of great interest because it is a natural, biodegradable, biocompatible protein. In addition, SF has outstanding mechanical properties and can be easily processed by various techniques. This article presents a general review of SF, its potential use as a biomaterial for vascular applications, and modifications that improve its hemocompatibility.
Subject(s)
Biocompatible Materials/chemistry , Blood Vessel Prosthesis , Fibroins/chemistry , Animals , Bombyx , Humans , Materials Testing , Prosthesis DesignABSTRACT
La tuberculosis (TB) es una enfermedad infecciosa crónica de alta transmisibilidad, constituye un problema de salud pública y un reto para su Programa de control. El Programa ha determinado como metas: el tratamiento efectivo de la enfermedad y la captación temprana a través de la búsqueda de sintomáticos respiratorios, definidos por la Organización Mundial de la Salud (OMS) como toda persona con tos y expectoración de más de 15 días. Dado que este es un indicador fundamental para evaluar el programa, y que existe poca información respecto al comportamiento de este evento en el ámbito poblacional, es pertinente realizar una revisión exhaustiva que permita dar cuenta del comportamiento de este indicador a nivel comunitario. Un trabajo de esta índole es una herramienta que permite fortalecer las acciones operativas y de gestión del Programa de control de la TB. La búsqueda de literatura se realizó haciendo uso de los descriptores Tuberculosis, sintomáticos respiratorios, prevalencia y factores de riesgo, a través de diversas bases de datos como Pubmed, ScienceDirect, EBSCO, Proquest. Se identificó que la prevalencia en países con condiciones similares a las de Colombia oscila entre el 2 por ciento y el 10 por ciento. Sin embargo, la frecuencia reportada en la mayoría de los artículos no puede ser inferida poblacionalmente, dado que los diseños realizados no lo permiten, adicionalmente no son realizados en población general, sino en población en condición de vulnerabilidad, con riesgo diferencial de padecer TB(AU)
Tuberculosis (TB) is a highly transmissible, chronic infectious disease that is a public health problem and a challenge for its TB Control Program. This Program has set as goals the following: effective treatment of the disease and early uptake through the search for symptomatic respiratory defined by the World Health Organization (WHO) as any person with cough and expectoration for more than 15 days. Given that this is a fundamental indicator to evaluate the program and that there is little information regarding the behaviour of this event in the population area, it is pertinent to carry out a comprehensive review that allows to record the performance of this indicator at the community level, as a tool that allows strengthen the operational and management actions of the TB control program. The literature search was carried out using the descriptors Tuberculosis, symptomatic respiratory, prevalence and risk factors, through various databases such as Pubmed, ScienceDirect, EBSCO, and Proquest. It was identified that the prevalence in countries with conditions similar to those in Colombia ranges among 2 and 10 percent. However, the frequency reported in most articles cannot be inferred in population terms as the designs do not allow it; additionally, those are not performed in general population terms, but in populations in vulnerable conditions with differential risk of suffering TB(AU)
Subject(s)
Humans , Tuberculosis/diagnosis , Tuberculosis/epidemiology , Social Determinants of Health , Risk Factors , ColombiaABSTRACT
RESUMEN La tuberculosis (TB) es una enfermedad infecciosa crónica de alta transmisibilidad, constituye un problema de salud pública y un reto para su Programa de control. El Programa ha determinado como metas: el tratamiento efectivo de la enfermedad y la captación temprana a través de la búsqueda de sintomáticos respiratorios, definidos por la Organización Mundial de la Salud (OMS) como toda persona con tos y expectoración de más de 15 días. Dado que este es un indicador fundamental para evaluar el programa, y que existe poca información respecto al comportamiento de este evento en el ámbito poblacional, es pertinente realizar una revisión exhaustiva que permita dar cuenta del comportamiento de este indicador a nivel comunitario. Un trabajo de esta índole es una herramienta que permite fortalecer las acciones operativas y de gestión del Programa de control de la TB. La búsqueda de literatura se realizó haciendo uso de los descriptores "Tuberculosis", "sintomáticos respiratorios", "prevalencia" y "factores de riesgo", a través de diversas bases de datos como Pubmed, ScienceDirect, EBSCO, Proquest. Se identificó que la prevalencia en países con condiciones similares a las de Colombia oscila entre el 2 % y el 10 %. Sin embargo, la frecuencia reportada en la mayoría de los artículos no puede ser inferida poblacionalmente, dado que los diseños realizados no lo permiten, adicionalmente no son realizados en población general, sino en población en condición de vulnerabilidad, con riesgo diferencial de padecer TB.
ABSTRACT Tuberculosis (TB) is a highly transmissible, chronic infectious disease that is a public health problem and a challenge for its TB Control Program. This Program has set as goals the following: effective treatment of the disease and early uptake through the search for symptomatic respiratory defined by the World Health Organization (WHO) as any person with cough and expectoration for more than 15 days. Given that this is a fundamental indicator to evaluate the program and that there is little information regarding the behaviour of this event in the population area, it is pertinent to carry out a comprehensive review that allows to record the performance of this indicator at the community level, as a tool that allows strengthen the operational and management actions of the TB control program. The literature search was carried out using the descriptors "Tuberculosis", "symptomatic respiratory", "prevalence" and "risk factors", through various databases such as Pubmed, ScienceDirect, EBSCO, and Proquest. It was identified that the prevalence in countries with conditions similar to those in Colombia ranges among 2 and 10 %. However, the frequency reported in most articles cannot be inferred in population terms as the designs do not allow it; additionally, those are not performed in general population terms, but in populations in vulnerable conditions with differential risk of suffering TB.
