Intervención comunitaria con población magrebí en Crevillent (Alicante): prevención de hepatitis A en migrantes viajeros / Community-based intervention with a Maghreb population in Crevillent (Alicante): hepatitis A prevention in immigrant travellers

Objetivos: En este artículo describimos una iniciativa surgida desde salud pública para prevenir casos de hepatitis A en población magrebí de Crevillent que fuese a viajar a su país próximamente. El objetivo principal fue contribuir a reducir la incidencia de casos importados de hepatitis A en migrantes viajeros magrebíes.Metodología. Iniciativa implementada en dos ámbitos: sanitario (envío de circular a centros de Atención Primaria con recomendaciones desde salud pública para identificar y vacunar de hepatitis A a migrantes viajeros no inmunes); comunitario (charlas grupales adaptadas a la población diana).Resultados. La intervención comunitaria (94 participantes) tuvo muy buena acogida y se involucraron tanto líderes comunitarios como mediadores interculturales. El número de primeras dosis de vacuna pediátrica de hepatitis A administradas el mes siguiente a la intervención fue muy superior al del mes previo.Conclusión. La intervención interdisciplinar aquí presentada mostró eficacia tanto a nivel sanitario como a nivel comunitario. (AU)

Objectives: In this article we report a public health initiative to prevent cases of hepatitis A in the Maghrebi population of Crevillent who were going to travel to their country in the near future. The main aim was to contribute to reduce the incidence of hepatitis A imported cases among Maghrebi immigrant travellers.Methods. The initiative was implemented in two areas: healthcare (by sending a circular to primary care centres with public health recommendations to identify and vaccinate non-immune migrant travellers against hepatitis A); community (informative group talks tailored to the target population).Results. The community intervention (94 participants) was very well received and involved both community leaders and intercultural mediators. The number of initial doses of paediatric hepatitis A vaccine administered in the month following the intervention was much higher than in the previous month.Conclusion. The interdisciplinary intervention presented here revealed efficacy at both healthcare and community levels. (AU)

Grado de conocimiento y actitudes de los profesionales sanitarios sobre el documento de voluntades anticipadas / Knowledge and attitudes of health professionals towards advance directives

Objetivo: Evaluar el grado de conocimiento y las actitudes sobre el documento de voluntades anticipadas (DVA) del personal médico y de enfermería de dos departamentos sanitarios, así como examinar su asociación con variables sociodemográficas y laborales de los profesionales. Método: Se realizó una encuesta transversal a 329 profesionales a través de Internet y mediante un procedimiento estandarizado. Se examinaron los conocimientos y las actitudes hacia el DVA utilizando dos cuestionarios validados de 17 y 12 ítems, respectivamente. Se recogieron datos sociodemográficos y profesionales. Resultados: El 45% fueron médicos/as, con una media de 13,1 (desviación típica [DT]: 8,3) años de experiencia profesional. El 67,5% fueron mujeres, con una edad media de 38,9 (DT: 9,2) años. Tuvieron actitudes muy positivas hacia el documento (media: 75,37; DT: 11,97; R=0-90), a pesar de que su nivel de conocimientos fue medio-bajo (media: 9,31; DT: 2,73; R=0-18). Tanto el nivel de conocimientos como su autopercepción se asociaron a la formación previa en cuidados paliativos, a la experiencia en el manejo del documento, su lectura o la demanda de información. La suscripción del documento se relacionó con la autopercepción de los conocimientos. Las actitudes se asociaron con la experiencia en el manejo y la actitud positiva hacia la formación. Conclusiones: Los/las profesionales mostraron actitudes positivas hacia el DVA, pero escasos conocimientos sobre el mismo. La experiencia con el DVA fue la única variable que se asoció tanto a los conocimientos como a las actitudes de los profesionales

Objective: To evaluate the degree of knowledge and attitudes of medical and nursing professionals in two health departments to advance directives, as well as to examine their association with the sociodemographic and occupational variables of the professionals. Methods: A cross-sectional survey on 329 health professionals was carried out through the internet and a standardised procedure. The knowledge and attitudes of the professionals about advance directives were examined using two validated questionnaires of 17 and 12 items, respectively. Sociodemographic and professional data were also collected from the participants. Results: 45% of the professionals were physicians, with X¯=13,1 (SD: 8.3) years of professional experience. Sixty-seven point five percent were women and the mean age was 38.9 (SD: 9.2) years. Professionals had very positive attitudes towards the advance directives document (X¯=75.37;SD: 11.97;R=0-90), although their level of knowledge about them was medium-low (X¯=9.31;SD: 2.73;R=0-18). Both the level of knowledge and self-perception were associated with previous training in palliative care, experience with document management, reading, or the demand for information. Completing the document related to self-perception of knowledge. Attitudes towards the document related to experience in its use and a positive attitude toward training. Conclusions: The professionals showed positive attitudes towards the advance directive document although low knowledge about it. Experience with the document was the only variable associated with both the knowledge and the attitudes of the professionals

[Knowledge and attitudes of health professionals towards advance directives]. / Grado de conocimiento y actitudes de los profesionales sanitarios sobre el documento de voluntades anticipadas.

OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the degree of knowledge and attitudes of medical and nursing professionals in two health departments to advance directives, as well as to examine their association with the sociodemographic and occupational variables of the professionals. METHODS: A cross-sectional survey on 329 health professionals was carried out through the internet and a standardised procedure. The knowledge and attitudes of the professionals about advance directives were examined using two validated questionnaires of 17 and 12 items, respectively. Sociodemographic and professional data were also collected from the participants. RESULTS: 45% of the professionals were physicians, with X¯=13,1 (SD: 8.3) years of professional experience. Sixty-seven point five percent were women and the mean age was 38.9 (SD: 9.2) years. Professionals had very positive attitudes towards the advance directives document (X¯=75.37;SD: 11.97;R=0-90), although their level of knowledge about them was medium-low (X¯=9.31;SD: 2.73;R=0-18). Both the level of knowledge and self-perception were associated with previous training in palliative care, experience with document management, reading, or the demand for information. Completing the document related to self-perception of knowledge. Attitudes towards the document related to experience in its use and a positive attitude toward training. CONCLUSIONS: The professionals showed positive attitudes towards the advance directive document although low knowledge about it. Experience with the document was the only variable associated with both the knowledge and the attitudes of the professionals.