Careful considerations for the treatment of posttraumatic stress disorder during and following pregnancy.

INTRODUCTION: The focus on perinatal mental health has expanded recently, though there is less research on post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD). Therefore, a review of the literature was undertaken and coupled with expert clinical insights to discuss current clinical practice recommendations for PTSD in the perinatal period. AREAS COVERED: This review covers considerations for the assessment, prevention, and treatment of PTSD during the perinatal period. Within these sections, evidence-based and promising practices are outlined. Extra attention is afforded to treatment, which includes considerations from both psychotherapeutic and psychopharmacological perspectives. This review closes with coverage of three important and related areas of consideration, including bereavement, intimate partner violence, and childhood sexual abuse. EXPERT OPINION: Psychotherapeutic interventions for PTSD during pregnancy are limited, and no strong recommendations can be supported at this time while evidence points toward the effectiveness of cognitive behavioral therapies and eye movement desensitization therapy as first-line treatments postpartum though research evidence is also limited. Research on psychopharmacological interventions is similarly scarce, though selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors may be beneficial. Clinicians should also be mindful of additional considerations that may be needed for the treatment of PTSD in the context of bereavement, intimate partner violence, and history of sexual violence.

Technology-Facilitated Sexual Harassment Against Women and Psychological Dysfunction: A Test of Objectification Theory.

Objectification theory was tested to examine the potential mediating role of self-objectification in the relationship between technology-facilitated sexual harassment (TFSH) and psychological functioning in a sample of women (N = 481). The results indicated that TFSH was associated with eating pathology, alcohol use, and sexual functioning. Furthermore, partial support for the objectification theory was achieved, with self-objectification potentially explaining the relationships between TFSH and eating pathology, and TFSH and alcohol use. This research may shed light on the role of objectification processes in the context of TFSH in women, as well as inform mental health interventions for women victims of TFSH.

Motives to engage with or refrain from gambling and loot box content: an exploratory qualitative investigation.

This study examined motives to engage or refrain from engaging with gambling and loot boxes (i.e., in-game "boxes" that can be won within a game or purchased with in-game currency or real money, and which contain a random selection of prizes or objects). University students (n = 321) and community members (n = 279) completed an online questionnaire that included open-ended motives questions. Qualitative inductive content analysis was used to identify a number of overlapping motives to engage with or refrain from gambling and loot box content. Themes associated with motives to gamble included enjoyment, the chance to win, boredom, and charitable intentions. Self-reported reasons to engage with loot boxes included enjoyment, the chance to win, game progression, and passive engagement. In contrast, themes associated with refraining from gambling included negative consequences (e.g., addiction), uncertain outcomes, disinterest, finances, and accessibility. Similarly, reasons to refrain from loot boxes included negative consequences, gambling concerns, disinterest, finances, and accessibility. Overall, these findings, and particularly the overlapping themes between gambling and loot boxes engagement, provide further context and insight into the burgeoning research on loot boxes and assist in delineating their relation to gambling.Motives to engage with or refrain from gambling and loot box content: An exploratory qualitative investigation.