ABSTRACT
INTRODUCTION: Teenage pregnancy is a public health concern. Maternal and neonatal health outcomes are negatively impacted in teenage pregnancy. The objective of the study is to find the prevalence of teenage pregnancy in a community hospital of rural Nepal. METHODS: A descriptive cross-sectional study was conducted at Okhaldhunga Community Hospital, Okhaldhunga, Nepal. Ethical approval was taken from the Institutional Review Committee of the hospital. Data were retrieved from July 2007 to July 2017 from the hospital record books. The total of 7054 records of deliveries were reviewed from the hospital records and whole sampling was done. Subgroup analysis was done on basis of age, ethnicity, gravida, para, period of gestation, mode of delivery, maternal or neonatal complications and birth weight. Data entry was done in Microsoft Excel and point estimate at 95% CI was calculated along with frequancy and proportion for binary data. RESULTS: The total of 7054 deliveries were conducted in ten years among which 2050 (29.06%) were teenage deliveries at the 95% CI (28.52 to 29.06). The highest percentage of teenage delivery was found among Janajati ethnicity of 1056 (53.3%). Amongst teenage delivery, a significant tear was found in 157 (7.9%) as a maternal complication. Perinatal deaths were found in 27 (1.4%). CONCLUSIONS: The trend of teenage pregnancy remains almost same over ten years in the Okhaldhunga Community Hospital. The overall prevalence of teenage delivery is higher than the national figure. Low birth weight babies, premature delivery, perineal and cervical tears were the common complications. Further health education and awareness programs might help to reduce the teenage pregnancy rate.
Subject(s)
Pregnancy Complications/epidemiology , Pregnancy Outcome , Pregnancy in Adolescence/statistics & numerical data , Rural Population/statistics & numerical data , Adolescent , Cross-Sectional Studies , Delivery, Obstetric/statistics & numerical data , Female , Hospitals, Community , Humans , Infant, Low Birth Weight , Infant, Newborn , Nepal/epidemiology , Perinatal Death , Pregnancy , Prevalence , Young AdultABSTRACT
BACKGROUND: Anxiety and depression are usually under diagnosed among the patients with Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease (COPD), which has a negative impact on patient quality of life through restriction of activities, loss of independence, and decreased social functioning. The purpose of this study was to describe the levels and characteristics of anxiety and depression in patients with COPD in Nepal as compared to the general population. METHODS: A hospital-based observational comparative analytical study was conducted in the United Mission Hospital, Tansen and the Okhaldhunga Community Hospital, Okhaldhunga, Nepal from June 1st 2015 to April 15th 2016. A convenience sample of two groups of participants were recruited: patients with COPD (study group) and visitors to the facility (comparison group). Anxiety and depression were measured with the Beck Anxiety and Depression Inventory Scale. RESULTS: A total of 198 individuals participated in the study; 93 with COPD and 105 from the general population. The mean age of the respondents was 58.24 ± 12.04 (40-82) years. The mean scores for anxiety and depression in COPD group were 23.76± 9.51 and 27.72± 9.37 respectively, while in comparison group, the mean score for anxiety was 8.01± 6.83 and depression was 11.60 ± 8.42. Both anxiety and depression scores were statistically significant between the groups with p value <0.001. CONCLUSIONS: Anxiety and depression were almost three times more common in COPD patients compared to the participants from the general population. Early assessment and multi-model treatment of anxiety and depression should be part of management in COPD.
Subject(s)
Anxiety/epidemiology , Depression/epidemiology , Health Status , Pulmonary Disease, Chronic Obstructive/epidemiology , Rural Population/statistics & numerical data , Aged , Anxiety/diagnosis , Comorbidity , Depression/diagnosis , Female , Humans , Male , Middle Aged , Nepal/epidemiology , Psychiatric Status Rating Scales , Pulmonary Disease, Chronic Obstructive/psychology , Quality of Life , Research DesignABSTRACT
OBJECTIVE: Globally, cesarean section (CS) rate is close to 26 %. Nepal has a reported CS rate of 5 %, with huge differences in rural (3.5 %) and urban (15 %) areas. The aim of the study was to determine the rate and indications for CS in a remote hospital in a rural area of Nepal. METHODS: A one-year cross-sectional prospective study from August 2014 to August 2015 was performed at Okhaldhunga Community Hospital (OCH). Semi-structured interviews of all women undergoing CS (91) were done, partly with the assistance of a local translator. A maternal waiting home is connected to the hospital. RESULTS: Out of the 864 births in the hospital, 91 CS were performed giving a CS rate of 9.5 %. The most frequent indications were: prolonged labor in 24 CS (26.4 %), abnormal fetal lie in 23 CS (25.3 %) and fetal distress in 18 CS (19.8 %). Three-quarters of CS were performed as an emergency. Almost half of the women stayed in the maternal waiting home prior to birth. CONCLUSION: The CS rate at OCH was relatively low, within WHO's recommendation, with types of indication similar to other countries. There were no signs of CS overuse. Maternal request was not the sole indication in any CS.
