ABSTRACT
BACKGROUND & OBJECTIVES: In India, the burden of Plasmodium vivax malaria has been projected to be highest in some areas. This study investigated the efficacy and safety of fixed dose combination (FDC) of arterolane maleate (AM) 37.5 mg and piperaquine phosphate 187.5 mg (PQP) dispersible tablets and (not with) chloroquine in the treatment of uncomplicated vivax malaria in pediatric patients. METHODS: This multicentric, open-label trial was carried out at 12 sites in India. A total of 164 patients aged 6 months to 12 years with P. vivax malaria were randomized in a ratio of 2:1 to AM-PQP (111 patients) or chloroquine (53 patients) arms. The duration of follow up was 42 days. RESULTS: At 72 hours, the proportion of a parasitaemic and afebrile patients was 100% in both treatment arms in per protocol (PP) population, and 98.2% and 100% [95% CI: -1.8 (-6.33 to 5.08)] in AM-PQP and chloroquine arms, respectively, in intent to treat (ITT) population. The efficacy and safety of AM-PQP was found to be comparable to chloroquine in the treatment of uncomplicated P. vivax malaria in pediatric patients. Overall, the cure rate at Day 28 and 42 was >95% for both AM-PQP or CQ. The commonly reported clinical adverse event was vomiting. No patient was discontinued for any QTc abnormality. INTERPRETATION & CONCLUSION: The efficacy and safety of FDC of arterolane maleate and piperaquine phosphate was found to be comparable to chloroquine for treatment of uncomplicated P. vivax malaria in pediatric patients.
Subject(s)
Antimalarials , Malaria, Falciparum , Malaria, Vivax , Antimalarials/adverse effects , Child , Chloroquine/adverse effects , Chloroquine/analogs & derivatives , Heterocyclic Compounds, 1-Ring , Humans , Malaria, Falciparum/drug therapy , Malaria, Vivax/drug therapy , Maleates/therapeutic use , Peroxides , Phosphates/therapeutic use , Plasmodium vivax , Quinolines , Spiro CompoundsABSTRACT
Association of dengue fever with longitudinally extensive transverse myelitis in pediatric age group is a rare entity. We describe a case of 15 year old adolescent male who presented with dengue fever and in whom symptoms of transverse myelitis developed 4 weeks after fever (post-infectious stage). Magnetic resonance imaging confirmed the diagnosis of longitudinally extensive transverse myelitis involving dorso-lumbar cord. Patient recovered almost completely with minimal residual neurological deficit after a six weeks course of corticosteroids and supportive management including physiotherapy.
L'association de la dengue avec une myélite transversale longitudinale étendue dans un groupe d'âge pédiatrique est une entité rare. Nous décrivons un cas d'un adolescent de 15 ans qui présentaient une dengue et chez lesquels des symptômes de myélite transversale se sont développés 4 semaines après la fièvre (stade post-infectieux). L'imagerie par résonance magnétique a confirmé le diagnostic de myélite transversale longitudinale étendue impliquant le cordon dorso-lombaire. Le patient s'est rétabli presque complètement avec un déficit neurologique résiduel minimal après un traitement de corticostéroïdes de six semaines et une prise en charge, y compris la physiothérapie. Mots-clés: La fièvre de la dengue, la myélite transversale longitudinalement étendue, le virus neurotroptique.
Subject(s)
Back Pain/etiology , Dengue/complications , Myelitis, Transverse/diagnosis , Myelitis, Transverse/virology , Spinal Cord/diagnostic imaging , Adolescent , Adrenal Cortex Hormones/therapeutic use , Humans , Magnetic Resonance Imaging , Male , Myelitis, Transverse/drug therapy , Treatment OutcomeABSTRACT
OBJECTIVE: To compare efficacy and tolerability of levosalbutamol (Group 1) and racemic salbutamol (Group 2) for the treatment of acute exacerbation of asthma in children age 5 to 18 yr. METHODS: A randomized double blind clinical study involving 60 children was undertaken between October' 06 to December' 07. RESULTS: The following baseline clinical characteristic were recorded initially and after giving 3 nebulizations at 20 min intervals in the Ist hour of presentation viz respiratory rate (RR), heart rate (HR), oxygen saturation in room air SPO2, PEFR (peak expiratory flow rate), serum K+ level and asthma score. In Group 1 patients (levosalbutamol), there was significant increment in SPO2 and PEFR (P<0.05) values with decrease in tachypnea and asthma score while no significant difference was found in pre and post treatment HR & Serum K+ levels. In Group 2 patients although there was clinical improvement in terms of SPO2, PEFR, RR and asthma score, it resulted in significant tachycardia and decrease in K+ levels. CONCLUSION: Levosalbutamol appears to be more efficacious than racemic salbutamol in terms of improvement in PEFR, SPO2 and asthma score while deleterious effects of tachycardia and fall in serum K+ were seen with racemic salbutamol.
