Trans-cinnamaldehyde suppresses microtubule detyrosination and alleviates cardiac hypertrophy.

BACKGROUND: Trans-cinnamaldehyde (TCA) is a main compound of Cinnamomum cassia, used in traditional Chinese medicine to treat many ailments. Increasing evidence has demonstrated the therapeutic effects of TCA in cardiovascular diseases. PURPOSE: The present study aimed to determine whether TCA exerts antihypertrophic effects in vitro and in vivo and to elucidate the underlying mechanisms of these effects. METHODS: Neonatal rat cardiac myocytes (NRCMs) and adult mouse cardiac myocytes (AMCMs) were treated with 50 µΜ phenylephrine (PE) for 48 h. Tubulin detyrosination, store-operated Ca2+ entry (SOCE), stromal interaction molecule-1 (STIM1)/Orai1 translocation, and calcineurin/nuclear factor of activated T-cells (NFAT) signaling pathways were analyzed in NRCMs. Meanwhile, tubulin detyrosination, junctophilin-2, T-tubule distribution pattern, Ca2+ handling, and sarcomere shortening were observed in AMCMs. Male C57BL/6 mice were stimulated with PE (70 mg/kg per day) with or without TCA treatment for 2 weeks. Cardiac hypertrophy and tubulin detyrosination were also assessed. RESULTS: TCA was confirmed to alleviate cardiac hypertrophy induced by PE stimulation in vitro and in vivo. PE-induced cardiac hypertrophy was associated with excessive tubulin detyrosination and overexpression of vasohibin 1 (VASH1) and small vasohibin binding protein (SVBP), two key proteins responsible for tubulin detyrosination. These effects were largely blocked by TCA administration. PE treatment also enhanced SOCE with massive translocation of STIM1 and Orai1, Ca2+ mishandling, reduced sarcomere shortening, junctophilin-2, and T-tubule redistribution, all of which were significantly ameliorated by TCA administration. CONCLUSION: Our study indicated that the therapeutic effects of TCA against cardiac hypertrophy may be associated with its ability to reduce tubulin detyrosination.

[Technological experience of occlusal reconstruction with IPS e.max Press for severely worn dentition].

PURPOSE: To investigate the feasibility of occlusal reconstruction with IPS e.max Press for patients suffering from severely worn dentition, and to summarize the technological experience. METHODS: IPS e.max Press was used to reconstruct occlusion for one patient with severely worn dentition. Provisional restorations were fitted in worn teeth to rehabilitate the vertical dimension and centric relationship almost 3 months before final treatment. Face bow was used to transfer the general information of provisional restorations to articulator, including the plane of occlusion, anatomical outline and intercuspal position of teeth. RESULTS: After 24 months of follow-up, the masticatory efficiency and facial appearance were improved significantly, and TMJ disorder was not observed. The patient was satisfied with the prostheses. CONCLUSIONS: IPS e.max Press is an effective and reliable treatment of occlusal reconstruction.The short term effect is promoting. Supported by Clinical Medical Research Fund of Bureau of Science and Technology, Jiangsu Province(SBL201230169).

[The prefabricated post and composite resin core technique used in restoring residual crown of posterior tooth].

PURPOSE: To investigate the clinical effect of repairing posterior residual crown using titanium alloy post combined with composite resin core technique. METHODS: Twenty-one patients (26 residual crown) with perfect root canal therapy were selected. Modern bonding technique was used to build up the core with titanium alloy post and flow composite resin together for crown restoration. RESULTS: After ten years of clinical observation, only 4 cases among the 21 patients failed in restoration. The rate of success was 85%. X-ray showed that the periapical alveolar bone density was enhanced after restoration. CONCLUSIONS: Standard root canal therapy and effective post-core strengthening can restore the function of the residual crown and retain the tooth.