Tunable Chromic Properties of Viologen-Metal Polymers Modulated by Coordination Modes for Inkless Erasable Printing.

Inkless and erasable printing (IEP) based on chromic materials holds great promise to alleviate environmental and sustainable problems. Metal-organic polymers (MOPs) are bright platforms for constructing IEP materials. However, it is still challenging to design target MOPs with excellent specific functions rationally due to the intricate component-structure-property relationships. Herein, an effective strategy was proposed for the rational design IEP-MOP materials. The stimuli-responsive viologen moiety was introduced into the construction of MOPs to give it potential chromic behaviors and two different coordination models (i. e. bilateral coordination model, M1 ; unilateral coordinated model, M2 ) based on the same viologen ligand were designed. Aided by theoretical calculations, model M1 was recommended secondarily as a more suitable system for IEP materials. Along this line, two representative viologen-ZnII MOPs 1 and 2 with models M1 and M2 were synthesized successfully. Experiments exhibit that 1 does have quicker stimuli response, stronger color contrast and longer radical lifetime compared to 2. Significantly, the obtained 1-IEP media brightly inherits the excellent chromic characteristics of 1 and the flexibility of the paper at the same time, which achieves most daily printing requirements, as well as enough resolution and durability to be used in identification by smart device.

LncRNAs are Involved in the Process of Atherosclerosis at Diverse Levels. / Os LncRNAs Estão Envolvidos no Processo de Aterosclerose em Diversos Níveis.

Atherosclerosis is the most common cause of cardiovascular disease globally, associated with a high incidence of clinical events. Accumulating evidence has elucidated that long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) as a novel class of transcripts with critical roles in the pathophysiological processes of atherosclerosis. In this review, we summarize the recent progress of lncRNAs in the development of atherosclerosis. We mainly describe the diverse regulatory mechanisms of lncRNAs at the transcriptional and post-transcriptional levels. This study may provide helpful insights about lncRNAs as therapeutic targets or biomarkers for atherosclerosis treatment.

A aterosclerose é a causa mais comum de doença cardiovascular em todo o mundo, ela está associada a uma alta incidência de eventos clínicos. O acúmulo de evidências elucidou que os RNAs longos não codificantes (LncRNAs) são uma nova classe de transcritos com papéis críticos nos processos fisiopatológicos da aterosclerose. Nesta revisão, resumimos o progresso recente dos LncRNAs no desenvolvimento da aterosclerose. Descrevemos principalmente os diversos mecanismos regulatórios dos LncRNAs nos níveis transcricionais e pós-transcricionais. Este estudo pode fornecer informações úteis sobre os LncRNAs como alvos terapêuticos ou biomarcadores para o tratamento da aterosclerose.

Os LncRNAs Estão Envolvidos no Processo de Aterosclerose em Diversos Níveis / LncRNAs are Involved in the Process of Atherosclerosis at Diverse Levels

Resumo A aterosclerose é a causa mais comum de doença cardiovascular em todo o mundo, ela está associada a uma alta incidência de eventos clínicos. O acúmulo de evidências elucidou que os RNAs longos não codificantes (LncRNAs) são uma nova classe de transcritos com papéis críticos nos processos fisiopatológicos da aterosclerose. Nesta revisão, resumimos o progresso recente dos LncRNAs no desenvolvimento da aterosclerose. Descrevemos principalmente os diversos mecanismos regulatórios dos LncRNAs nos níveis transcricionais e pós-transcricionais. Este estudo pode fornecer informações úteis sobre os LncRNAs como alvos terapêuticos ou biomarcadores para o tratamento da aterosclerose.

Abstract Atherosclerosis is the most common cause of cardiovascular disease globally, associated with a high incidence of clinical events. Accumulating evidence has elucidated that long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) as a novel class of transcripts with critical roles in the pathophysiological processes of atherosclerosis. In this review, we summarize the recent progress of lncRNAs in the development of atherosclerosis. We mainly describe the diverse regulatory mechanisms of lncRNAs at the transcriptional and post-transcriptional levels. This study may provide helpful insights about lncRNAs as therapeutic targets or biomarkers for atherosclerosis treatment.

Ratios of peripheral blood mononuclear cells to lncRNA steroid receptor RNA activator as new indicators of metabolic syndrome.

INTRODUCTION: Metabolic syndrome (MetS) is a clinical syndrome with several characteristics. Steroid receptor RNA activator (SRA) is a long non-coding RNA (lncRNA), which can increase the expression of steroid receptor-dependent gene. This study aimed to explore the changes in metabolic parameters and the predictive value of the peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) to SRA ratios as new indicators in subjects with and without MetS in southern China. MATERIAL AND METHODS: There were 81 participants (39 with MetS and 42 without MetS) in this cross-sectional study. The expression of lncRNAs in PBMCs was evaluated by quantitative reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction (qRT-PCR). The risks of SRA and PBMCs to SRA ratios contributing to the presence of MetS were estimated by univariate and multivariate logistic regression models. The area under the receiver (AUC) operating characteristic curve was employed to evaluate diagnostic accuracy. RESULTS: MetS was positively correlated with cortisol, interleukin 6 (IL-6), white blood cell to SRA ratio (WTSR), lymphocyte to SRA ratio (LTSR), monocyte to SRA ratio (MTSR), and PBMC to SRA ratio (PTSR). A receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve analysis was performed to assess the value of LTSR (OR: 0.722; p < 0.001) for predicting MetS. The area under the curve yielded a cut-off value of 0.483, with a sensitivity of 76.9% and a specificity of 71.4% (p < 0.001). CONCLUSION: In summary, SRA in PBMCs may be an important biomarker of stress reaction and may play a role in vulnerability to MetS. Also, the lymphocyte to SRA ratio demonstrated high accuracy in the diagnosis of MetS.

Development and validation of nomograms to intraoperatively predict metastatic patterns in regional lymph nodes in patients diagnosed with esophageal cancer.

BACKGROUND: An accurate intraoperative prediction of lymph node metastatic risk can help surgeons in choosing precise surgical procedures. We aimed to develop and validate nomograms to intraoperatively predict patterns of regional lymph node (LN) metastasis in patients with esophageal cancer. METHODS: The prediction model was developed in a training cohort consisting of 487 patients diagnosed with esophageal cancer who underwent esophagectomy with complete LN dissection from January 2016 to December 2016. Univariate and multivariable logistic regression were used to identify independent risk factors that were incorporated into a prediction model and used to construct a nomogram. Contrast-enhanced computed tomography reported LN status and was an important comparative factor of clinical usefulness in a validation cohort. Nomogram performance was assessed in terms of calibration, discrimination, and clinical usefulness. An independent validation cohort comprised 206 consecutive patients from January 2017 to December 2017. RESULTS: Univariate analysis and multivariable logistic regression revealed three independent predictors of metastatic regional LNs, three independent predictors of continuous regional LNs, and two independent predictors of skipping regional LNs. Independent predictors were used to build three individualized prediction nomograms. The models showed good calibration and discrimination, with area under the curve (AUC) values of 0.737, 0.738, and 0.707. Application of the nomogram in the validation cohort yielded good calibration and discrimination, with AUC values of 0.728, 0.668, and 0.657. Decision curve analysis demonstrated that the three nomograms were clinically useful in the validation cohort. CONCLUSION: This study presents three nomograms that incorporate clinicopathologic factors, which can be used to facilitate the intraoperative prediction of metastatic regional LN patterns in patients with esophageal cancer.

Associations of Suicide and Subjective Well-Being.

The aim of this study is to examine relationships between suicide and subjective well-being. Correlation and regression analysis are conducted on 81 countries' aggregate data from United Nation agencies. Generally, suicide is not significantly related to life satisfaction; or negative affect, or positive social emotion, but significantly negatively related to positive self-emotion, or positive interpersonal emotion. In preventing suicide, subjective well-being's affective aspect might play a more important role than its cognitive aspect, positive affect might play a more important role than negative affect, and the personal aspect of positive affect might play a more important role than the social aspect.

PBMCs to Stress-Associated miR-18a-5p and miR-22-3p Ratios as New Indicators of Metabolic Syndrome.

PURPOSE: Metabolic syndrome (MetS) is associated with chronic stress. miR-18a-5p and miR-22-3p are two miRNAs which can target the glucocorticoid receptor. This study looked at the changes in metabolic parameters and the predictive value of the peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) to stress-associated miRNA ratios as new indicators in subjects with and without MetS in southern China. Patients and Methods. There were 81 participants (39 with MetS and 42 without MetS) in this cross-sectional study. The potential miRNAs were filtrated in the GEO database. The expression of miR-18a-5p and miR-22-3p in PBMCs was evaluated by quantitative reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction (qRT-PCR). The risk of miRNA and PBMCs to stress-associated miRNA ratios contributing to the presence of MetS was estimated by univariate and multivariate logistic regression models. The area under the receiver operating characteristic curve (AUC) was used to evaluate diagnostic accuracy. RESULTS: MetS was positively correlated with cortisol, IL-6, lymphocyte to miR-18a-5p ratio (LT18R), lymphocyte to miR-22-3p ratio (LT22R), monocyte to miR-18a-5p ratio (MT18R), monocyte to miR-22-3p ratio (MT22R), PBMCs to miR-18a-5p ratio (PT18R), and PBMCs to miR-22-3p ratio (PT22R) and negatively associated with the expression levels of miR-18a-5p and miR-22-3p (P < 0.05). In addition, PT18R (odds ratio: 0.894; 95% CI: 0.823-0.966; P < 0.001) and PT22R (odds ratio: 0.809; 95% CI: 0.717-0.900; P < 0.001) were independent predictors of MetS, respectively. A receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve analysis was performed to assess the value of the PT18R-PT22R (PMR) panel (odds ratio: 0.905; 95% CI: 0.838-0.971; P < 0.001) for predicting MetS. The area under the curve yielded a cut-off value of 0.608, with sensitivity of 74.4% and specificity of 95.2% (P < 0.001). CONCLUSION: In summary, miR-18a-5p and miR-22-3p in PBMCs may be important biomarkers of stress reaction and may play a role in vulnerability to MetS. Besides, the inflammatory cells to the two miRNA ratios demonstrated high accuracy in the diagnosis of MetS.

Predictive value of dynamic contrast-enhanced MRI of original plaque on carotid artery in-stent restenosis / 上海交通大学学报（医学版）

Objective: To explore the value of dynamic contrast-enhanced MR imaging (DCE-MRI) of original plaque to predict carotid artery in-stent restenosis (ISR). Methods: Forty cases of the patients with carotid atherosclerosis who were to undergo the carotid artery stenting (CAS) were included in this study. All participants underwent vessel wall MR imaging (VW-MRI) and DCE-MRI within one week before CAS. Carotid digital subtraction angiography (DSA) were performed at the sixth month to reassess the stenosis of stent. The correlation between DCE-MRI and ISR was evaluated. Results: The level of Ktran in ISR group was significantly higher than that in non-ISR group (P=0.000), and so was the vP (P=0.037). Ktrans could independently predict ISR (OR=1.43, 95%CI 1.17-1.56, P=0.012), and the cut-off value of Ktrans was 0.09 min-1 (sensitivity=100%, specificity=87.5%). Conclusion: Intraplaque inflammation may lead to excessive intimal hyperplasia after ISR. Ktrans could be a risk predictor of ISR with high sensitivity and specificity. DCE-MRI could be an effective tool to predict ISR.

[Association of metabolic syndrome with chronic kidney disease in premenopausal and postmenopausal women].

OBJECTIVE: To explore the relationship between metabolic syndrome (MS) and the risk for chronic kidney disease (CKD) in premenopausal and postmenopausal women. METHODS: We conducted a cross-sectional study among 1346 community-based women from June to October 2012 and collected the data of personal history, lifestyle, physical measures and laboratory indicators. The diagnosis of CKD was established for an eGFR of less than 60 mL/min per 1.73 m2 or albuminuria. The diagnosis of metabolic syndrome was based on the International Diabetes Federation Guide. According to an epidemiological survey in Guangdong province, women older than 48.9 years were classified as having a postmenopausal status. The prevalence of MS and CKD was determined in both the premenopausal and postmenopausal women, and the association between MS and CKD was analyzed using logistic regression models. RESULTS: MS was significantly correlated with CKD in premenopausal women in both unadjusted analyses (OR=3.10, 95% CI: 1.32-7.28, P=0.009) and in analysis after adjustment for potential confounders (OR=4.09, 95% CI: 1.63- 10.32, P=0.003). When adjusted for diabetes, hypertension, and hyperuricemia, no correlation was found between MS and CKD in premenopausal women (OR=1.56, 95% CI: 0.31-7.63, P= 0.592); in the unadjusted analyses, MS was significantly correlated with CKD in postmenopausal women (P < 0.001). After further adjustment for age, education status, current smoking, physical inactivity, and current drinking, MS was still significantly correlated with CKD (OR=2.60, 95% CI: 1.69-3.99, P < 0.001). When adjusted for diabetes, hypertension, and hyperuricemia, the correlation between MS and CKD was still significant (OR=1.61, 95% CI: 1.09-2.37, P=0.018). In the unadjusted model, a high blood pressure (OR=2.77, 95%CI: 1.57-4.89, P < 0.001), an elevated serum triglyceride level (OR=1.84, 95%CI: 1.16-2.90, P=0.009) and a high fast glucose level (OR=2.07, 95%CI: 1.30-3.28, P=0.002) were all significantly correlated with CKD in postmenopausal women. After adjusting for age, current smoking, current alcohol use, education status and physical inactivity, a high blood pressure (OR=2.28, 95%CI: 1.22-4.26, P=0.01), a high serum triglyceride level (OR=1.71, 95%CI: 1.03-2.86, P=0.039) and a high fast glucose (OR=2.25, 95%CI: 1.36-3.73, P=0.002) were still significantly correlated with CKD in postmenopausal women. Blood pressure, serum triglyceride level, fast glucose, serum HDL cholesterol level and central obesity were not correlated with CKD in either the unadjusted model or adjusted model in premenopausal women (P > 0.05). CONCLUSIONS: MS is correlated with CKD in both premenopausal and postmenopausal women, and the association is dependent on diabetes, hypertension, and hyperuricemia in premenopausal women but not in postmenopausal women.

Clinicopathologic predictors of metastasis of different regional lymph nodes in patients intraoperatively diagnosed with stage-I non-small cell lung cancer.

BACKGROUND: Selection of the best lymph node for dissection is a controversial topic in clinical stage-I non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC). Here, we sought to identify the clinicopathologic predictors of regional lymph node metastasis in patients intraoperatively diagnosed with stage-I NSCLC. METHODS: A retrospective review of 595 patients intraoperatively diagnosed as stage I non-small-cell lung cancer who underwent lobectomy with complete lymph node dissection was performed. Univariate and multivariable logistic regression analysis was performed to determine the independent predictors of regional lymph node metastasis. RESULTS: Univariate logistic regression and multivariable analysis revealed three independent predictors of the presence of metastatic hilar lymph nodes, five independent predictors for lobe specific mediastinal lymph nodes, two independent predictors for lobe nonspecific mediastinal lymph nodes and two independent predictors for skipping mediastinal lymph nodes. CONCLUSIONS: A complete mediastinal lymph node dissection may be considered for patients suspected of nerve invasion and albumin (> 43.1 g/L) or nerve and vascular invasions. Lobe-specific lymph node dissection should probably be performed for patients suspected of pulmonary membrane invasion, vascular invasion, CEA (> 2.21 ng/mL), and tumor (> 1.6 cm) in the right lower lobe or mixed lobes. Hilar lymph node dissection should probably be performed for patients suspected of having bronchial mucosa and cartilage invasion, vascular invasion, and CEA (> 2.21 ng/mL).

Efficacy and safety of glucocorticoids for patients with IgA nephropathy: a meta-analysis.

BACKGROUND: The efficacy and safety of glucocorticoids for the treatment of patients with IgA nephropathy (IgAN) remains controversial. The aim of the study is to perform a metaanalysis of randomized controlled trials to evaluate the efficacy and safety of glucocorticoids for patients with IgAN. METHODS: We searched PubMed, EMBASE and the Cochrane Library and article reference lists of Controlled Trials, and Clinical Trial Registries for randomized controlled trials comparing glucocorticoids with other non-immunosuppressive agents in patients with IgAN. RESULTS: The present meta-analysis, including 10 RCTs and 791 patients from 12 published studies, showed that using glucocorticoids agents relatively preserves kidney function(RR 0.06, 95% CI 0.14-0.61) and plays an effective role on reducing the proteinuria(SMD, - 0.69; 95% CI 0.85 to - 0.53, p < 0.00001; heterogeneity I2 = 0%; p = 0.09) compared with a control group. Moreover, adverse events cannot be neglected, especially gastrointestinal tract (RR 3.10, 95% CI 1.37-6.98, p = 0.006; heterogeneity I2 = 0%, p = 0.86), and corticosteroid regimens in IgAN should be reviewed with regard to safety. CONCLUSIONS: Glucocorticoids were wildly used to treat various diseases including IgAN. Meanwhile, adverse events cannot be neglected, such as gastrointestinal adverse events, infection and so on. Corticosteroid should be used with reserve, especially in those patients with hypertension and impaired renal function or older patients.

Urinary Extracellular Vesicle: A Potential Source of Early Diagnostic and Therapeutic Biomarker in Diabetic Kidney Disease.

OBJECTIVE: Diabetic kidney disease (DKD) has become one of the major causes of end-stage renal disease. Urinary extracellular vesicles (uEVs) contain rich biological information which could be the ideal source for noninvasive biomarkers of DKD. This review discussed the potential early diagnostic and therapeutic values of proteins and microRNAs in uEVs in DKD. DATA SOURCES: This review was based articles published in PubMed, Embase, Cochrane, and Google Scholar databases up to November 20, 2017, with the following keywords: "Diabetic kidney disease", "Extracellular vesicle", and "Urine". STUDY SELECTION: Relevant articles were carefully reviewed, with no exclusions applied to the study design and publication type. RESULTS: There is no "gold standard" technology to separate and/or purify uEVs. The uEVs contain a variety of proteins and RNAs and participate in the physiological and pathological processes of the kidney. UEVs, especially urinary exosomes, may be useful biomarkers for early diagnosis and treatment to DKD. Furthermore, the uEVs has been used as a therapeutic target for DKD. CONCLUSION: Proteins and nucleic acids in uEVs represent promising biomarker for the diagnosis and treatment of DKD.

miR-125b is downregulated in systemic lupus erythematosus patients and inhibits autophagy by targeting UVRAG.

Systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) is a severe autoimmune disease and the pathogenesis remains incompletely understood. This study aimed to investigate the role of miR-125b in the pathogenesis of SLE and explore the underlying mechanism. Compared to healthy controls, the expression of miR-125b decreased in peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) of SLE patients. In addition, PBMCs exposed to ultraviolet B had lower miR-125b level compared to those unexposed to radiation. We identified UV radiation resistance associated gene (UVRAG) as a target of miR-125b. Jurkat cells treated with miR-125b-5p agomir showed reduced levels of ATG7, Beclin-1 and LC3 II and decreased autophagy. In contrast, Jurkat cells treated with miR-125b-5p antagomir showed increased levels of ATG7, Beclin-1 and LC3 II and increased autophagy. Furthermore, Jurkat cells transfected with UVRAG expression vector showed higher expression of ATG7, Beclin-1 and LC3 II and increased autophagy. Conversely, cells transfected with UVRAG siRNA had lower expression of ATG7, Beclin-1 and LC3 II and decreased autophagy. Taken together, our data demonstrate that Ultraviolet B radiation can downregulate miR-125b-5p and increase UVRAG expression and autophagy activity in PBMCs of SLE patients. These findings help explain how ultraviolet B exacerbates SLE and suggest that UVRAG is a potential therapeutic target for SLE.

A New Insight into the Roles of MiRNAs in Metabolic Syndrome.

Metabolic syndrome (MetS), which includes several clinical components such as abdominal obesity, insulin resistance (IR), dyslipidemia, microalbuminuria, hypertension, proinflammatory state, and oxidative stress (OS), has become a global epidemic health issue contributing to a high risk of type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). In recent years, microRNAs (miRNAs), used as noninvasive biomarkers for diagnosis and therapy, have aroused global interest in complex processes in health and diseases, including MetS and its components. MiRNAs can exist stably in serum, liver, skeletal muscle (SM), heart muscle, adipose tissue (AT), and ßcells, because of their ability to escape the digestion of RNase. Here we first present an overall review on recent findings of the relationship between miRNAs and several main components of MetS, such as IR, obesity, diabetes, lipid metabolism, hypertension, hyperuricemia, and stress, to illustrate the targeting proteins or relevant pathways that are involved in the progress of MetS and also help us find promising novel diagnostic and therapeutic strategies.