[Blood-lipid levels of 20 041 kindergarten children aged 3 to 6 in Tianjin].

OBJECTIVE: To understand the level of blood-lipid and prevalence of dyslipidemia of children aged 3 to 6 in Tianjin, so as to provide evidence for large-scale blood screening strategy and to develop intervention of dyslipidemia and cardiovascular in children. METHODS: 20,041 children aged 3 to 6 from 48 kindergartens were involved in this study, in Tianjin. Peripheral blood was collected from right leech-finger of these children, after fatless breakfast. Total cholesterol (TC) and triglyceride (TG) of plasma were tested using Toshiba 120 Automatic Biochemical Analyzer. RESULTS: The average levels of TC and TG were (4.17±0.69) mmol/L and (0.86±0.44) mmol/L in these children. 11.4% of the children had either TC or TG dyslipidemia, with 7.1% had only TC dyslipidemia, 4.9% had only TG dyslipidemia, and 0.6% of them had both TC and TG dyslipidemia. The prevalence of TC dyslipidemia was significantly higher among girls than boys. The prevalence rates of TC dyslipidemia and TG dyslipidemia were different among age groups, but with no significant changes among age groups. The prevalence of TG dyslipidemia was significantly different, with obese children higher than those with normal or overweight children. Different residential areas seemed to be related to the difference on the prevalence of dyslipidemia. Prevalence of TC dyslipidemia was higher in urban than in rural areas. Prevalence of TG dyslipidemia was higher in rural than urban areas. CONCLUSION: The prevalence of dyslipidemia for children aged 3 to 6 was high in Tianjin, and showed differences among genders, age groups and residential regions. Screening and intervention programs on dyslipidemia should be undertaken routinely in children, in order to prevent adult atherosclerosis and coronary heart disease.

[Prevalence and associated factors of school physical violence behaviors among middle school students in Beijing].

OBJECTIVE: To described the prevalence of school physical violence behaviors and to explore its associated factors among middle school students in Beijing. METHODS: In 2009, a randomly selected cross-sectional survey was conducted among 5718 students in grades 7 to 12 in Beijing. A self-report anonymous questionnaire involving physical violence at school and socio-demographic variables, such as sex, grades, family economic status and family structure, peer relationships, and communication with their parents etc. were completed by students themselves. Logistic regression was used to estimate the association between physical violence and socio-demographic variables. RESULTS: Among the students, 14.3% reported that they had had physical violence behavior in school during the past 12 months. Male students had been more likely to have physical violence behaviors than female students (Male 25.2%, Female 5.1%). For both male and female students, poor school cohesion were the risk factors of physical violence behaviors (Male OR = 1.060, Female OR = 1.065). For male students, factors as father's lower education level (OR = 1.653), remarried/single-parent families (OR = 1.834), low-grade (grade 7 OR = 5.291; grade 11 OR = 1.526), poor school performance (OR = 1.470) etc were the risk factors of physical violence behaviors; while better-off family economic status (OR = 0.546), good peer relationships (OR = 0.618), and easy to communicate with the father (OR = 0.756) were the protective factors of physical violence behaviors. For female students, easy to communicate with her mother (OR = 0.358) were the protective factors of physical violence behaviors. CONCLUSION: For male and female students, the prevalence of school physical violence and its related factors were different. Actions on prevention against physical violence behaviors should be fully considered, including factors as gender, personal characteristics, family, school and peers etc.

[The prevalence of bullying behaviors among urban middle school students in 18 provinces, China].

OBJECTIVE: To find out the prevalence of bullying behaviors among urban middle school students in China. METHODS: An anonymous questionnaire survey was conducted among middle school students selected by multiply stage cluster random sampling in 18 provinces in China. 187 328 self-administration questionnaires were finished by students from grade 7 to 12 in urban middle school (male, 86,472; female, 91,106), in which 177,578 were valid. RESULTS: Bullying was common in urban middle school students in China. Multiple bullying behavior also existed. About 66.1% of boys and 48.8% of girls suffered from one or more kinds of bullying; 8.1% of boys and 2.9% of girls suffered from four or more kinds of bullying. Boys were more likely to be bullied than girls. Malicious teasing was the most common bullying behavior(43.2%), followed by sexual bullying behavior (27.0%). In addition to malicious teasing and sexual bullying, the prevalence of other types of bullying declined when the grade was increasing. Residential students were more likely to be maliciously teased, excluded or isolated and sexual bullied than non-residential students. Students from single-parent or recomposed-families wer more likely to be bullied than other students. Male and ordinary school students,students living with single or step-parents were more likely to suffer multiple bullying behaviors at the same time. CONCLUSION: The suggesting among students was associated with personal, familiar and social factors, mobilize more social forces and comprehensive actions to be taken to prevent bullying among students.