Highly efficient anion exchange membrane water electrolyzers via chromium-doped amorphous electrocatalysts.

In-depth comprehension and modulation of the electronic structure of the active metal sites is crucial to enhance their intrinsic activity of electrocatalytic oxygen evolution reaction (OER) toward anion exchange membrane water electrolyzers (AEMWEs). Here, we elaborate a series of amorphous metal oxide catalysts (FeCrOx, CoCrOx and NiCrOx) with high performance AEMWEs by high-valent chromium dopant. We discover that the positive effect of the transition from low to high valence of the Co site on the adsorption energy of the intermediate and the lower oxidation barrier is the key factor for its increased activity by synchrotron radiation in-situ techniques. Particularly, the CoCrOx anode catalyst achieves the high current density of 1.5 A cm-2 at 2.1 V and maintains for over 120 h with attenuation less than 4.9 mV h-1 in AEMWE testing. Such exceptional performance demonstrates a promising prospect for industrial application and providing general guidelines for the design of high-efficiency AEMWEs systems.

The effect of mind-body exercise in lung cancer patients: a meta-analysis of RCTs.

PURPOSE: This study aimed to evaluate the impact of mind-body exercise (yoga, tai chi, qigong, etc.) on lung cancer. METHODS: We performed a literature search of the electronic databases PubMed, Web of Science, Cochrane Library, Embase, CNKI, CBM, WanFang Data, and VIP from their inception to 16 May 2023. The primary outcome was the 6-min walk test (6MWT), while the secondary outcomes were anxiety levels and quality of life (QoL). Two independent reviewers performed the data extraction using a predefined protocol and assessed the risk of bias using the Cochrane risk of bias (ROB) tool for randomized controlled trials, with differences agreed by consensus. Meta-analysis was performed using RevMan 5.4 and Stata 15 software to analyze the extracted data. RESULTS: This meta-analysis included a total of 11 studies involving 897 patients. The results indicated that compared to the usual care group, lung cancer patients in the mind-body exercise group could increase the 6-min walk distance (5 studies, 346 participants, WMD: 18.83, 95% CI (7.55, 30.10) P = 0.001), reduce anxiety levels (4 studies, 362 participants, SMD: - 1.51, 95% CI (- 1.74, - 1.27), P < 0.05), and enhance the overall quality of life (6 studies, 594 participants, SMD: 0.71, 95% CI (0.10, 1.31), P = 0.02). The overall certainty of the evidence for all outcomes was low; seven studies were judged to be at low risk of bias, and four studies were judged to be at moderate risk of bias. CONCLUSION: Mind-body exercise could improve exercise capacity in lung cancer survivors, reduce anxiety, and positively affect overall quality of life. PROSPERO REGISTRATION NUMBER: CRD42023426800.

A theoretical study on the effect of C60 particles on the growth of coronene radical based on HACA pathway.

Soot is a pollutant caused by combustion and is harmful to the environment and human health. Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) are considered the precursors of soot, thus exploring the growth mechanism of PAHs is conducive to reducing soot release. The mechanism by which a pentagonal carbon ring triggers the formation of curved PAHs has been demonstrated but studies on subsequent growth of soot are rare due to the lack of a suitable model. Buckminsterfullerene (C60), as one of the products from incomplete combustion under specific conditions, is similar in structure to soot particles with a surface that can be treated as curved PAH. Coronene (C24H12) is a typical seven-membered fused-ring PAH. In this study, C60 was employed as a substitute for soot particles to investigate its effect on coronene growth reaction based on the hydrogen-abstraction/acetylene-addition (HACA) mechanism. Density functional theory (DFT) at the M062X/6-31G(d,p) level was adopted to investigate the potential energy surfaces (PESs) for these reactions. The high-pressure limiting rate constants for the relevant reactions were obtained based on transition state theory. The calculated results indicate that C60 is easily hydrogenated, providing new pathways for coronene growth. Soot particles have a certain effect on the growth of PAHs. This study provides favorable support for further understanding the effect of soot on the growth pathway of PAHs.