ABSTRACT
Hemobilia is a rare biliary complication of liver transplantation. The predominant cause of hemobilia is iatrogenic, and it is often associated with traumatic operations, such as percutaneous liver intervention, endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography, cholecystectomy, biliary tract surgery, and liver transplantation. Percutaneous transhepatic cholangiography and liver biopsy are two major causes of hemobilia in liver transplant recipients. Hemobilia may also be caused by coagulation defects. It can form intracholedochal hematomas, causing obstructive jaundice. Herein we describe a patient with an intracholedochal hematoma resulting in significant obstructive jaundice after liver transplantation for fulminant hepatic failure. Previous studies have shown that percutaneous transhepatic manipulation is a major cause of hemobilia after liver transplantation, but in our case, percutaneous transhepatic intervention was used to relieve the biliary obstruction and dissolve the biliary clot, with a good outcome.
Subject(s)
Biliary Tract Surgical Procedures/methods , Hemobilia/therapy , Adult , Biliary Tract Diseases/complications , Biliary Tract Diseases/pathology , Biopsy/adverse effects , Blood Coagulation Disorders/diagnosis , Female , Humans , Jaundice, Obstructive/diagnosis , Jaundice, Obstructive/diagnostic imaging , Liver/pathology , Liver Failure, Acute/diagnosis , Liver Transplantation/adverse effects , Tomography, X-Ray Computed , Treatment Outcome , Ultrasonography, DopplerABSTRACT
Phyllodes tumor of the breast is a rare disease constituting 0.3-0.9% of all breast neoplasms. Occurring mainly in females aged 35 to 55 yr, the disease is especially rare among adolescent females. There is no published literature about de novo phyllodes tumor after liver transplantation. Here we describe a case of de novo phyllodes tumors in an adolescent female after liver transplantation from a living donor for Wilson disease.
Subject(s)
Breast Neoplasms/complications , Hepatolenticular Degeneration/complications , Liver Transplantation/adverse effects , Phyllodes Tumor/complications , Adolescent , Breast Neoplasms/diagnostic imaging , Breast Neoplasms/etiology , Cyclosporine/therapeutic use , Female , Hepatolenticular Degeneration/etiology , Humans , Immunosuppression Therapy , Immunosuppressive Agents/therapeutic use , Magnetic Resonance Imaging/methods , Phyllodes Tumor/etiology , Recurrence , Remission Induction , Tacrolimus/therapeutic use , Ultrasonography/methodsABSTRACT
The principal refractive indices of a Nd0.007Gd0.993VO4 crystal for wavelengths of 0.488, 0.6328, 1.064, 1.0795, and 1.3414 microm under the temperature range of 20-170 degrees C are measured by the autocollimation method, and the Sellmeier's equation and the expression of the thermal refractive-index coefficient are then obtained. The reliability of these results is checked by comparing the calculated values with the measured values for the measured wavelengths and the temperature region, as well as with the published values by Studenikin et al. [Quantum Electron. 25, 1162-1165 (1995)] for wavelengths of 0.491, 0.546, 0.578, 0.632, 0.808, and 1.062 microm at 20 degrees C. In addition, the birefringence and the thermal coefficient of the birefringence were obtained by measured results. The results show that the birefringence is larger than that of a YVO4 crystal and that the thermal coefficient of birefringence is less than that of a YVO4 crystal. Therefore it can be expected that the GdVO4 crystal is not only an excellent laser crystal but also an excellent birefringent crystal used in a modern optical transmission system as a passive fiber-optic component.
