ABSTRACT
OBJECTIVE: Waiganfengsha Granule, an over-the-counter drug, is commonly used for treating windheat cold and sore throat in clinical settings. However, its material basis of medicinal efficacy is still unclear. In this study, an efficient integrated analytical strategy was established for its chemical and metabolite profiles study. METHODS: Firstly, to avoid the possible false-positive results of structural elucidation, an in-house component library that contains chemical constituents reported in the literature from the six individual medicines of Waiganfengsha Granule was established. Secondary, mass data post-processing techniques, including precursor ion list and neutral loss filtering, were applied to enhance the identification accuracy. Thirdly, for the rapid characterization of those absorbed components after oral administration in rats, the identified chemical constituents were used as candidate components for the serum analysis. By comparing the retention time and analyzing mass data, the metabolites in rat plasma were identified. RESULTS: As a result, 57 chemical ingredients were identified, including 21 phenolic acids, 9 alkaloids, 2 flavonoids, 5 lignins, 13 saponins, and 7 other compounds. Among these, 12 compounds were unambiguously identified by comparison with reference standards, and 45 were tentatively characterized by analyzing their accurate MS data, MS/MS fragmentation patterns, and also by comparison with those data reported in the literature. Additionally, 46 metabolites were detected and identified in rat plasma. CONCLUSION: This study is beneficial for understanding the chemical composition and metabolic profiles of Waiganfengsha Granule, and the results obtained might provide a solid basis for further studies on its functional mechanism.
ABSTRACT
RATIONALE AND OBJECTIVES: To investigate the safety and efficacy of ultrasound-guided radiofrequency ablation (RFA) in the treatment of gallbladder polyps. MATERIALS AND METHODS: A retrospective analysis was conducted on the medical records of 296 patients diagnosed with gallbladder polyps. The study observed the changes in lesions post-procedure within the ablation group, and compared whether there was a difference in the gallbladder contraction rate in patients before and after ablation. It also compared the liver function indicators before and after surgery, some indicators during the periprocedural period, and the incidence of complications in two groups of patients. RESULTS: In the ablation group, all lesions (84/84) were completely ablated, and the absorption effect of the ablation lesions was good after the ablation. No significant differences were observed in the gallbladder contraction rate before ablation compared to 1 month and 3 months post-ablation (p > 0.05). After the operation, statistically significant differences were observed in ALT and TP between the two groups (all p < 0.05). Significant differences were observed between the two groups in terms of hospital stay, procedural time, postprocedural mobilization time, postprocedural exhaust time, postprocedural eating time, and VAS score on postprocedural day 3 (all p < 0.05). There was no significant difference in the incidence of complications between the two groups (x2=0.477ï¼p = 0.490). CONCLUSION: Our findings demonstrate that ultrasound-guided RFA is a safe, effective, and feasible treatment for gallbladder polyps, as it not only effectively eliminates the polyps but also preserves the physiological functions of the gallbladder.