Multiview Deep Learning-based Efficient Medical Data Management for Survival Time Forecasting.

In recent years, data-driven remote medical management has received much attention, especially in application of survival time forecasting. By monitoring the physical characteristics indexes of patients, intelligent algorithms can be deployed to implement efficient healthcare management. However, such pure medical data-driven scenes generally lack multimedia information, which brings challenge to analysis tasks. To deal with this issue, this paper introduces the idea of ensemble deep learning to enhance feature representation ability, thus enhancing knowledge discovery in remote healthcare management. Therefore, a multiview deep learning-based efficient medical data management framework for survival time forecasting is proposed in this paper, which is named as "MDL-MDM" for short. Firstly, basic monitoring data for body indexes of patients is encoded, which serves as the data foundation for forecasting tasks. Then, three different neural network models, convolution neural network, graph attention network, and graph convolution network, are selected to build a hybrid computing framework. Their combination can bring a multiview feature learning framework to realize an efficient medical data management framework. In addition, experiments are conducted on a realistic medical dataset about cancer patients in the US. Results show that the proposal can predict survival time with 1% to 2% reduction in prediction error.

Ultrasound contrast-enhanced diagnosis of testicular Leydig cell tumor: A case report and literature review.

Leydig cell tumor (LCT) is a rare testicular tumor. We report a case of an elderly male patient who discovered a left testicular mass during a regular health examination four years ago. The patient did not experience any significant discomfort and opted for regular follow-up visits. During the most recent visit, we performed routine ultrasound and contrast-enhanced ultrasound (CEUS) examinations. By observing the lesion's location, echogenicity, margins, vascular distribution, as well as the rapid enhancement and slow washout characteristics on contrast-enhanced ultrasound, we arrived at a diagnosis of LCT. Subsequently, the patient underwent left inguinal orchiectomy. Postoperative pathology and immunohistochemistry confirmed the diagnosis of LCT. Additionally, we conducted a comprehensive review of LCT-related literature from PubMed and SCOPUS, summarizing the clinical features, follow-up duration, prognosis, and ultrasound characteristics associated with LCT.

The relationship between childhood maltreatment and learning engagement of high school students: the role of growth mindset and beliefs about adversity.

Objective: To explore the relationship between childhood maltreatment, growth mindset, beliefs about adversity and learning engagement among high school students. Methods: Research participants were selected by random cluster sampling.652 high school students (50.2% male and 49.8% female) from five high schools were investigated using paper-pencil survey versions of Child Trauma Questionnaire, The Utrecht Work Engagement Scale-student, Growth Mindset Scale, and The Beliefs About Adversity Scale. Results: Childhood maltreatment had a significant negative effect on high school students' learning engagement. Childhood maltreatment directly predicted high school students' learning engagement and also had an indirect negative predictive effect on learning engagement via growth mindset. Conclusion: Growth mindset plays a mediating role between childhood maltreatment and learning engagement. The beliefs about adversity moderated the relationship between childhood maltreatment and growth mindset, as well as the relationship between childhood maltreatment and learning engagement. This study has empirical implications for helping high school students who have experienced childhood maltreatment to develop growth mindset and teaching students to adopt positive adversity beliefs in response to trauma during psychological interventions, thereby increasing high school students' engagement in learning.

The Effect of Just-World Beliefs on Cyberaggression: A Moderated Mediation Model.

(1) Background: To examine the relationship among just-world beliefs, self-control, and cyberaggression among college students. (2) Methods: A total of 1133 college students were surveyed using the just-world belief scale, self-control scale, and cyberaggression scale. (3) Results: The results showed that college students with low levels of belief in justice frequently showed cyberaggression; belief in a just world directly and negatively predicted cyberaggression, and indirectly predicted student cyberaggression through self-control; gender moderated the indirect effect of self-control on cyberaggression and the direct effect of belief in a just world on cyberaggression. (4) Conclusions: Belief in a just world significantly and negatively predicts cyberaggression; self-control has an indirect significant effect on cyberaggression; the direct effect of belief in a just world on cyberaggression and the mediating effect of self-control on this association are moderated by gender.

Post-traumatic stress disorders, anxiety, and depression in college students during the COVID-19 pandemic: a cross-sectional study.

OBJECTIVES: The COVID-19 pandemic has caused an increase in psychiatric disorders in college students, particularly posttraumatic stress disorders (PTSD), depression, and anxiety. While existing studies assess the prevalence of these disorders and their predictors, they overlook potential complications caused by comorbidity between these disorders. To fill this gap, this study examined the prevalence of PTSD, depression, anxiety, and their comorbidity to inform targeted intervention for college students during the COVID-19 pandemic. DESIGN: Self-report questionnaires were used to assess 6,898 college students about six months after the COVID-19 outbreak. RESULTS: The results found that the prevalence of PTSD, depression, and anxiety were 15.5%, 32.2%, and 32.1% respectively, and the prevalence of comorbid PTSD and depression, comorbid PTSD and anxiety, comorbid depression and anxiety, and comorbid PTSD, depression, and anxiety symptoms were 11.5%, 11.6%, 20.4%, and 9.4% respectively. Moreover, left-behind status, lower economic status, previous trauma experiences, exposure to the pandemic, and rumination were risk factors of psychological distress, but self-disclosure was a protective factor for these disorders. CONCLUSION: These results indicate that distinct psychiatric disorders may be comorbid in individuals, and are further influenced by pre-, within-, and post-disaster factors. Furthermore, psychological service targeted at college students should pay attention to comorbid symptoms rather than only symptoms of single disorders.

The mechanism of chemokine receptor ACKR2 in cognitive impairment in young rats with traumatic brain injury.

OBJECTIVE: To investigate the role of chemokine receptor ACKR2 in cognitive impairment in young rats with traumatic brain injury. METHODS: Seventy-five young rats were randomly divided into TBI group, TBI+Negative control (NC) group, TBI+Sensory integration (SI) group, TBI+Atypical chemokine receptor 2 (ACKR2) group and TBI+SI+ACKR2 group. We employed several techniques, including the water maze test, transmission electron microscope, HE staining, enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay, RT-PCR, western blotting to elucidate the role of ACKR2 in young rats with traumatic brain injury. RESULTS: We observed that the ability of learning and memory were significantly decreased, the serum inflammatory factors CCL2, IL-1ß and TNF-α were increased, the expression of Tau and NG2 was increased, and the expression of ACKR2 was decreased in TBI rats. After ACKR2 overexpression combined with SI, the learning ability and memory ability of TBI rats were improved, the levels of CCL2, IL-1ß, TNF-α were decreased, the expressions of Tau and NG2 were decreased, which were better than those of SI and ACKR2 groups. CONCLUSION: ACKR2 may be an effective method for improving the results after TBI in young rats.

The relationship between fear of recurrence and depression in patients with cancer: The role of invasive rumination and catastrophizing.

Objective: To examine the relationship between fear of recurrence and depression in patients with cancer. Materials and methods: Two hundred and fifty-nine participants completed self-report questionnaires, including the Fear of Progression Questionnaire-Short Form, Rumination Inventory, Cognitive Emotion Regulation Questionnaire (Chinese version), and Center for Epidemiological Studies Depression Scale. Results: Fear of recurrence in patients with cancer was moderate, and the level of depression was significantly higher than that in the normal population. Fear of recurrence, invasive rumination, catastrophizing, and depression in patients with cancer were significantly positively correlated. The level of fear of recurrence was a significant positive predictor of the level of depression. Invasive rumination played a partial mediating role between fear of recurrence and depression; that is, fear of recurrence directly affected depression, and fear of recurrence indirectly affected depression through invasive rumination. Catastrophizing played a moderating role in the mediation model, in which fear of recurrence affected depression through invasive rumination. Conclusion: Invasive rumination plays a mediating role between fear of recurrence and depression in patients with cancer. Catastrophizing moderates the relationship between fear of recurrence and depression as well as the relationship between invasive rumination and depression.

The relationship between childhood trauma and post-traumatic growth among college students: The role of acceptance and positive reappraisal.

Objective: To examine the relationship among childhood trauma, acceptance, positive reappraisal and post-traumatic growth (PTG) among college students. Methods: Research participants were selected by random cluster sampling. 1,028 college students (62.6% female, 30.5% only-children) from 8 universities were investigated using manuscript-pencil survey versions of Childhood Trauma Questionnaire-Short Form (CTQ-SF), Cognitive emotion regulation questionnaire-Chinese version (CERQ-C) and Post traumatic Growth Inventory (PTGI). Results: Traumatic childhood experience significantly negatively predicts post traumatic growth in college students. Exposure to traumatic experiences in childhood can directly negatively predict post-traumatic growth and indirectly positively predict post traumatic growth via acceptance. Conclusion: Acceptance plays a mediating role between childhood traumatic experience and post traumatic growth. The mediating effect of acceptance is moderated by the positive reappraisal. When individuals have a lower level of positive reappraisal, the mediating effect between traumatic experience and post traumatic growth is significant. Several clinical implications for clinical psychology and psychological intervention are highlighted. Starting with changing individual cognition and helping individuals adopt positive cognitive emotion regulation strategies can help individuals actively reevaluate traumatic experience, so as to gain better and faster counseling results.

Serum adiponectin levels are reduced in autism spectrum disorder and association with severity of symptoms.

Recent evidence highlights the role of adiponectin in the pathophysiology of autism spectrum disorder (ASD), yielding conflicting results. The aims of this study were (1) To assess the adiponectin levels of children with ASD and typical developing (TP); (2) To investigate the relationship between adiponectin levels and symptom severity of children with ASD. This is a single-center cross-sectional study from China. From December 2017 to November 2019, first-diagnosis and drug-naïve children with ASD were included. Same TP children who were matched with clinical groups by gender and age were included as the control group. The enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) kit was used to determine serum concentrations of adiponectin. We recorded 176 children (88 were ASD and 88 were TP children) and 77.3% (n = 136) were boys and the mean age was 4.3 years (standard deviations [S.D.]: 1.2). The mean (S.D.) levels of adiponectin were 9.01(2.19) and 11.55(2.32) µg/ml for those with ASD and TP subjects. The difference between those two groups was significant (t = 7.169, p < 0.001). There was a negative correlation between serum levels of adiponectin and Childhood Autism Rating Scale [CARS] score (r = -0.498, p < 0.001). At admission, 39 ASD (54.5%) had a minor autism (CARS<37). In these children, the mean (S.D.) adiponectin level was higher than that observed in children with moderate-to-severe clinical severity (10.09[2.32] vs.8.15[1.64] µg/ml, P < 0.001). This study shows that serum adiponectin. Levels are decreased in ASD when compared with in healthy children. The findings also indicate an inverse association between serum adiponectin levels and severity of symptoms in ASD.

Heterogeneous patterns of posttraumatic stress symptoms and depression in cancer patients.

BACKGROUND: Studies suggest that posttraumatic stress symptoms (PTSSs) and depression are common psychological outcomes in cancer patients and have high co-occurring prevalence. However, it is unclear whether PTSSs and depression always co-occur in cancer patients. This study aimed to clarify these co-occurring patterns. METHODS: Participants were 270 cancer patients who completed self-report questionnaires. Latent profile analysis was used to examine co-occurring patterns of PTSSs and depression. RESULTS: The results indicated four patient types: a low symptom group (n = 34, 13.0%), a depression symptom group (n = 99, 37.8%), a moderate co-occurring symptom group (n = 97, 37.0%), and a severe co-occurring symptom group (n = 32, 12.2%). Multinomial logistic regression was used to examine the role of social support, core belief challenge, and intrusive rumination in differentiating these groups. Intrusive rumination was more likely to be associated with depression symptoms, moderate co-occurring symptoms, and severe co-occurring symptoms. Core belief challenge was more likely to be associated with both moderate and severe co-occurring symptoms, and social support was less likely to be associated with moderate co-occurring symptoms. LIMITATIONS: All variables were measured using self-report scales. CONCLUSIONS: The coexisting patterns of PTSSs and depression in cancer patients are heterogeneous. Core belief challenge and intrusive rumination effectively differentiated PTSSs and depression patterns. Social support differentiated the low symptom group from the moderate co-occurring symptom group.

Co-occurring patterns of post-traumatic stress disorder and depression among flood victims: A latent profile analysis.

This study examined the co-occurring patterns of post-traumatic stress disorder and depression. A sample of 187 victims completed self-report questionnaires after a major flood disaster. Results indicated four classes: low symptoms group (49.7%), mild comorbid symptoms group (24.1%), serious comorbid symptoms group (3.2%), and medium comorbid symptoms group (23.0%). Male victims were less likely and older victims were more likely to belong to the medium comorbid symptoms group; victims with more serious trauma exposure and those using more maladaptive cognition emotional regulation strategies were more likely to belong to both the mild and medium comorbid symptoms groups.

Traumatic exposure and posttraumatic stress disorder among flood victims: Testing a multiple mediating model.

A total of 187 flood victims from Wuhu, a Chinese city affected most severely by a flood during July 2016, were selected to complete self-report measures of traumatic exposure, feelings of safety, fear, posttraumatic negative cognition, and posttraumatic stress disorder. The results found that traumatic exposure could directly predict posttraumatic stress disorder. Besides, traumatic exposure had indirect prediction on posttraumatic stress disorder through three ways, including a one-step path of negative self-cognition, a two-step path from feelings of safety to fear, and a three-step path from feelings of safety to negative self-cognition via fear. Implications and future directions are correspondingly discussed.

Plasma trimethylamine N-oxide, a gut microbe-generated phosphatidylcholine metabolite, is associated with autism spectrum disorders.

OBJECTIVE: The compositions of the gut microbiota and its metabolites were altered in individuals with Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD). The aim of this study was to assess whether plasma levels of gut-derived metabolite trimethylamine N-oxide (TMAO) were associated with ASD and the degree of symptom severity. METHODS: From September 2017 to January 2019, a total of three hundred and twenty-eight Chinese children (164 with ASD and 164 their age-sex matched control subjects) aged 3-8 years were included. TMAO levels in plasma were determined using high-performance liquid chromatography tandem mass spectrometry (LC/MS/MS). Logistic regression analysis was used to examine the TMAO-ASD association. RESULTS: In the study, the median age of the ASD group was 5 years (interquartile range [IQR], 4-6 years) and 129 (78.7%) were boys. The median plasma levels of TMAO in children with ASD and typically-developing (TD) children at admission were 4.2 (IQR, 3.0-5.6) µmol/l and 3.0 (2.0-4.4) µmol/l, respectively (P < 0.001). For each 1 µmol/l increase of plasma TMAO, the unadjusted and adjusted risk of ASD would be increased by 54% (with the odds ratios [OR] of 1.54; 95% confidence intervals [CI]: 1.32-1.78; P < 0.001) and 27% (1.27 [1.10-1.45], P < 0.001), respectively. Symptom severity was classified as mild-to-moderate (CARS < 37) for 66 children with ASD (40.2%). In these children, the plasma levels of TMAO were lower than in the 98 children with ASD (59.8%) whose symptoms were classified as severe (CARS > 36) (3.5[2.5-4.9] µmol/l vs. 4.5(3.7-6.0) µmol/l; P < 0.001). For each 1 µmol/l increase of plasma TMAO, the unadjusted and adjusted risk of severe autism would be increased by 61% (with the OR of 1.61 [95% CI 1.28-2.01], P < 0.001) and 31% (1.31 [1.08-1.49], P < 0.001), respectively. CONCLUSIONS: Elevated plasma levels of TMAO were associated with ASD and symptom severity.

How does social support relieve depression among flood victims? The contribution of feelings of safety, self-disclosure, and negative cognition.

BACKGROUND: Depression is one of the most common post-trauma symptoms that can be alleivated by social support. The purpose of this study was to examine the multiple mediating effects of social support on depression via feelings of safety, disclosure, and negative cognition. METHOD: One hundred and eighty-seven flood victims in Wuhu City, an area affected most severely by a flood during July 2016, were selected to complete a self-report questionnaire package. RESULTS: Social support has four indirect negative effects on depression, including a one-step indirect path to self-disclosure, 2 two-step paths from feelings of safety to self-disclosure, and from self-disclosure to negative cognition about self, and a three-step indirect path from feelings of life safety via self-disclosure to negative self-cognition. LIMITATIONS: All variables were measured using self-report scales. CONCLUSION: Social support may relieve depression in flood victims by inducing feelings of safety and self-disclosure, and by relieving negative cognition.

Fear, negative cognition, and depression mediate the relationship between traumatic exposure and sleep problems among flood victims in China.

OBJECTIVE: To examine the prerequisites of sleep problems among a traumatized population, and assess the underlying mechanisms of sleep problems following trauma. METHOD: The current study investigated 187 flood victims from 5 makeshift shelters in the Wuhu city of Anhui province after a major flood disaster that occurred in July 2016. A traumatic exposure questionnaire, a fear questionnaire, a posttraumatic cognition inventory, a depression inventory, and a sleep problems questionnaire were used. RESULTS: Traumatic exposure had a direct and positive association with sleep problems and could also be indirectly associated with sleep problems through fear, depression, but not negative cognitions. The positive association could be the result of a path from negative cognitions to depression, but not from fear to negative cognition, or from fear to depression. Furthermore, a threefold multipath from fear to depression via negative cognitions could also link traumatic exposure to sleep problems. CONCLUSIONS: Flood victims' sleep problems are elicited by the combined role of fear, negative cognitions, and depression following trauma. (PsycINFO Database Record

The Role of Perceived Severity of Disaster, Rumination, and Trait Resilience in the Relationship Between Rainstorm-related Experiences and PTSD Amongst Chinese Adolescents Following Rainstorm Disasters.

This study examined the mediating role of perceived severity of trauma and rumination in the relationship between traumatic experiences and PTSD, and assessed the moderated role of resilience in this mediating process. Nine hundred and fifty-one adolescents were selected to complete a self-report questionnaire involving rainstorm-related experiences, perceived severity of trauma, rumination, resilience, and PTSD. The results found that rainstorm-related experiences had a positive effect on PTSD by perceived severity of disaster, or by rumination via perceived severity of disaster. Resilience buffered the relationship between rainstorm-related experiences and PTSD, but did not buffer the relation of rainstorm-related experiences to perceived severity of disaster and rumination. These findings indicated that rainstorm-related experiences may have an indirect effect on PTSD via cognitive activities, and these indirect paths were not buffered by resilience. A buffering effect only occurred in the direct paths from rainstorm-related experiences to PTSD.

Understanding the Relationship between Rainstorm-Related Experiences and PTSD among Chinese Adolescents after Rainstorm Disaster: The Roles of Rumination and Social Support.

Posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) is prevalent among adolescents following natural disasters, and the trauma experiences represent a critical risk factor for PTSD. Nevertheless, the underlying mechanism of adolescents' PTSD following trauma experiences remains unclear. Rumination appears to be a mediating factor between trauma experiences and PTSD, and social support may moderate this mediating relationship between trauma experiences, rumination, and PTSD, but few studies have examined these assumptions. Thus, this study aimed to assess the mediating role of rumination and the moderating role of social support in the relationship between rainstorm-related experiences and PTSD among adolescents, following a rainstorm in China. Nine hundred and fifty-one middle school students completed self-report questionnaires, and structural equation modeling was conducted to examine the potential moderated mediation effect. Rainstorm-related experiences had a direct and positive effect on PTSD, and also indirectly influenced PTSD via rumination. Moreover, social support work to buffer the direct effect of rainstorm-related experiences on PTSD, but not the effect of rumination on PTSD. Implications for clinical practice and research are discussed along with study limitations.

Hydrogen peroxide in plants: a versatile molecule of the reactive oxygen species network.

Plants often face the challenge of severe environmental conditions, which include various biotic and abiotic stresses that exert adverse effects on plant growth and development. During evolution, plants have evolved complex regulatory mechanisms to adapt to various environmental stressors. One of the consequences of stress is an increase in the cellular concentration of reactive oxygen species (ROS), which are subsequently converted to hydrogen peroxide (H(2)O(2)). Even under normal conditions, higher plants produce ROS during metabolic processes. Excess concentrations of ROS result in oxidative damage to or the apoptotic death of cells. Development of an antioxidant defense system in plants protects them against oxidative stress damage. These ROS and, more particularly, H(2)O(2,) play versatile roles in normal plant physiological processes and in resistance to stresses. Recently, H(2)O(2) has been regarded as a signaling molecule and regulator of the expression of some genes in cells. This review describes various aspects of H(2)O(2) function, generation and scavenging, gene regulation and cross-links with other physiological molecules during plant growth, development and resistance responses.