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1.
PLoS One ; 12(9): e0185382, 2017.
Article in English | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-28957373

ABSTRACT

This study evaluated the intestinal anti-inflammatory effects of goat whey in a mouse model of colitis induced by 2,4-dinitrobenzenesulfonic acid that resembles human IBD. At a concentration of 4 g/kg/day, the goat whey improved the symptoms of intestinal inflammation, namely by decreasing the disease activity index, colonic weight/length, and leukocyte infiltration. Moreover, goat whey inhibited NF-κB p65 and p38 MAPK signaling pathways and consequently down-regulated the gene expression of various proinflammatory markers such as IL-1ß, IL-6, IL-17, TNF-α, iNOS, MMP-9, ICAM-1. Also, goat whey increased the expression of proteins such as mucins, occludin proteins and cytokine signalling suppressors. The immunomodulatory properties of goat whey were also evaluated in vitro using the murine macrophage cell line Raw 264 and CMT-93 cells derived from mouse rectum carcinomas. The results revealed the ability of goat whey to inhibit the production of NO and reduce IL-6 production in LPS-stimulated cells. In conclusion, goat whey exhibited anti-inflammatory effects in the DNBS model of intestinal inflammation, and these observations were confirmed by its immunomodulatory properties in vitro. Together, our results indicate that goat whey could have applications for the treatment of IBD.


Subject(s)
Anti-Inflammatory Agents/therapeutic use , Colitis/chemically induced , Colitis/pathology , Intestines/pathology , Whey/chemistry , Animals , Anti-Inflammatory Agents/pharmacology , Colitis/genetics , Cytokines/genetics , Cytokines/metabolism , Dinitrofluorobenzene/analogs & derivatives , Disease Models, Animal , Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay , Fluorescent Antibody Technique , Gene Expression Regulation/drug effects , Goats , Inflammation Mediators/metabolism , Intestinal Mucosa/drug effects , Intestinal Mucosa/pathology , Intestines/drug effects , Male , Mice , RAW 264.7 Cells , Real-Time Polymerase Chain Reaction
2.
Rev. Inst. Adolfo Lutz ; 64(1): 97-103, jan.-jun. 2005. ilus, tab, graf
Article in Portuguese | LILACS, Sec. Est. Saúde SP, SESSP-IALPROD, Sec. Est. Saúde SP | ID: lil-432160

ABSTRACT

Para a identificação dos compostos responsáveis pelo sabor são necessários procedimentos que, inicialmente, permitam isolar os voláteis da grande massa dos macronutrientes do alimento, com a mínima distorção da composição original própria do sabor em estudo. Para o isolamento e concentração dos compostos voláteis em alimentos são utilizadas várias técnicas, dentre elas destaca-se o método de destilação e extração simultânea (DES), que tem como vantagem a possibilidade de uso do extrato para um maior número de análises e muito eficiente para a extração de compostos como fenóis, ácidos, lactonas, cetonas, álcoois e ésteres. Esta técnica foi otimizada para isolamento de voláteis de leite de cabra com a utilização do aparelho de Likens e Nickerson, variando-se as condições analíticas: volume da amostra, tempo de extração, temperatura de extração e o solvente. Os melhores resultados foram obtidos utilizandose os seguintes parâmetros: solvente - pentano-éter etílico (2:1); volume de amostra 200 mL; tempo deextração 120 min; temperatura de extração 55°C, com a detecção de 174 compostos voláteis


Subject(s)
Chromatography, Gas , Distillation , Milk , Food Analysis , Goats
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