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1.
Future Microbiol ; : 1-13, 2024 Jun 12.
Article in English | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-38864708

ABSTRACT

Aim: The present study investigated the antimicrobial effectiveness of a rhamnolipid complexed with arginine (RLMIX_Arg) against planktonic cells and biofilms of methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA). Methodology: Susceptibility testing was performed using the Clinical & Laboratory Standards Institute protocol: M07-A10, checkerboard test, biofilm in plates and catheters and flow cytometry were used. Result: RLMIX_Arg has bactericidal and synergistic activity with oxacillin. RLMIX_Arg inhibits the formation of MRSA biofilms on plates at sub-inhibitory concentrations and has antibiofilm action against MRSA in peripheral venous catheters. Catheters impregnated with RLMIX_Arg reduce the formation of MRSA biofilms. Conclusion: RLMIX_Arg exhibits potential for application in preventing infections related to methicillin-resistant S. aureus biofilms.


[Box: see text].

2.
Future Microbiol ; 15: 177-188, 2020 02.
Article in English | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-32077323

ABSTRACT

The emergence of Candida spp. with resistance to antifungal molecules, mainly the azole class, is an increasing complication in hospitals around the globe. Aim: In the present research, we evaluated the synergistic effects of ketamine with two azole derivatives, itraconazole and fluconazole, on strains of Candida spp. to fluconazole. Materials & methods: The drug synergy was evaluated by quantifying the fractional inhibitory concentration index and by fluorescence microscopy and flow cytometry techniques. Results: Our achievements showed a synergistic effect between ketamine in addition to the two antifungal agents (fluconazole and itraconazole) against planktonic cells and biofilms of Candida spp. Conclusion: This combination promoted alteration of membrane integrity, generation of reactive oxygen species, damage to and DNA and externalization of phosphatidylserine.


Subject(s)
Antifungal Agents/pharmacology , Candida/drug effects , Fluconazole/pharmacology , Itraconazole/pharmacology , Ketamine/pharmacology , Animals , Biofilms/drug effects , Candida/physiology , Candida albicans/drug effects , Candida albicans/physiology , Cell Survival/drug effects , DNA Damage , DNA Fragmentation , DNA, Fungal/drug effects , Drug Resistance, Fungal , Drug Synergism , L Cells , Membrane Potential, Mitochondrial/drug effects , Mice , Microbial Sensitivity Tests , Microbial Viability , Phosphatidylserines/metabolism , Reactive Oxygen Species/metabolism
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