ABSTRACT
The aim of this study was to analyse the mediating role of Physical Education importance and satisfaction/fun between the dispositional goal orientations of secondary school students and their intention to partake in leisure time physical activity. The research design was descriptive, cross-sectional, and non-randomized. In total, 2102 secondary school students participated (Mage = 14.87; SD = 1.39) (1024 males; 1078 females). The scales used were the Perception of Success Questionnaire, Importance of Physical Education, Satisfaction with Physical Education, and Intention to Participate in Leisure Time Physical Activity. Structural equation models with the latent variables were also calculated. The results highlight that Physical Education satisfaction/fun has a mediating effect between task orientation and the intention to practice physical activity during leisure time.
ABSTRACT
Surveillance screening at scale to identify people infected by severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) prior to extensive transmission is key to bringing an end to the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic, even though vaccinations have already begun. Here we describe Corona Detective, a sensitive and rapid molecular test to detect the virus, based on loop-mediated isothermal amplification, which could be applied anywhere at low cost. Critically, the method uses freeze-dried reagents, readily shipped without cold-chain dependence. The reaction detects the viral nucleocapsid gene through a sequence-specific quenched-fluorescence readout, which avoids false positives and also allows multiplex detection with an internal control cellular RNA. Corona Detective can be used in 8-tube strips to be read with a simple open-design fluorescence detector. Other methods to use and produce Corona Detective locally in a variety of formats are possible and already openly shared. Detection specificity is ensured through inclusion of positive and negative control reactions to run in parallel with the diagnostic reactions. A simple user protocol, including sample preparation, and a bioinformatics pipeline to ensure that viral variants will still be detectable with SARS-CoV-2 primer sets complete the method. Through rapid production and distribution of Corona Detective reactions, quite inexpensive at scale, daily or weekly surveillance testing of large populations, without waiting for symptoms to develop, is anticipated, in combination with vaccination campaigns, to finally control this pandemic.
Subject(s)
COVID-19 , SARS-CoV-2 , Humans , Molecular Diagnostic Techniques , Nucleic Acid Amplification Techniques , RNA, Viral/genetics , Reverse Transcription , Sensitivity and SpecificityABSTRACT
El objetivo del estudio fue analizar las diferencias motivacionales del alumnado en las clases de Educación Física, según las estrategias de disciplina del profesor y analizar las relaciones de los conglomerados con el clima motivacional, orientaciones de meta y satisfacción. Participaron 2002 alumnos (970 varones y 1032 mujeres) de educación secundaria de entre 12-19 años. Como instrumentos se utilizaron la versión española de: Strategies to Sustain Discipline Scale, Learning and Performance Orientations in Physical Education Classes Questionnaire, Perception of Success Questionnaire y Sport Satisfaction Instrument. Se realizó un análisis de conglomerados que reveló tres perfiles de disciplina: uno con énfasis en estrategias autodeterminadas para mantener la disciplina en clase y dos con énfasis en estrategias no autodeterminadas Se hallaron el nº de horas semanales que practican ejercicio físico en su tiempo libre en función del perfil. El conglomerado de estrategias autodeterminadas está compuesto fundamentalmente por mujeres y los no autodeterminados por varones. En el de estrategias autodeterminadas se ubica el mayor número de estudiantes que practican dos o más horas semanales de ejercicio físico. Para mejorar el ambiente de clase y reducir las conductas de indisciplina, se deberían utilizar estrategias de disciplina fundamentadas en razones intrínsecas, de preocupación y responsabilidad.
The aim of the study was to detect the motivational profiles of high school students of Physical Education (PE) according to the teacher's discipline strategies and to analyze the relationships between the clusters and the motivational atmosphere, goal guidelines and satisfaction with lessons. A sample of 2002 students (970 male students and 1032 female students) was used. The instruments used were the Spanish versions of the scales: Strategies to Sustain Discipline Scale, Learning and Performance Orientations in Physical Education Classes Questionnaire, Perception of Success Questionnaire and Sport Satisfaction Instrument. A cluster analysis was applied revealing three motivational profiles, one of them with emphasis on self-determined strategies to maintain discipline in class and the other two profiles with emphasis on non-self- determined-strategies. Profiles were determined according to the number of hours of exercise practiced in a week. The self-determined strategies cluster consists mainly of women, and the non- self-determined clusters were composed of men. In the self-determined strategies cluster, we can find the largest number of students who practice two or more hours of physical exercise per week in their free time. To improve the classroom environment and reduce indiscipline behaviors, the teacher should use discipline strategies founded on intrinsic reasons for concern and responsibility.
Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Female , Adolescent , Motivation , Physical Education and Training , Education, Primary and Secondary , Faculty , StudentsABSTRACT
O objetivo deste estudo foi analisar as propriedades psicométricas do Sport Satisfation Instrument (SSI) adaptado para a Educação Física (EF) por meio de uma análise fatorial exploratória da estrutura bidimensional do instrumento em uma amostra espanhola. Com isso, buscou-se determinar, de maneira preliminar, se o SSI constitui um instrumento válido e fiável para ser utilizado em futuras pesquisas. O instrumento foi elaborado em um modelo teórico de dois fatores: Satisfação/Diversão e Tédio. A amostra constituiu-se de um total de 224 alunos de secundária entre 12 e 19 anos. A versão [espanhola] do instrumento adaptado para a EF demonstrou níveis aceitáveis de consistência interna.
The objective of this study was to analyze the psychometric properties of Sport Satisfaction Instrument (SSI) adapted physical education (PE) using exploratory factor analysis of the dimensional structure of the instrument in a Spanish sample. It was intended to determine, on a preliminary basis, whether it constitutes a valid and reliable for use in future research. Was administered to a total of 224 high school students 12 to 19 years. This analysis supports the hypothesized theoretical model of two factors (satisfaction / fun and boredom). The Spanish version of the instrument for PE showed acceptable levels of internal consistency.
