ABSTRACT
The aim of the present study was to examinethe long-term effects of prenatal injure onbody and craniofacial growth in intrauterinegrowth retarded (IUGR) animals and its correlationwith histomorphometric changes ofthe pituitary somatotrope population. IUGRmodel was carried out by means of uterine vesselsligation in pregnant rats at 14th day ofpregnancy. Control and sham-operated animalswere also included. The animals were Xrayedat 1, 21, and 84 days of age. Bodyweight, neural and facial variables were measured.Pituitaries were processed for lightmicroscopy and immunolabeled with anti-GH sera. Morphometry was performed bymeans of an image-analysis system. Data wereprocessed by ANOVA, and Wilcoxon tests.Body weight was significantly lower in newbornIUGR rats compared with that of theircontrol counterparts, even during postnatalgrowth. Both neurocranium and face weresimilarly affected at birth and weaning. At 84days of age, despite facial growth exhibited apartial recovery, cranial volumes remainedsmaller in IUGR animals. Quantitativeimmunohistochemistry revealed a significantdecrease in the volume and cell densities inIUGR compared to control age peers. Adequatenutritional and environmental conditionswere insufficient to reverse the effects ofa reduced uteroplacental blood supply on fetalgrowth. The timing and duration of thegrowth insult seem to be crucial for the occurrenceof catch-up body weight and cranialgrowth in the rat. The lack of complete catchupin these IUGR animals may be associatedto an alteration in the GH production (AU)
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Subject(s)
Animals , Rats , Fetal Growth Retardation/veterinary , Pituitary Gland, Anterior/anatomy & histology , Pituitary Gland, Anterior/physiopathology , Immunohistochemistry/methods , Fetal Development/physiology , Skull/anatomy & histology , Analysis of Variance , Growth Hormone-Secreting Pituitary AdenomaABSTRACT
The aim of this study was to assess the morphologicalchanges (in size and shape) in IntrauterineGrowth Retarded (IUGR) rats treated with growthhormone.Wistar albino rats were divided into the followinggroups: Control, Sham-operated, Intrauterinegrowth retarded, and Intrauterine growthretarded injected with growth hormone. Intrauterinegrowth retardation was induced by partialbending of uterine vessels on day 14 of pregnancy.After weaning, all groups received a stockdiet ad libitum. At 84 days of age, the animalswere X-rayed on the dorsal and lateral planes.Cranial and postcranial measurements weretaken on each radiograph. Data were standardizedand processed by principal component anddiscriminant analysis.Both the first component and discriminantfunction revealed size differences between sexesand treatments. Males were larger than females.Sham males were the largest, followed byintrauterine growth retarded animals treated withgrowth hormone and intrauterine growth retardedrats. Sham and intrauterine growth retardedfemales treated with growth hormone were similarand larger than their IUGR counterparts. Thesecond and subsequent components and discriminantfunctions described shape variations. Shamand intrauterine growth retarded animals treatedwith growth hormone formed a single cluster separatedfrom intrauterine growth retarded rats.Intrauterine growth retardation produces adifferential reduction of bone dimensions, i.e. amodification of allometric growth. Growth hormoneseems to promote harmonic growth recovery(size and shape) only in females (AU)
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