ABSTRACT
Objetivo: identificar el impacto de la medida de confinamiento social, decretada por el gobierno colombiano ante el covid-19, sobre los niveles de ansiedad y los comportamientos alimentarios de los deportistas adscritos a selecciones Antioquia. Metodología: estudio observacional descriptivo de corte transversal en deportistas de altos logros deportivos de Indeportes Antioquia que fueron atendidos en el área de medicina, entre enero y agosto 2020. Se indagó sobre aspectos de ansiedad y comportamientos alimentarios, ocasionados durante la medida de aislamiento social derivada de la pandemia por covid-19. Resultados: la encuesta fue respondida por 150 deportistas. En hombres, la ansiedad aumenta a medida que se incrementa el grupo de edad. En las mujeres, el fenómeno es opuesto. Para la misma calificación de ansiedad alta, el porcentaje va disminuyendo con la edad. Con referencia a los comportamientos relacionados con la alimentación, analizados bajo una circunstancia tan compleja, como es la pandemia por covid-19, permitió a los profesionales del deporte y la salud direccionar recomendaciones efectivas para los deportistas que asesoran, frente al manejo de la ansiedad y el control de ciertos comportamientos negativos que pueden afectar la salud y el rendimiento deportivo. Conclusiones: los resultados con respecto a la ansiedad coinciden con estudios actuales, en los que, en términos generales, las poblaciones evaluadas muestran niveles de ansiedad baja y esto se relaciona con una escasa tendencia a alteraciones en la conducta alimentaria en la población estudiada.
Objective: to identify the impact of the social confinement measure decreed by the Colombian government in the face of Covid-19 on anxiety levels and eating behaviors in athletes attached to different teams in the department of Antioquia. Methodology: cross-sectional descriptive observational study in athletes with high sports achievements from Indeportes Antioquia, who were treated in the medical area between January and August 2020. Aspects of anxiety and eating behaviors, caused during the social isolation measure derived of the Covid-19 pandemic were studied. Results: the survey was answered by 150 athletes. In men, anxiety increases as the age group increases. In women, the phenomenon is opposite. For the same high anxiety rating, the percentage decreases with age. With reference to behaviors related to eating, analyzed under such a complex circumstance, such as the Covid-19 pandemic, allowed sports and health professionals to direct effective recommendations for the athletes they advise, regarding anxiety management and the control of certain negative behaviors that can affect their health and their performance. Conclusions: the results regarding anxiety coincide with current studies, in which, in general terms, the assessed populations show low levels of anxiety; this is related to a low tendency to alterations in eating behavior in the studied population.
Objetivo: identificar o impacto da medida de confinamento social, decretada pelo governo colombiano diante da covid-19, nos níveis de ansiedade e comportamentos alimentares de atletas lotados nas equipes de Antioquia. Metodologia:estudo observacional descritivo transversal em atletas com altas conquistas esportivas do Indeportes Antioquia que foram atendidos na área médica, entre janeiro e agosto de 2020. Aspectos de ansiedade e comportamentos alimentares, causados durante a medida de isolamento social derivada do covid-19 pandemia. Resultados: a pesquisa foi respondida por 150 atletas. Nos homens, a ansiedade aumenta à medida que a faixa etária aumenta. Nas mulheres, o fenômeno é oposto. Para a mesma alta taxa de ansiedade, a porcentagem diminui com a idade. No que se refere aos comportamentos relacionados com a alimentação, analisados numa circunstância tão complexa, como é a pandemia de covid-19, permitiu aos profissionais do desporto e da saúde direcionar recomendações eficazes aos atletas que aconselham, no que diz respeito à gestão da ansiedade e ao controlo de determinados comportamentos negativos. que podem afetar a saúde e o desempenho esportivo.Conclusões:os resultados relativos à ansiedade coincidem com os estudos atuais, nos quais, em termos gerais, as populações avaliadas apresentam baixos níveis de ansiedade e isto está relacionado com uma baixa propensão a alterações do comportamento alimentar na população estudada.
Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Female , Athletes , Anxiety , Social Isolation , Feeding Behavior , COVID-19ABSTRACT
INTRODUCTION: Corn has been from the prehispanic era, the most important feeding plant in the Mexican population, particularly in the most important sectors and in marginal areas. In this setting, enriching the product as flour implies an increase in its nutritional quality, especially because corn is the basic food. OBJECTIVE: To assess the effect of the consumption of corn flour enriched with 3% soybean, vitamins, and minerals on the growth and development of infants and preschool children. MATERIAL AND METHODS: experimental study lasting 10 months. The experimental group (n=195) received enriched corn flour whereas the control group (n=200) received non-enriched flour. The indicators were: nutritional status, mental and psychomotor development, and blood hemoglobin levels. RESULTS: in the total sample, there were no differences between the experimental group and the control group. However, there were improvements in the weight-to-height and weight-to-age indexes in the children consuming enriched flour and in children older than one year, who were the babies of indigenous women living in marginal areas. CONCLUSIONS: enriched corn flour appears to be an alternative benefitting the children population with higher nutritional deficiencies. However, a longer intervention is necessary to obtain better results.
Subject(s)
Food, Fortified/statistics & numerical data , Zea mays , Body Height/physiology , Body Weight/physiology , Child Development , Child, Preschool , Female , Flour , Growth/physiology , Hemoglobins/analysis , Humans , Infant , Male , Mexico , Minerals , Nutritional Status , Psychomotor Performance/physiology , Rural Population , Glycine max , VitaminsABSTRACT
Antecedentes: Aproximadamente 6,35 millones de nuevos casos de cáncer se diagnostican anualmente. El 90% de los pacientes con cáncer avanzado presentan dolor. El objetivo en el tratamiento del dolor oncológico es aliviar el dolor, interrumpiendo la transmisión o modulándolo a nivel cerebral o espinal. La Organización Mundial de la Salud (OMS) desarrolló una escala de tres escalones para manejar el dolor oncológico. En el escalón se incluyen analgésicos no opiáceos + coadyuvantes; en el escalón II se incluyen opiáceos leves + coadyuvantes y en el escalón III se incluyen opiáceos potentes + coadyuvantes. Material y métodos: Se revisaron 72 expedientes, en un total de 4 años, de todos los pacientes con dolor crónico oncológico que hayan estado en tratamiento con hidromorfona. En este trabajo obtuvimos la dosis promedio en la que se logró un buen control del dolor (escala analógica visual [EVA] < 4). También reportamos los efectos adversos que más se presentaron, así como si algún paciente abandonó el tratamiento, y sus causas. Se reportó el tipo de cáncer de cada paciente y el tiempo de tratamiento con hidromorfona. Resultados: La dosis promedio que se utilizó fue de 22 mg + 16 mg en 24 h. De estos 72 pacientes, 7 no lograron llegar a un control del dolor y 1 abandonó el tratamiento, ya que no toleró los efectos adversos. Los efectos adversos que más comúnmente se presentaron fueron estreñimiento, náuseas, vómitos y somnolencia. El efecto adverso que más se presentó fue el estreñimiento, con una diferencia estadísticamente significativa respecto de los otros efectos adversos presentados. El estreñimiento es un efecto adverso que, si se controla con un fármaco, es muy tolerable. Conclusiones: El promedio de dosis efectiva de hidromorfona que encontramos es una dosis relativamente baja, a la que los efectos adversos son tolerables ( ) (AU)
Background: Approximately 6.35 million patients are diagnosed with cancer annually. Around 90% of patients with advanced cancer have pain. Treatment of oncologic pain aims to relieve pain by modulating or interrupting transmission in the spine or brain. The World Health Organization (WHO) has developed a three-step ladder for cancer pain management. At step I, non-opioid plus adjuvant drugs are included. Step II includes opioids for mild to moderate pain plus adjuvants, and step III includes opioids for moderate to severe pain plus adjuvants. Material and methods: We reviewed 72 files corresponding to all the patients with chronic cancer pain that had been treated with hydromorphone during the previous 4 years in our hospital and calculated the mean dose at which the patients reported good pain control (Visual Analog Scale [VAS] < 4). We also studied the most common adverse effects, and whether any of the patients discontinued the treatment, and if so, the reasons for discontinuance. The type of cancer in each patient and the length hydromorphone treatment were also noted. Results: The mean dose used was 22 mg + 16 mg in 24 hours. Of the 72 patients, seven did not achieve adequate pain control and one discontinued the treatment due to adverse effects. The most common adverse effects were constipation, nausea, vomiting and drowsiness. Constipation was significantly more frequent than the remaining adverse effects. Constipation is an adverse effect that is highly tolerable when controlled by medication. Conclusions: The mean effective hydromorphone dose is a relatively low dose at which the adverse effects are still tolerable. The most common adverse effect was constipation, which is fairly tolerable with medication. Hydromorphone is a safe and effective drug even for prolonged periods (AU)
