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1.
SAGE Open Med ; 12: 20503121241255000, 2024.
Article in English | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-38799003

ABSTRACT

Objective: Frailty is a syndrome that predisposes older individuals to adverse health outcomes, such as disability, dependence, falls, hospitalization, post-operative complications, and poor health in general. This study aimed to identify factors associated with frailty in older people with chronic diseases in Colombia. Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted with a nonprobabilistic sample of 230 older people (aged ⩾ 60 years) from four Colombian cities. Frailty was based on Fried's phenotype (frail defined as having ⩾3 criteria). Comorbidities were classified based on Charlson's Comorbidity Index and key questionnaires for activities of daily living (ADLs) were evaluated. Results: Most were female (57.8%) with a mean ± SD age of 71.9 ± 8 years. Among them, 27.4% were frail and 58.7% were prefrail. Female gender, age ⩾ 75 years, low educational and socioeconomic level, dependence on ADLs, and cognitive impairment were associated with higher odds of prefrailty/frailty. Conclusions: Prefrailty and frailty are common among older people with chronic diseases in Colombia. This syndrome is associated with social and health-related conditions, which should be addressed when providing care for these patients.

2.
Rev. cienc. salud (Bogotá) ; 19(3): 1-15, 2021. tab
Article in Spanish | LILACS, COLNAL | ID: biblio-1367510

ABSTRACT

Introducción: la optimización de la condición física en el adulto mayor disminuye los efectos del proceso de envejecimiento y las malas condiciones de vida en general. El objetivo es comparar la condición física funcional de adultos mayores en dos ciudades colombianas según variables sociodemográficas. Materiales y métodos: estudio de corte transversal en 428 adultos mayores asistentes a centros de atención al adulto mayor. Se indagaron características sociodemográficas. La condición física funcional se evaluó mediante la batería Senior Fitness. Se realizó una regresión logística bivariada estimando los odds ratio y su respectivo intervalo de confianza del 95 %. Resultados: los adultos mayores que viven en Tunja tuvieron mejores resultados, según la batería Senior Fitness, comparados con los de Barranquilla, tanto para hombres como para mujeres. En Tunja, las personas con edades entre 75 y 90 años tienen mayor riesgo de deficiencias en la resistencia aeróbica (or: 2.2; ic 95 %: 1.1-4.3). Se observa mayor probabilidad de disminución de la fuerza en miembros inferiores (or: 4.3; ic 95 %: 1.9-9.6), miembros superiores (or: 2.6; ic 95 %: 1.2-5.3) y de alteraciones del equilibrio (or: 2.1; ic 95 %: 1.1-4) en las personas que pertenecen al régimen subsidiado. En Barranquilla, la probabilidad de un imc alto es mayor en las mujeres que en los hombres (or: 2.2; ic 95 %: 1.1-4.4) y en los que no tienen una pareja (or: 2.6; ic 95 %: 1.2-5.6). Conclusión: las similitudes y diferencias encontradas en los sujetos de las dos ciudades plantean interrogantes que se deben resolver mediante estudios experimentales


Introduction: Optimization of physical condition in the elderly reduces, in general, the effects of aging and poor living conditions. The objective was to compare, using sociodemographic variables, the func-tional physical condition of older adults in two Colombian cities. Materials and Methods: A cross-sec-tional study was carried out, in both cities, of 428 older adults who attended elderly care centers. Their sociodemographic characteristics were investigated. Functional physical condition was evaluated by way of the Senior Fitness battery. A bivariate logistic regression was performed to estimate odds ratios and 95% confidence intervals. Results: For both men and women, according to the Senior Fitness battery, elderly living in Tunja had better results than those in Barranquilla. In Tunja, people belonging to the subsidized regime, and between 75 and 90 years old, had a greater risk of deficiencies in aerobic resis-tance (or: 2.2; ci 95%: 1.1­4.3), and a higher probability of decreasing strength in the lower limbs (or: 4.3; ci 95%: 1.9­9.6), upper limbs (or: 2.6; ci 95%: 1.2­5.3), and balance disturbances (or: 2.1; ci 95%: 1.1­4). In Barranquilla, the probability of a high body mass index was higher in women than in men (or: 2.2; ci95%: 1.1­4.4) and those who were not married (or: 2.6; ci 95%: 1.2­5.6). Conclusion: The similarities and differences found among the subjects of the two cities raise questions that must be addressed through experimental studies


Introdução: a otimização da condição física em idosos permite reduzir os efeitos do processo de envelhe-cimento e as precárias condições de vida em geral. O objetivo é comparar a condição física funcional de idosos em duas cidades colombianas segundo variáveis sociodemográficas. Materiais e métodos: estudo transversal com 428 idosos atendidos em Centros de Atenção ao Idoso das duas cidades. As caracterís-ticas sociodemográficas foram investigadas. A condição física funcional foi avaliada por meio da bate-ria Senior Fitness. Foi realizada regressão logística bivariada estimando o Odds Ratio e seu respectivo intervalo de confiança de 95%. Resultados: os idosos residentes em Tunja tiveram melhores resultados de acordo com a bateria Senior Fitness em comparação com os residentes de Barranquilla tanto para homens quanto para mulheres; em Tunja, pessoas com idades entre 75 e 90 anos têm um risco maior de deficiências na resistência aeróbia (or: 2,2; ic 95%: 1,1-4,3), se observa uma maior probabilidade de diminuição da força nos membros inferiores (or: 4,3; ic 95%: 1,9-9,6), membros superiores (or: 2,6; ic 95%: 1,2-5,3) e alterações de equilíbrio (or: 2,1; ic 95%: 1,1-4) em pessoas que pertencem ao regime subsidiado. Em Barranquilla, a probabilidade de um imc elevado é maior nas mulheres do que nos homens (or: 2,2; ic 95%: 1,1-4,4) e naqueles que não têm companheiro (or: 2,6; ic 95%: 1,2-5,6). Conclusão: as semelhanças e diferenças encontradas nos sujeitos das duas cidades levantam questões que devem ser resolvidas por meio de estudos experimentais


Subject(s)
Humans , Aged , Aged, 80 and over , Aging , Aged , Physical Fitness , Colombia , Postural Balance , Muscle Strength , Cardiorespiratory Fitness
3.
Gerokomos (Madr., Ed. impr.) ; 28(1): 9-14, mar. 2017. graf, tab
Article in Spanish | IBECS | ID: ibc-162347

ABSTRACT

Objetivo: Determinar cambios en la calidad de vida relacionada con la salud y empoderamiento de la salud en un grupo de adultos mayores al aplicar un programa educativo. Método: Estudio cuasi experimental, en un grupo experimento de 52 adultos mayores. Se evaluó la calidad de vida relacionada con la salud y el empoderamiento de la salud antes y después de un programa educativo relacionado con las enfermedades no transmisibles, basado en las guías metodológicas diseñadas por las investigadoras, y aplicado durante 8 semanas. Resultados: Se encontró que un 38% de las personas presentaron riesgo cardiovascular moderado y un 33% riesgo alto/extremo; el 58% presentó hipertensión, el 20% diabetes mellitus de tipo 2 y el 8% reportó dislipidemia. En la calidad de vida relacionada con la salud se observaron cambios favorables en las dimensiones de actividades sociales (p = 0,049), cambio en el estado de salud (p = 0,004), estado de salud (p = 0,045), dolor (p = 0,43) y puntuación total de las viñetas COOP WONCA (p = 0,005). En los cambios ocurridos en el empoderamiento de la salud se encontró significación estadística en la dimensión "Me conozco lo suficiente para escoger lo que más conviene a mi salud" (p = 0,006). Conclusiones: Los resultados indican que la educación sanitaria sobre las enfermedades no trasmisibles mejora la calidad de vida relacionada con la salud y aportan al empoderamiento de la salud en las personas mayores


Objective: To determine changes in quality of life related to health and health empowerment in a group of elderly people by applying an educational program. Method: quasi-experimental study, in a group of 52 seniors. The quality of life related to health and health empowerment before and after the educational program related to noncommunicable diseases was evaluated, basing on methodological guidelines designed by the researchers, and applying it for eight weeks. Results: It was found that 38% of people had moderate cardiovascular risk, 33% high / extreme risk; 58% had hypertension, 20% diabetes mellitus type 2, and 8% reported dyslipidemia. In the quality of life related to health favorable changes were observed in the dimensions of social activities (p = 0.049), change in health status (p = 0.004), health status (p = 0.045), pain (p = 0,43) and total score of the COOP WONCA (p = 0.005). On changes in health empowerment, it was found statistical significance in the dimension "I know me enough to choose what is the best for my health" (p = 0.006). Conclusions: The results show that health education on chronic noncommunicable diseases improve the quality of life related to health and contribute to the empowerment of health in the elderly


Subject(s)
Humans , Aged , Aged, 80 and over , Health of the Elderly , Health Education/trends , Health Behavior , Chronic Disease/epidemiology , Quality of Life , 28573 , Controlled Before-After Studies , Health Promotion/trends
4.
Rev. colomb. rehabil ; 14(1): 38-44, 2015. ilus, graf
Article in Spanish | LILACS, COLNAL | ID: biblio-912145

ABSTRACT

El objetivo del trabajo fue identificar los efectos producidos en el perfil psicomotor y factores motrices en niños de 6 a 8 años de edad al implementar un programa de ejercicios físicos dirigi-dos por fisioterapeutas específicamente para siete factores motrices determinados. Mediante un muestreo intencional y no probabilístico se seleccionaron 60 niños y niñas estudiantes de dos instituciones educativas del distrito de Barranquilla (Colombia). Se evaluó el perfil psicomo-tor de los niños con el protocolo de la "Batería Psicomotora - BPM" propuesta por Da Fonseca (siete factores de la batería). El programa de ejercicios se aplicó durante 12 semanas con direc-trices específicas en cuestión de progresividad e intensidad y posterior a esta etapa se realizó la re-evaluación de la población utilizando la BPM. Los datos fueron ingresados y analizados con el programa SPSS 18.0. En los resultados se evidencia que el perfil psicomotor de los niños cambió positivamente de 21.18 a 23.85 puntos, pasando de un rango 'normal' o perfil 'eupráxico' a un rango 'bueno'. Los factores tonicidad, equilibrio, lateralidad, noción del cuerpo, estructuración espaciotemporal y praxia global, tuvieron cambios significativos en sus niveles de ejecución, mientras que la praxia fina no mostró cambios al aplicar el post-test. Con la práctica organizada y secuencial del programa de ejercicios, se lograron cambios significativos y beneficiosos a nivel motriz evidenciados en el nivel de perfil psicomotor general de los estudiantes participantes.


The objective was to identify the effects on psychomotor profile and driving factors in children between 6-8 years to implement an exercise program specifically directed by physical therapists in seven specific driving factors. 60 children students were selected at two educational institutions in the district of Barranquilla (Colombia), using an intentional and non-probability sampling. Psychomotor profile of children was evaluated using the protocol "Psychomotor Battery - BPM" proposed by Da Fonseca, in which seven related factors were evaluated. The exercise program was applied for 12 weeks with specific guidelines within escalation and intensity and following this phase, it was performed this reassessment of the population using the BPM. Data were entered and analyzed using SPSS 18.0 software. In the results it is evident that the psychomotor profile of children changed positively 21.18 to 23.85 points, from a 'normal' range or profile 'eupráxico' to a 'good' range. The tone, balance, laterality, body concept, spacetime structure and global praxia factors had significant changes in their levels of performance, while the fine praxia was unchanged when applying the post-test. With organized and sequential practice of the exercise program, they were achieved significant and beneficial changes to motor level evidenced in the level of general psychomotor profile of participants


Subject(s)
Humans , Psychomotor Performance , Child, Preschool , Motor Activity , Physical Therapy Specialty
5.
Hacia promoc. salud ; 17(2): 79-90, jul.-dic. 2012. ilus, tab
Article in Spanish | LILACS | ID: lil-675146

ABSTRACT

Introducción: El envejecimiento disminuye la autonomía e independencia de los adultos mayores. El ejercicio físico contribuye al mejoramiento de la fuerza muscular, de la estabilidad y de la resistencia aeróbica de las personas mayores. Objetivo: Establecer los efectos del ejercicio físico sobre la condición física funcional y el riesgo de caídas en un grupo de adultos mayores. Materiales y Métodos: Estudio cuasi-experimental con grupo control y experimento en 38 adultos mayores de 60 años. Muestreo intencional, no probabilístico y aleatorio, considerando criterios de inclusión y exclusión. Se midió la capacidad funcional a través de la batería Senior Fitness Test y el riesgo de caídas mediante la escala de Tinetti, antes y después del programa de ejercicios, el cual fue aplicado durante 12 semanas al grupo experimental, mientras el grupo control continuó en el programa tradicional. Resultados: Los principales cambios en el grupo experimental se obtuvieron en el perímetro de cintura de 91,89 a 88,95 cm; la fuerza de miembros superiores de 17,16 a 20,63 repeticiones; la flexibilidad de tren superior de -8,24 a -5,66 cm; una resistencia aeróbica de 70,32 a 83,47 pasos; el equilibrio de 13,95 a 15,26 puntos. Conclusiones: Los resultados sugieren una asociación significativa entre el ejercicio aeróbico y la disminución del índice cintura cadera y del perímetro de cintura, el aumento de la fuerza y flexibilidad de los miembros superiores, de la capacidad aeróbica, del equilibrio y de la autoconfianza para caminar por el barrio en un grupo de adultos mayores


Introduction: Aging reduces the autonomy and independence of older adults. Physical exercise helps to improve muscle mass, stability and aerobic resistance in older people. Objective: To establish the effects of physical exercise on functional fitness and the risk of falls in a group of older adults. Materials and Methods: Quasi-experimental study with group control and experiment in 38 adults over 60 years old. Intentional non-probability and random sampling was applied, considering inclusion and exclusión criteria. Functional capacity was evaluated using the Senior Fitness Test battery and risk of falls was evaluated using Tinetti falls efficacy scale before and after the exercise program, which was applied during 12 weeks to the experimental group. Results: The main changes in the experimental group were obtained in waist circumference from 91.89 to 88.95 cm; strength in upper extremities from 17,16 to 20.63 repetitions; flexibility in the upper body from -8.24 to -5.66 cm; and aerobic endurance from 70,32 to 83.47 steps; balance increased from 13.95 to 15.26 points. Conclusions: The results suggest a significant association between aerobic exercise and the decrease in the waist hip index and waist circumference, the increase of strength and flexibility of the upper extremities, aerobic capacity, balance and self-confidence to walk around the neighborhood as an older adults group


Introdução: o envelhecimento diminuiu a autonomia e independência dos adultos maiores. O exercício físico contribui ao melhoramento da força muscular, da estabilidade e da resistência aeróbica das pessoas maiores. Objetivo: Estabelecer os efeitos do exercício físico sobre a condição física funcional e o risco de caídas num grupo de adultos maiores. Materiais e Métodos: Estudo quase experimental com grupo controle e experimento em 38 adultos maiores de 60 anos. Amostragem internacional, não probabilístico e aleatório, considerando critérios de inclusão e exclusão. Mediu se a capacidade funcional a traves da bateria Sênior Fitness Test e o risco de caídas mediante a escada de Tinetti, antes e depois do programa de exercícios, o qual foi aplicado durante 12 semanas ao grupo experimental, enquanto o grupo controle continua no programa tradicional. Resultados: Os principais câmbios no grupo experimental se obtiveram no perímetro de cintura de 91,89 a 88,95 cm; a força de membros superiores de 17,16 a 20,63 repetições; a flexibilidade de trem superior de -8,24 a -5,66 cm; uma resistência aeróbica de 70,32 a 83,47 passos; o equilíbrio de 13,95 a 15,26 pontos. Conclusões: Os resultados sugerem uma associação significativa entre o exercício aeróbico e a diminuição do índice cintura quadril e do perímetro de cintura, o aumento da força e flexibilidade e da autoconfiança para caminhar pelo bairro num grupo de adultos maiores


Subject(s)
Aged , Aged , Physical Conditioning, Human , Exercise , Exercise Tolerance , Physical Exertion , Quality of Life
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