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1.
Animal ; 17(5): 100800, 2023 May.
Article in English | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-37121160

ABSTRACT

Medullated fibres, due to their higher resistance to bending and pressure, constitute a problem for the textile industry. Thus, having practical instruments to identify them is essential. Therefore, the aim of this research was to develop and validate a novel, swift, automatic system (referred to as S-FiberMed) for medullation and diameter assessment of animal fibres based on artificial intelligence. The medullation of 88 samples of alpaca, llama and mohair fibres (41, 43 and 4, respectively) was evaluated. Additionally, 269 samples of alpacas were considered for average fibre diameter (AFD) and the results were compared with the Portable Fiber Tester (PFT) and Optical Fibre Diameter Analyser (OFDA) methods (72 and 197 samples, respectively). The preparation of each sample to be analysed followed the procedure described in IWTO-8-2011. Version 5 of "You Only Look Once" and DenseNet models were used to recognise the type of medullation and diameter of the fibres, respectively. Within each image (n = 661 for alpaca), all fibres were labelled (as Non-Medullated, Fragmented Medulla, Uncontinuous Medulla, Continuous Medulla and Strongly Medullated) using the LabelImg tool. Data augmentation technique was applied to obtain 3 966 images. Such data set was divided into 3 576 and 390 images for training and test data, respectively. For mohair samples (n = 321), a similar process was carried out. The data to train the model used to infer the diameter contained 16 446 fibres labelled with his respective AFD. A complementary hardware composed of three subsystems (mechanical, electronic, and optical) was developed for evaluation purposes. T-test, Pearson and Concordance correlation, Bland-Altman plot and linear regression analyses were used to validate and compare the S-Fiber Med with other methods. Results indicate that there was no significant difference between medullation percentage obtained with the projection microscope and the S-Fiber Med. The Pearson and Concordance correlation analysis shows a strong, high and significant relationship (P-value < 0.001). The AFDs of alpaca and llama fibre samples obtained with the two methods are very similar, because no significant difference was found at the t-test (P-value > 0.172), and they have a strong, high and significant relationship between them, given the high Pearson correlation value (r ≥ 0.96 with P-value < 0.001), high Concordance coefficient and bias correction factor. Similar results were found when PFT and OFDA100 were compared with S-Fiber Med. As a conclusion, this new system provides precise, accurate measurements of medullation and AFD in an expeditious fashion (40 seconds/sample).


Subject(s)
Camelids, New World , Animals , Artificial Intelligence
3.
Rev Esp Sanid Penit ; 23(2): 60-66, 2021.
Article in English | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-34279533

ABSTRACT

INTRODUCTION: The prison environment in Peru is one of the worst in the continent. In situations such as these, where there is considerable stress, many inmates can develop antisocial disorders, especially if they come from a conflictive family setting. OBJECTIVES: To determine the association between family relationships, social environment and features of antisocial personality disorder (ASPD) in the Peruvian prison population in 2016. MATERIAL AND METHOD: Analytical cross-sectional study based on a sub-analysis of the First National Penitentiary Census of Peru in 2016. The sample is the prison population (≥18 years old) that participated in said census, which was carried out in 66 correctional facilities nationwide and reached a coverage of 98.8%. RESULTS: Of the 77,086 prisoners, 76,152 participated in the analysis. The prevalence of antisocial traits was 96% and half of the population met two criteria for the disorder. Independently associated factors were, being male (RPa: 1.35; 1.30-1.40), born outside the capital (RPa: 0.89; 0.88-0, 91), friends in the neighborhood who committed offences (RPa: 1.01; 1.00-1.02) and not living with a father (RPa: 1.00; 1.00-1.01). DISCUSSION: The prevalence of antisocial personality disorder traits in the Peruvian prison population was 96%. We found greater association with the male sex, in those born in Lima and in those who escaped from their home before the age of 15.


Subject(s)
Antisocial Personality Disorder , Prisoners , Adolescent , Antisocial Personality Disorder/epidemiology , Cross-Sectional Studies , Humans , Male , Peru/epidemiology , Prisons , Social Environment
5.
Toxicol Mech Methods ; 26(1): 67-73, 2016.
Article in English | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-26633045

ABSTRACT

This study was performed to determine the effects of gamma irradiation on UV spectrum on maca, total content of polyphenols, 1,1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) radical-scavenging activities and in vivo biological activities of red and black maca extracts (Lepidium meyenii). Adult mice of the strain Swiss aged 3 months and weighing 30-35 g in average were used to determine biological activities. Daily sperm production, effect on testosterone-induced prostate hyperplasia and forced swimming test were used to determine the effect of irradiation on biological activities of maca extracts. Irradiation did not show differences in UV spectrum but improves the amount of total polyphenols in red maca as well as in black maca extracts. In both cases, black maca extract has more content of polyphenols than red maca extract (p < 0.01). Gamma irradiation significantly increased the antioxidant capacity (p < 0.05). No difference was observed in daily sperm production when irradiated and nonirradiated maca extract were administered to mice (p > 0.05). Black maca extract but not red maca extract has more swimming endurance capacity in the forced swimming test. Irradiation of black maca extract increased the swimming time to exhaustion (p < 0.05). This is not observed with red maca extract (p > 0.05). Testosterone enanthate (TE) increased significantly the ventral prostate weight. Administration of red maca extract in animals treated with TE prevented the increase in prostate weight. Irradiation did not modify effect of red maca extract on prostate weight (p > 0.05). In conclusion, irradiation does not alter the biological activities of both black maca and red maca extracts. It prevents the presence of microorganisms in the extracts of black or red maca, but the biological activities were maintained.


Subject(s)
Antioxidants/pharmacology , Lepidium/chemistry , Phenols/chemistry , Plant Extracts/pharmacology , Animals , Antioxidants/chemistry , Female , Gamma Rays , Male , Mice , Plant Extracts/chemistry , Spectrophotometry, Atomic , Ultraviolet Rays
6.
Cuad. Hosp. Clín ; 57(3): 31-40, 2016. ilus
Article in Spanish | LILACS | ID: biblio-972816

ABSTRACT

La comida chatarra se ha convertido en parte de los hábitos alimentarios de nuestra sociedad, siendo un factor determinante del sobrepeso y obesidad, entre otras enfermedades crónicas no transmisibles, que atentan contra la buena salud que deberían gozar los estudiantes para un óptimo rendimiento académico. Una investigación realizada en Chile a estudiantes mostró que el 58,6 % consume comida chatarra debido a una ingesta inadecuada del desayuno, la omisión de ciertos tiempos de comida; el consumo de alimentos de mala calidad preparados en cafeterías de la misma universidad o lugares aledaños a causa de la falta de tiempo por la distancia hasta sus hogares. La misma realidad se ha observado en nuestra ciudad, de ahí la importancia de realizar y obtener resultados con este estudio. OBJETIVO: Identificar factores y determinantes de consumo de comida chatarra en estudiantes de la Facultad de Medicina, Nutrición, Enfermería y Tecnología Médica de la Universidad Mayor de San Andrés - 2016. METODOLOGÍA: Descriptivo - transversal el análisis estadístico se utilizó SPSS Vr. 19 RESULTADOS: De 100 encuestados 69% son mujeres y 31% varones, el promedio de edad de la población estudiada fue de 22 años, 43% estudian medicina, 58% residentes en La Paz, 59% realiza actividad física, el 28% de las mujeres consume bocaditos, 38% sabe que la comida chatarra causa ECNT y su consumo en La Paz llega al 28% siendo el mayor, 36% consume al menos una vez/semana bebidas gaseosas y el 50,7% del sexo femenino reemplaza el almuerzo por comida chatarra frente al sexo masculino de 48,38%. El consumo de agua es bajo en mujeres, el 32% de 1 a 3 veces/día, el 48% reemplaza el almuerzo por comida chatarra y el 38% de medicina y 28% de nutrición tienen conocimiento de las ECNT que causan la comida chatarra.


Junk food has become part of the eating habits of our society; being a determinant of overweight and obesity are chronic non communicable diseases. According to research students in Chile was observed that 56.8% consumes junk food due to inadequate intake of breakfast, the omission of certain meal times, the consumption of this type of food do in snacks at the university or in surrounding areas because of the lack of time for the trip they make to their homes. OBJECTIVE: To identify factors and determinants of consumption of junk food students of the Faculty of Medicine of the University of San Andres 2016. METHODOLOGY: A descriptive cross-sectional study was conducted using the survey to students of the Faculty of Medicine for the descriptive analysis of data SPSS 19 was used. RESULTS: Sample of 100 students 69% female and 31% are male, The mean age of the study population was 22 years, 43% from medicine, 58% live in the city of La Paz, the total 59% do physical activity, females have a frequency of 28% consumption of snacks, 38% know that junk food causes chronic disease, eating junk reaches 28% in La Paz being the highest, 36% consumes once / week fizzy drinks and 50.7% female replaced by junk food lunch male versus 48.38%. water consumption is low in women of 32% from 1 to 3 times / day, 48% replaces lunch for junk food and 38% medical and 28 % knowledge of nutrition have chronic disease causing junk food.


Subject(s)
Feeding Behavior , Food/adverse effects
7.
Rev. cienc. vet ; 26(3): 23-27, 2010. ilus, tab
Article in Spanish | LIPECS | ID: biblio-1110439

ABSTRACT

El objetivo del presente trabajo fue evaluar la fertilidad del semen congelado manualmente en el campo, inseminando ovejas vía laparoscópica, sobre el porcentaje de gestación y parición en ovejas Corriedale. Se utilizaron 66 ovejas que se distribuyeron de la siguiente manera: Época reproductiva (Mayo-Junio) G=1) 12 ovejas se sincronizaron con dispositivos intravaginales (P4, 0.3 g) por 14 días, G=2) 12 ovejas con control de celo natural y ambos grupos se inseminaron vía laparoscópica con semen congelado 12 a 14 h post detección de celo, G=3) 12 ovejas con celo natural se inseminaron con semen fresco en forma convencional (grupo control). En la época no reproductiva (Setiembre-Octubre) 30 ovejas se sincronizaron con esponjas preparadas que contenían 50 mg de acetato de medroxiprogesterona (MAP) por 14 días y se colocaron 333.3 UI. de eCG al momento de remover las esponjas, la inseminación en ambos grupos se realizó a tiempo fijo 52 a 56 h post remoción de la esponja, en el G= 1) 15 ovejas se inseminaron con semen congelado vía laparoscópica y G=2) 15 ovejas se inseminaron con semen fresco diluido vía cervical que sirvió de grupo control. El diagnóstico de gestación se realizó a los 32 a 35 días post inseminación con ayuda de un ecógrafo Sonovet 600 con el transcluctor lineal vía rectal con una frecuencia 5 MHz y la parición se registró en el cuaderno de control. Los resultados fueron los siguientes: En época reproductiva se obtuvieron en el G= 1) de 12 ovejas sincronizadas 9 (75.0%) gestantes y 8 (66.6%) con parto, G=2) de 12 ovejas con celo natural 8 (66.6%) gestantes y 7 (58.3%) con parto, G=3) de 12 ovejas control 9 (75.0%) gestantes y 8 (66.6%) con parto. Época no reproductiva se obtuvieron en el G= 1)de 15 ovejas sincronizadas e inseminadas vía laparoscópica con semen congelado 10 (66.6%) gestantes y 8 (53.3%) con parto, G=2) de 15 ovejas sincronizadas inseminadas con semen fresco vía cervical 8 (53.3%) gestantes.


Subject(s)
Female , Animals , Pregnancy , Insemination , Laparoscopy , Sheep , Semen Preservation , Reproduction
8.
ECIPERU ; 7(1): 67-70, 2010. tab
Article in Spanish | LIPECS | ID: biblio-1107884

ABSTRACT

La pimienta es la más famosa de las especias, se utiliza para dar sabor a los alimentos. Es una de las especies con mayor población microbiana, por lo que es causante de enfermedades y de descomposición de los alimentos principalmente procesados. El objetivo del presente trabajo es dar a conocer el efecto de la radiación gamma sobre la población microbiana, las características físico-químicas y la evaluación sensorial en pimienta negra molida tratada con diferentes dosis alternativas, con la finalidad de obtener la dosis mínima óptima que reduzca la carga microbiana a las especificaciones recomendadas, sin alterar significativamente las características físico-químicas y sensoriales. Muestras de 500 g fueron irradiadas en el equipo Gammacell 220 (0; 4; 6 y 8 kGy). La tasa de dosis inicial fue de 5.82kGy/h. Se realizaron los siguientes análisis: microbiológico (Aerobios mesófilos, anaerobios, enterobacterias, Salmonella/ Shigella, Coliformes totales, Escherichia coli, Staphylococcus aureus, Estreptococos grupo D Lancefield, Bacillus cereus, Clostridium sulfito reductor, mohos y levaduras). Físico-químico (cenizas totales, cenizas insolubles en HCI, solubles en HCI, extracto alcohólico, extracto etéreo y fibra cruda). La evaluación sensorial (color, olor y sabor mediante test descriptivo. Los métodos fueron los recomendados por la FDA, APHA, AOAC y las NTP. A las diferentes dosis ensayadas, no se encontraron diferencias en los análisis físico-químicos y sensoriales. La dosis mínima seleccionada fue de 8 kGy que redujo la población de microorganismos aerobios mesófilos en 5 ciclos logarítmicos de 9,8 x 106 a 4,0 x10 UFC/g. Dosis de 4kGy fue suficiente para reducir la población de hongos en 3 ciclos logarítmicos de 1,7 x103 a menor que 10 UFC/g, cumpliendo con las especificaciones requeridas.


Pepper is the most famous of spices used to flavor foods. It is one of the crops with the highest microbial population, and it is causing disease and decay of mostly processed foods. The aim of this study was to determine the effect of gamma radiation on microbial population, the physical chemical and sensory evaluation in ground black pepper, treated with different doses alternatives, in order to obtain the optimal minimal dose that reduces microbial load to the recommended specifications, without significantly altering the physical-chemical and sensory. 500 g samples were irradiated in the Gammacell 220 (0, 4, 6 and 8 kGy). The initial dose rate was 5.82 kGy/h. Were performed the following analysis: microbiological (aerobic mesophiles, anaerobes, Enterobacteriaceae, Salmonella / Shigella, total coliforms, Escherichia coli, aureus, Lancefield group D streptococci, Bacillus cereus, Clostridium sulfite reducer, molds and yeasts). Physico-chemical (total ash, ash insoluble in HCl, HCl-soluble extract, alcohol, ether extract and crude fiber. Sensory evaluation (color, odor and flavor by descriptive test). The methods were those recommended by the FDA, APHA, AOAC and NTP. At different doses tested, there were no differences in physical-chemical analysis and sensory. The minimum dose of 8 kGy was selected that reduced the population of aerobic plate in 5 log units of 9,8 x 106 to 4.0 x 10 UFC/g, dose of 4 kGy was sufficient to reduce the fungal population by 3 log units of 1,7 x 103 to <10 UFC/g, according to the specifications.


Subject(s)
Dosage , Piper nigrum/microbiology , Piper nigrum/chemistry , Radiation , Gamma Rays
9.
Rev Laryngol Otol Rhinol (Bord) ; 129(1): 57-9, 2008.
Article in English | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-18777771

ABSTRACT

OBJECTIVE: The etiology of otosclerosis is poorly understood and environmental as well as genetic factors have been implicated. In this paper we will present 3 cases of otosclerosis with a clinical history of trauma and we will discuss with a literature review the place of trauma in otosclerosis etiology. CLINICAL CASES: 3 patients with clinically diagnosed otosclerosis, operated, and with a clinical history of previous head trauma. DISCUSSION AND CONCLUSION: It is probable that environmental factors could be involved in the development of the disease and we think that trauma could be one of them. The mechanisms by which it could results in otosclerosis remain unknown. However these cases appear to be rare and under studied.


Subject(s)
Ear/injuries , Otologic Surgical Procedures/methods , Otosclerosis/etiology , Adult , Chromosomes, Human, Pair 15/genetics , Chromosomes, Human, Pair 16/genetics , Chromosomes, Human, Pair 7/genetics , Female , Humans , Male , Middle Aged , Otosclerosis/genetics , Risk Factors , Wounds and Injuries/complications
11.
Rev. peru. med. exp. salud publica ; 23(4): 265-269, oct.-dic. 2006. tab, graf
Article in Spanish | INS-PERU, MOSAICO - Integrative health, LILACS | ID: lil-477869

ABSTRACT

Objetivos: Determinar la actividad citotóxica selectiva de muricin H en la línea celular H460 (cáncer de pulmón de células grandes). Materiales y métodos: Las líneas H460 y 3T3 (fibroblastos normales de ratón), fueron expuestas a seis concentraciones de muricin H (62,5, 15,6, 3,9, 0,98, 0,24, 0,06 ªÌg/mL), e iguales concentraciones de 5-fluorouracilo(5-FU) usado como control positivo. Se hallaron los porcentajes de crecimiento en 48 horas, luego se determinó laconcentración inhibitoria de crecimiento 50 (CI50) mediante análisis de regresión linear y se obtuvieron los coeficientesde correlación de Pearson. Finalmente se calculó el índice de selectividad de cada muestra. Resultados: Los CI50en ªÌg/mL de muricin H fueron <0,06 (r = -0,96; p<0,005) para H460; y 6,16 (r = -0,96; p<0,025) para 3T3. Los CI50de 5-fluorouracilo fueron 0,46 (r = -0,95; p<0,005) para H460 y 0,29 (r = -0,88; p =0,01) para 3T3. Los índices de selectividad para muricin H y 5-FU fueron: >102,6 y 0,63 respectivamente. Conclusiones: Se demostró la acción citotóxica selectiva in vitro del muricin H, porque tuvo mayor efecto citotóxico para la línea H460, y menor para la línea3T3 en relación con el 5-fluorouracilo.


Objectives: To determine the selective cytotoxic activity of muricin H on a H460 cell line (non-small cell lung cancer). Materials and methods: H460 and 3T3 cell lines (normal murine fibroblasts) were exposed to six concentrations of muricin H (62,5; 15,6; 3,9; 0,98; 0,24; 0,06 µg/mL) and to equal concentrations of 5-fluorouracil (5-FU) used as a positive control. Growth percentages at 48 hours were measured, and then the half-maximal inhibitory concentration (IC50) was determined using linear regression analysis, and Pearson correlation coefficients were calculated. Finally, the selectivity index for each sample was calculated. Results: IC50 values for muricin H, expressed in µg/mL were as follows: <0,06 (r= -0,96; p<0,05) for the H5460 cell line, and 6,16 (r= -0,96; p<0,025) for the 3T3 cell line. IC50 with 5-FU were 0,46 (r= 0,95; p<0,005) for H460, and 0,29 (r= -0,88 P= 0,01) for 3T3. Selectivity indexes for muricin H and 5-FU were <102,6 and 0,63, respectively. Conclusions: In vitro selective cytotoxic activity of muricin H was proven, since it had a greater cytotoxic effect for H460 cell line, and lesser effect upon the 3T3 cell line when compared to 5-FU.


Subject(s)
Phytotherapy , Lung Neoplasms , Plants, Medicinal
12.
Biofarbo ; 11: 43-48, 2003. tab
Article in Spanish | LILACS | ID: lil-385170

ABSTRACT

La presencia de microorganismos patógenos en diversos suelos, transmitidos a través de sistemas de riegos con aguas contaminadas, constituyen un vehículo de transmisión de enfermedades causadas por bacterias patógenas, virus y hongos. Se ha realizado la identíficacíón microbiológica y el análisis fisico químico en muestras de suelos cultivables provenientes de las regiones de Rió Abajo y Cota Cota, de la Ciudad de La Paz. Se ha estimado la densidad bacteriana, la presencia de bacterias patógenas y el grado de contaminación de los suelos cultivables mediante el cultivo y pruebas bioquímicas del metabolismo microbiano. De este modo se ha identificado bacterias aerobias mesófilas totales: Escherichia coli, Enterobacter aerogenes, Salmonella typhi, Shigellas ssp., Proteus vulgaris y una variedad de hongos, registrándose una mayor densidad bacteriana en el área de Rio Abajo debido a la gran afluencia de aguas servidas. La evaluación de los parámetros fisicoquímicos de los suelos en ambas regiones, el contenido de compuestos orgánicos (carbono, nitrógeno, materia orgánica), y las características de pH, salinidad y conductividad eléctrica se encuentran ligeramente incrementados en la región de Río Abajo en comparación con la región de Cota Cota lo cual posiblemente favorece el desarrollo de microorganismos patógenos


Subject(s)
Bacteria , Soil , Wastewater
13.
Horiz. méd. (Impresa) ; 2(1/2): 70-74, dic. 2002. ilus, tab
Article in Spanish | LILACS, LIPECS | ID: lil-677684

ABSTRACT

Se determinó la Dosis Letal 50(DL50) del extracto metanólico del Plantago major "Llantén" administrado por vía intraperitoneal, hallándose como resultado una DL50 equivalente a 4,000 mg/Kg de peso de animal utilizándose para ello 36 ratones divididos en 6 grupos de 6 animales cada uno. Se utilizarón 40 ratas albinas divididas en 4 grupos de 10 animales cada uno, a las cuales se les infiltró en el lomo 2 ml de carragenina al 1 por ciento a las bolsas de aire. Después de 30' de haber colocado la carragenina se administró los extractos y el diclofenaco. A las seis horas fueron sacrificados los animales. Del exudado obtenido se utilizó una parte para el recuento de Leucocitos en el Coulter Counter, el resto se centrifugó para determinar la concentración de proteínas totales por el método colorimétrico de Gornall utilizando el reactivo de Biuret y un patrón de proteína de 70 g/L. Se evidenció las propiedades antiinflamatorias significativas del extracto metanólico, administrado por vía intraperitoneal, a la dosis de 400 mg/Kg y 800 mg/Kg de peso frente al diclofenaco, utilizando la técnica estandarizada de Edwars (CYTED), del Granuloma de Pouche.


We have determined the 50 Lethal dose of the Metanolic extract of Plantago major "Llanten" given by intraperitoneal route. We have found that 50LD was 4000 mg/Kg. Of animal weigtht, using 36 mice divided in six groups with 6 animal s each one. 40 rats divided in four groups of ten animals each one received on the back 2 mI of carragenin 1 % to the air pouch. After 30 minutes, the extract and diclofenac were administered. Six hours afterwards the animal s were killed. The exudate obtained was used to find the leucocyte count in the Coulter Counter. The rest of the material was centrifuged to determine the concentracion of proteins with de Gornall colorimetric method using the Biuret reactive and a model of protein lof 70 g/L. We found the anti-inflammatory properties of the methanolic extract, administered by the intraperitoneal route 400 mg/Kg. and 800mg/Kg and with diclofenac using the standardized technique of Edwards (CYTED) from the granuloma of .. Pouche.


Subject(s)
Animals , Mice , Rats , Anti-Inflammatory Agents , Carrageenan , Diclofenac , Plant Extracts , Plantago/chemistry , Rats , Mice
14.
Rev. med. exp ; 18(1/2): 27-32, ene.-jun. 2001. ilus, tab
Article in Spanish | LILACS, LIPECS, INS-PERU | ID: lil-340740

ABSTRACT

Objetivo: Evaluar la calidad microbiológica y sanitaria de los puestos de venta ambulatoria de alimentos (PVAA) del distrito de Comas. Materiales y métodos: de agosto a noviembre del 2000, se evaluaron la calidad microbiológica y sanitaria de 61 PVAA del distrito de Comas, Lima-Perú. Para la parte microbiológica se analizaron el número de coliformes fecales y la presencia de Salmonella spp. En muestras de alimentos (02), agua, superficies inertes y superficies vivas; y para la evaluación sanitaria se empleó una encuesta de factores de riesgo (20 características). Resultados: 60,7 de PVAA superaron los límites aceptables de coliformes fecales en una o más muestras analizadas. Por tipo de muestras de alimentos, 41,0 de PVAA tuvieron un alimento no apto para el consumo humano (NAPCH) y 19,7 ambos alimentos NAPCH (coliformes fecales> 100 NMP/g), y respecto a las muestras de agua, superficies inertes y superficies vivas, se encontraron resultados microbiológicos inaceptables (coliformes fecales>100 NMP/g) en 32, 8, 42,6 y 49,2 de los PVAA, respectivamente. No se encontró Salmonella spp en ninguna de las muestras evaluadas. Sobre la evaluación sanitaria, 90,2 de los PVAA tuvieron "Riesgo Sanitario Alto", observámdose deficiencias estructurales y culturales de manipulación e higiene de alimentos. Finalmente se encontró relación entre los resultados microbiológicos y las características de evaluación sanitaria. Conclusiones: La calidad microbiológica y sanitarias de las PVAA del distrito de Comas presentaron deficiencias, constituyémdose en un problema potencial de salud para nuestro medio


Subject(s)
Health Risk , Food Microbiology
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