ABSTRACT
A ventricular septal defect is the most common congenital cardiac abnormality encountered in infants and children. Many of them survive through adulthood before diagnosis. Two-thirds of the cases involve the membranous part of the septum. In the absence of an interventricular shunt or concomitant cardiac surgery, guidelines for surgical intervention or resection of isolated aneurysms of the membranous septum are not well established. In this report, we discuss a multi-imaging modality approach for the diagnosis and assessment of membranous ventricular septal aneurysms and review the experts' consensuses for follow-up and treatment strategies.
Subject(s)
Echocardiography/methods , Heart Aneurysm/diagnostic imaging , Heart Septal Defects, Ventricular/diagnostic imaging , Tomography, X-Ray Computed/methods , Ventricular Septum/diagnostic imaging , Aged , Humans , Male , Middle AgedABSTRACT
Syncope is defined as a transient loss of consciousness due to cerebral hypoperfusion characterized by rapid onset, short duration, and spontaneous complete recovery. Numerous causes of syncope have been described. Vasovagal syncope is the most common with a number of precipitants. We report a case of post herpetic trigeminal neuralgia leading to neurocardiogenic syncope. These episodes were preceded by severe stabbing left frontal headaches followed by significant sinus bradycardia, asystole, and syncope requiring pacemaker implantation. To our knowledge only one previous case of post herpetic trigeminal neuralgia leading to syncope has been reported.
Subject(s)
Accidents, Occupational , Cardiac Surgical Procedures , Emergency Treatment/methods , Foreign Bodies/diagnostic imaging , Heart/diagnostic imaging , Sternotomy , Aged , Cardiac Surgical Procedures/methods , Cardiopulmonary Bypass , Coronary Angiography , Coronary Artery Disease/diagnostic imaging , Heart Ventricles , Humans , Male , Sternotomy/methods , Tomography, X-Ray ComputedABSTRACT
We report a case of a complicated vascular access secondary to systemic venous defects which have not been previously reported. Further evaluation revealed congenital absence of superior vena cava with two brachiocephalic veins draining separately. He also had absence of the hepatic segment of the inferior vena cava with azygos continuation. The patient did not have congenital anomalies of the remaining thoracoabdominal vasculature and viscera.
