ABSTRACT
This study was intended to identify the genes responsible for ESBL- and carbapenemase-producing bacterial isolates obtained from Jizan region. A hospital-based cross-sectional study was conducted over a period of 3 months (15th November 2018-15th February 2019). Fifty non-duplicate, 3rd-generation cephalosporin and carbapenem-resistant isolates were collected from microbiology lab of a tertiary care hospital in Jizan province and were screened for ESBLs and MBLs by phenotypic methods (CDT). The positive isolates (by phenotypic method) were then scanned for the presence of bla ESBLs and bla NDM-1 genes, respectively, by PCR. As a result, 10% isolates showed imipenem-cephalosporin co-resistance whereas 92% (46/50) of isolates were found to be ESBL producers by CDT. The maximum occurrence was observed for bla CTX-M (70%), followed by bla SHV (16%) and least occurrence was noted for bla TEM (12%). Moreover, 97% isolates (34/35) were of bla CTX-MGroup1 but one isolate showed the presence of bla CTX-M Group26. Despite the co-resistance of cephalosporin and carbapenem, 14% (7/50) were found to be MBL producer on phenotypic detection by Combination Disc Test (CDT), whereas all the isolates were found to be negative for bla NDM-1. Hence bla CTX-MGroup1 is present in quite high fraction followed by bla SHV in the bacterial isolates of Jizan region. Moreover, the occurrence of bla CTX-M Group1 and bla CTX-M Group26 in clinical isolates from the Jizan region of Saudi Arabia has been reported for the first time.
