Salud mental de la población inmigrante en España / Mental health in the immigran population in Spain

Fundamentos: La relación entre las migraciones de las personas y la repercusión en su salud mental es un tema complejo en su estudio por las múltiples variables que hay en juego.El objetivo de la investigación fue describir el estado de la salud mental de la población inmigrante de España. Métodos: Revisión bibliográfica de los artículos originales publicadosen español o inglés en el periodo 1998-2012. Se seleccionaron investigaciones realizadas en España y que cumplieran la definición de inmigrante de la Organización Internacional de Migraciones. La búsqueda bibliográfica se realizó en Medline y MEDES. Resultados: Gran parte de los estudios revisados tienen un enfoque social y epidemiológico, con referencia a las condiciones socio-económicas del colectivo inmigrante. Factores laborales y psicosociales son determinantes en su salud mental. Conclusiones: Los principales resultados de los estudios realizados en este campo resultan inconsistentes, cuando no contradictorios. La falta de consistencia en los resultados revela cómo este campo está todavía en una fase muy temprana de desarrollo (AU)

Background: The relationship between migration of people and the impact on their mental health is a complex issue, and its study implies multiple variables at stake . The objective is to describe the state of the mental health of the immigrant population in Spain. Methods: scoping Review of the literature published in the period 1998-2012. Articles in Spanish or English developed in Spain and that fulfil the definition of immigrant from the International Organization for Migration were selected. The literature search was performed in Medline and MEDES. The main characteristics of the articles are described. The period of maximum production is between 2004 and 2011. The country of origin is the most common way of classifying immigrants. Results:Most of the studies reviewed have a social and epidemiological approach, making many references to the socio-economic conditions of the inmigrant collective. Work and psychosocial factors are crucial to the mental health of immigrants. The migration process is a risk factor itself, and if personal, social or familial vulnerability is added, all of which may promote the development of mental disorders. Conclusion: The main results of the studies conducted in this field are inconsistent, if not contradictory. Lack of consistency in the results reveals how this field is still in a very early stage (AU)

[Mental health in the immigrant population in Spain]. / Salud mental de la población inmigrante en España.

BACKGROUND: The relationship between migration of people and the impact on their mental health is a complex issue, and its study implies multiple variables at stake. The objective is to describe the state of the mental health of the immigrant population in Spain. METHODS: scoping Review of the literature published in the period 1998-2012. Articles in Spanish or English developed in Spain and that fulfil the definition of immigrant from the International Organization for Migration were selected. The literature search was performed in Medline and MEDES. The main characteristics of the articles are described. The period of maximum production is between 2004 and 2011. The country of origin is the most common way of classifying immigrants. RESULTS: Most of the studies reviewed have a social and epidemiological approach, making many references to the socio-economic conditions of the inmigrant collective. Work and psychosocial factors are crucial to the mental health of immigrants. The migration process is a risk factor itself, and if personal, social or familial vulnerability is added, all of which may promote the development of mental disorders. CONCLUSION: The main results of the studies conducted in this field are inconsistent, if not contradictory. Lack of consistency in the results reveals how this field is still in a very early stage.

El modelo americano de competencia cultural psicoterapéutica y su aplicabilidad en nuestro medio / The north american psychotherapy cultural competence model and its applicability in Spain

La progresiva presencia de usuarios culturalmente diferentes en los servicios de salud mental constituye un retoimportante para la calidad asistencial. Se ha propuesto la competencia cultural como un enfoque general paramejorar estos servicios, lo que implica cambios tanto a nivel institucional como clínico. La gran mayoría de losmodelos de competencia cultural se han desarrollado en los Estados Unidos. La competencia cultural clínica consisteen la adquisición de unos conocimientos específicos, unas habilidades y unas actitudes con los que poderofrecer un tratamiento adecuado, individualizado y culturalmente sensible. Pese a disfrutar de un esperanzadorcomienzo, la competencia cultural en salud mental necesita hoy en día un mayor impulso que permita su correctadefinición y adaptación de cara a su efectiva aplicación en el contexto español

The increasing presence of culturally different clients in Spanish mental health services constitutes an importantchallenge for the effective delivery of care. Cultural competence has been proposed as a general approach forimproving services, which requires changes at both institutional and clinical levels. The vast majority of culturalcompetence models have been developed in the United States. Clinical cultural competence consists of specificknowledge, skills, and attitudes that function together to provide an individualized, cultural sensitive and appropriatetreatment. Although a very promising start, cultural competence in mental health needs to be further defined,adapted, and researched for effective application in the Spanish context