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1.
Case Rep Surg ; 2024: 1039438, 2024.
Article in English | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-39015132

ABSTRACT

Obturator hernias, though rare, are clinically significant abdominal hernias, predominantly affecting elderly, thin women, with an estimated prevalence of less than 1%. The primary treatment involves surgical intervention to reduce and repair the defect, either through laparotomy or laparoscopy, with bowel resection needed in up to 75% of patients. Here, we present the case of an 83-year-old woman presenting with abdominal pain and a history of constipation. An abdominal computed tomography scan demonstrated a left obturator hernia with small bowel obstruction. Successful reduction of the hernia was achieved, albeit requiring intestinal resection via an open surgical approach. Subsequently, the patient achieved complete recovery.

2.
Rev. esp. geriatr. gerontol. (Ed. impr.) ; 59(2): [101452], Mar-Abr. 2024. tab
Article in Spanish | IBECS | ID: ibc-231165

ABSTRACT

Objetivo: Determinar la asociación entre funcionalidad familiar y deterioro cognitivo leve en la familia con adulto mayor. Metodología: Diseño transversal analítico en familias con pacientes geriátricos. Se consideró familia con paciente geriátrico cuando al menos uno de sus integrantes tenía más de 60años de edad. Los grupos de comparación fueron la familia con paciente geriátrico sin deterioro cognitivo y la familia con paciente geriátrico con deterioro cognitivo leve determinada con el instrumento MoCA. La funcionalidad familiar se evaluó con el instrumento APGAR familiar, el cual identifica tres categorías: funcionalidad familiar, disfuncionalidad familiar moderada y disfuncionalidad familiar severa. El análisis estadístico incluyó chi cuadrado y prueba de Mann Whitney. Resultados: En la familia con paciente geriátrico, en el grupo sin deterioro cognitivo la prevalencia de funcionalidad familiar es del 89,7% y en el grupo con deterioro cognitivo leve la prevalencia de funcionalidad familiar es del 59,3% (MW=4,87, p<0,000). Conclusión: Existe asociación entre funcionalidad familiar y deterioro cognitivo leve.(AU)


Aim: To determine the association between family functionality and mild cognitive impairment in the family with the elderly. Methodology: Analytical cross-sectional design in families with geriatric patients. A family with a geriatric patient was considered when at least one of its members was over 60years of age. The comparison groups were the family with a geriatric patient without cognitive impairment and the family with a geriatric patient with mild cognitive impairment determined with the MoCA instrument. Family functionality was evaluated with the family APGAR instrument, which identifies three categories: family functionality, moderate family dysfunction, and severe family dysfunction. Statistical analysis included Chi square and Mann-Whitney test. Results: In the family with a geriatric patient, in the group without cognitive impairment the prevalence of family functionality is 89.7% and in the group with mild cognitive impairment the prevalence of family functionality is 59.3% (MW=4.87, P<.000). Conclusion: There is an association between family functionality and mild cognitive impairment.(AU)


Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Female , Aged , Cognitive Dysfunction , Family , Prevalence , Aging , Cross-Sectional Studies , Geriatrics , Health of the Elderly
3.
Rev. arch. med. familiar gen. (En línea) ; 21(1): 36-41, mar. 2024. tab
Article in Spanish | LILACS | ID: biblio-1554293

ABSTRACT

Antecedentes. Ante la pandemia de COVID-19 el sistema de salud reasignó recursos económicos para la atención. Objetivo. Determinar el costo de la atención y el porcentaje del gasto en salud por COVID-19 en una unidad de medicina familiar de primer nivel de atención. Metodología. Estudio de costo y porcentaje de gasto en COVID-19 en una unidad de primer nivel de atención. Se identificaron los servicios generales y finales, para construir el costo fijo se utilizó la técnica de tiempos y movimientos, se identificaron el total de partidas presupuestales ejercidas en la unidad médica para cada uno de los servicios, para desagregar el gasto de los servicios generales a los finales se construyeron ponderadores. El costo variable se realizó con la técnica consenso de expertos y microcosteo. El costo promedio se relacionó con la productividad por servicio y con el total de pacientes atendidos por COVID-19, el resultado se relacionó con el presupuesto ejercido de la unidad. Resultados. El costo anual de la atención de COVID-19 en módulo respiratorio fue 158.597,25 dólares americanos, en medicina familiar fue 192.549,36 dólares americanos, el costo total ejercido en el año 2021 para atención de SARS COV 2 en una unidad de primera atención fue 351.146,61 dólares americanos. Esta cantidad representa el 9,6 % del gasto en salud. Conclusión. El costo en atención de COVID-19 y el porcentaje del gasto en salud en primer nivel de atención es elevado (AU)


Background. In the COVID-19 pandemic, the health system reallocated financial resources for care. Objetive. To determine the cost of care and the percentage of health spending due to COVID-19 in a first level care family medicine unit. Metodology. Study of the cost and percentage of spending on COVID-19 in a first-level care unit. The general and final services were identified, to construct the fixed cost, the technique of times and movements was used, the total budget items exercised in the medical unit for each of the services were identified, to disaggregate the expense of general services to the endings were constructed weights. Variable costing was performed using the expert consensus technique and microcosting. The average cost was related to productivity per service and to the total number of patients treated for COVID-19, the result was related to the budget used by the unit. Results. The annual cost of COVID-19 care in the respiratory module was 158.597,25 US dollars, in family medicine it was 192.549,36 US dollars, the total cost incurred in 2021 for SARS COV 2 care in a unit of first attention was 351.146,61 US dollars. This amount represents 9,6% of health spending. Conclusion. The cost of COVID-19 care and the percentage of health spending at the first level of care is high (AU)


Subject(s)
Humans , Primary Health Care/economics , Health Care Costs/statistics & numerical data , Public Expenditures on Health , COVID-19/economics , Family Practice/economics , Mexico
4.
Rev Esp Geriatr Gerontol ; 59(2): 101452, 2024.
Article in Spanish | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-38086159

ABSTRACT

AIM: To determine the association between family functionality and mild cognitive impairment in the family with the elderly. METHODOLOGY: Analytical cross-sectional design in families with geriatric patients. A family with a geriatric patient was considered when at least one of its members was over 60years of age. The comparison groups were the family with a geriatric patient without cognitive impairment and the family with a geriatric patient with mild cognitive impairment determined with the MoCA instrument. Family functionality was evaluated with the family APGAR instrument, which identifies three categories: family functionality, moderate family dysfunction, and severe family dysfunction. Statistical analysis included Chi square and Mann-Whitney test. RESULTS: In the family with a geriatric patient, in the group without cognitive impairment the prevalence of family functionality is 89.7% and in the group with mild cognitive impairment the prevalence of family functionality is 59.3% (MW=4.87, P<.000). CONCLUSION: There is an association between family functionality and mild cognitive impairment.


Subject(s)
Cognitive Dysfunction , Aged , Humans , Cross-Sectional Studies , Cognitive Dysfunction/epidemiology , Research Design
5.
bioRxiv ; 2023 Nov 15.
Article in English | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-38014163

ABSTRACT

B cells play a crucial role in the pathogenesis of metabolic dysfunction-associated steatohepatitis (MASH), a severe form of steatotic liver disease that if persistent can lead to cirrhosis, liver failure, and cancer. Chronic inflammation and fibrosis are key features of MASH that determine disease progression and outcomes. Recent advances have revealed that pathogenic B cell-derived cytokines and antibodies promote the development of MASH. However, the mechanisms through which B cells promote fibrosis and the metabolic adaptations underlying their pathogenic responses remain unclear. Here, we report that a subset of mature B cells with heightened cytokine responses accumulate in the liver and promote inflammation in MASH. To meet the increased energetic demand of effector responses, B cells increase their ATP production via oxidative phosphorylation (OXPHOS) fueled by pyruvate oxidation in a B cell receptor (BCR)-specific manner. Blocking pyruvate oxidation completely abrogated the inflammatory capacity of MASH B cells. Accordingly, the restriction of the BCR led to MASH attenuation, including reductions in steatosis, hepatic inflammation, and fibrosis. Mechanistically, BCR restriction decreased B cell maturation, activation, and effector responses in the liver, accompanied by decreased T cell- and macrophage-mediated inflammation. Notably, attenuated liver fibrosis in BCR-restricted mice was associated with lower IgG production and decreased expression of Fc-gamma receptors on hepatic stellate cells. Together, these findings indicate a key role for B cell antigen-specific responses in promoting steatosis, inflammation, and fibrosis during MASH.

6.
Archiv. med. fam. gen. (En línea) ; 20(3): 26-35, nov. 2023. tab
Article in Spanish | LILACS | ID: biblio-1524383

ABSTRACT

Determinar el gasto de bolsillo en salud en las familias con diabetes mellitus y/o hipertensión arterial y el porcentaje del ingreso familiar durante la pandemia del Covid-19. Estudio de gasto de bolsillo en salud que incluyó muestreo consecutivo de 268 familias de México. El ingreso trimestral familiar se definió como la suma de ingresos de cada uno de los integrantes de la familia, el gasto en salud se definió como el total de erogaciones que tuvo la familia para cubrir los diferentes servicios de salud, y porcentaje de gasto en salud se definió como la relación del gasto total trimestral y el gasto corriente del hogar, valores expresados en pesos mexicanos. El promedio trimestral del gasto de bolsillo en salud en la familia con diabetes mellitus y/o hipertensión arterial en la dimensión consulta fue $975,82 y en la dimensión medicamentos $1,371.22; el gasto promedio total trimestral fue $3,133.08. El ingreso trimestral de la familia después de la pandemia del covid-19 fue $85,348.86 lo que representa 5,93% menos del ingreso trimestral antes de la pandemia. El gasto trimestral en salud fue $3,133.08, lo cual corresponde a 3,45% y 3,67% del ingreso trimestral familiar antes y después de la pandemia del Covid-19 respectivamente (AU)


Determine out-of-pocket health spending in families with diabetes mellitus and/or high blood pressure and the percentage of family income during the Covid-19 pandemic. Study of out-of-pocket health spending that included consecutive sampling of 268 families in Mexico. The quarterly family income was defined as the sum of income of each of the family members, health spending was defined as the total expenses that the family had to cover the different health services, and percentage of health spending. It was defined as the relationship between total quarterly expenditure and current household expenditure, values expressed in Mexican pesos. The quarterly average of out-of-pocket health expenditure in the family with diabetes mellitus and/or arterial hypertension in the consultation dimension was $975.82 and in the medication dimension $1,371.22; The average total quarterly expense was $3,133.08. The family's quarterly income after the covid-19 pandemic was $85,348.86, which represents 5.93% less than the quarterly income before the pandemic. The quarterly health expenditure was $3,133.08, which corresponds to 3.45% and 3.67% of the family's quarterly income before and after the Covid-19 pandemic respectively (AU)


Subject(s)
Humans , Health Expenditures/statistics & numerical data , Diabetes Mellitus , Financing, Personal , Hypertension , Income/statistics & numerical data , COVID-19 , Mexico
7.
Archiv. med. fam. gen. (En línea) ; 20(3): 19-25, nov. 2023. tab
Article in Spanish | LILACS | ID: biblio-1524378

ABSTRACT

Introducción. El COVID-19 grave con foco neumónico se maneja en hospital, en esta población las secuelas físicas y funcionales posterior al egreso hospitalario son más frecuentes, involucran la calidad de vida y tienen repercusión en las actividades cotidianas, la autopercepción y el autocuidado.Objetivo. Identificar el tiempo transcurrido para la recuperación de la calidad de vida previa al evento COVID-19 en pacientes que requirieron hospitalización.Metodología. Diseño de cohorte antes-después en pacientes que requirieron hospitalización por cuadro de COVID-19. Se consideró expuesto a los pacientes después del evento COVID-19 y no expuesto al mismo paciente antes del evento. La calidad de vida relacionada con la salud se midió con el instrumento SF-36. El plan de análisis incluyó ecuación de regresión lineal y proyección del número de días transcurridos después de la hospitalización para recuperar la calidad de vida relacionada con la salud previa al evento COVID-19 a partir del egreso hospitalario. Resultados. La dimensión que tarda más días en recuperar la calidad de vida que poseía previa al evento COVID-19 es rol físico con 225 días, y la dimensión que menos días tarda en recuperar la calidad de vida que poseía previa el evento es vitalidad y función social, ambas con 44 días.Conclusión. El tiempo para la recuperación de la calidad de vida previo a la hospitalización es diferente en cada una de las dimensiones de la calidad de vida (AU)


Introduction. Severe COVID-19 with a pneumonic focus is managed in a hospital. In this population, the physical and functional sequelae after hospital discharge are more frequent, involve quality of life, and have an impact on daily activities, self-perception, and self-care.Aim. Identify the time elapsed for the recovery of the quality of life prior to the COVID-19 event in patients who required hospitalization.Methodology. Before-after cohort design in patients who required hospitalization due to COVID-19. Patients were considered exposed after the COVID-19 event and not exposed to the same patient before the event. Health-related quality of life was measured with the SF-36 instrument. The analysis plan included a linear regression equation and projection of the number of days elapsed after hospitalization to recover the health-related quality of life prior to the COVID-19 event from hospital discharge.Results. The dimension that takes the longest days to recover the quality of life that it had prior to the COVID-19 event is physical role with 225 days, and the dimension that takes the fewest days to recover the quality of life that it had prior to the event is vitality and social function, both with 44 days.Conclusion. The time for recovery of quality of life prior to hospitalization is different in each of the dimensions of quality of life (AU)


Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Female , Time Factors , Indicators of Quality of Life , Sickness Impact Profile , COVID-19/rehabilitation , Hospitalization , Quality of Life , Time Perception , Mexico
8.
Clin Transl Sci ; 16(12): 2687-2699, 2023 12.
Article in English | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-37873554

ABSTRACT

The difficulty in predicting fatal outcomes in patients with coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) impacts the general morbidity and mortality due to severe acute respiratory syndrome-coronavirus 2 infection, as it wears out the hospital services that care for these patients. Unfortunately, in several of the candidates for prognostic biomarkers proposed, the predictive power is compromised when patients have pre-existing comorbidities. A cohort of 147 patients hospitalized for severe COVID-19 was included in a descriptive, observational, single-center, and prospective study. Patients were recruited during the first COVID-19 pandemic wave (April-November 2020). Data were collected from the clinical history whereas immunophenotyping by multiparameter flow cytometry analysis allowed us to assess the expression of surface markers on peripheral leucocyte. Patients were grouped according to the outcome in survivors or non-survivors. The prognostic value of leucocyte, cytokines or HLA-DR, CD39, and CD73 was calculated. Hypertension and chronic renal failure but not obesity and diabetes were conditions more frequent among the deceased patient group. Mixed hypercytokinemia, including inflammatory (IL-6) and anti-inflammatory (IL-10) cytokines, was more evident in deceased patients. In the deceased patient group, lymphopenia with a higher neutrophil-lymphocyte ratio (NLR) value was present. HLA-DR expression and the percentage of CD39+ cells were higher than non-COVID-19 patients but remained similar despite the outcome. Receiver operating characteristic analysis and cutoff value of NLR (69.6%, 9.4), percentage NLR (pNLR; 71.1%, 13.6), and IL-6 (79.7%, 135.2 pg/mL). The expression of HLA-DR, CD39, and CD73, as many serum cytokines (other than IL-6) and chemokines levels do not show prognostic potential, were compared to NLR and pNLR values.


Subject(s)
COVID-19 , Humans , COVID-19/complications , Prospective Studies , Interleukin-6 , Pandemics , Prognosis , Biomarkers , Neutrophils , HLA-DR Antigens , Retrospective Studies
9.
Horiz. med. (Impresa) ; 23(4)oct. 2023.
Article in Spanish | LILACS-Express | LILACS | ID: biblio-1528668

ABSTRACT

Objetivo: Identificar los factores asociados a la adherencia al tratamiento farmacológico en pacientes con diabetes mellitus tipo 2 sin hipertensión arterial. Materiales y métodos: Estudio transversal y analítico en pacientes con diabetes mellitus tipo 2 sin hipertensión arterial. Se integraron el grupo con adherencia al tratamiento (n = 145) y el grupo sin adherencia al tratamiento (n = 49), determinado por la escala de adherencia a la medicación de Morisky de 4 ítems (MMAS-4). Como factores asociados, se estudiaron sexo, vida en pareja, escolaridad, ocupación, edad agrupada en decenios y tiempo de evolución de la diabetes agrupada en menos de un año, de 1 a 5 años, de 6 a 10 años y más de 10 años. El plan de análisis estadístico incluyó la prueba de ji al cuadrado. Resultados: Se identificaron el sexo (p = 0,045), la vida en pareja (p = 0,045), la edad (p = 0,001) y el tiempo de evolución de la enfermedad (p = 0,001) como factores asociados a la adherencia al tratamiento farmacológico. La escolaridad no se identificó como un factor asociado a la adherencia terapéutica en el paciente con diabetes mellitus tipo 2 (p = 0,289). A mayor edad, menor adherencia al tratamiento farmacológico en el paciente con diabetes: el punto de corte se presenta a los 60 años; después de esta edad, el porcentaje en el grupo no adherente es mayor que en el grupo con adherencia (p = 0,001). A mayor tiempo de evolución de la diabetes, menor probabilidad de adherencia; en el grupo no adherente, el porcentaje de pacientes con más de 10 años de evolución es 67,3 % y en el grupo con adherencia el porcentaje corresponde a 33,8 % (p = 0,001). Conclusiones: Se identificaron los factores asociados a la adherencia al tratamiento farmacológico en pacientes con diabetes mellitus tipo 2 sin hipertensión arterial.


Objective: To identify the factors associated with adherence to drug therapy among patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus without hypertension. Materials and methods: A cross-sectional, analytical study conducted with patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus without hypertension, divided into an adherent group (n = 145) and a non-adherent group (n = 49), determined by the 4-item Morisky Medication Adherence Scale (MMAS-4). The associated factors were sex, cohabitation, schooling, occupation, age in 10-year groups and diabetes progression time grouped in less than 1 year, from 1 to 5 years, from 6 to 10 years and more than 10 years. The statistical analysis plan included the chi-square test. Results: The factors associated with adherence to drug therapy were identified as sex (p = 0.045), cohabitation (p = 0.045), age (p = 0.001) and disease progression time (p = 0.001). Schooling was not identified as a factor associated with adherence to drug therapy among patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus (p = 0.289). The older the patient with diabetes, the lower the adherence to drug therapy; the cut-off point was 60 years of age, after which the percentage in the non-adherent group was higher than in the adherent group (p = 0.001). The longer the diabetes progression time, the lower the probability of adherence; in the non-adherent group the percentage of patients with more than 10 years of disease progression was 67.3 % and in the adherent group the percentage was 33.8 % (p = 0.001). Conclusions: The factors associated with adherence to drug therapy among patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus without hypertension were identified

10.
Rev Med Inst Mex Seguro Soc ; 61(5): 574-582, 2023 Sep 04.
Article in Spanish | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-37757464

ABSTRACT

Background: Rheumatoid arthritis affects approximately between 0.3 and 1.2% of the world population. In Latin America, different studies have estimated a prevalence between 0.2 and 0.5% in the population over 16 years of age. Objective: To identify the epidemiological profile of rheumatoid arthritis. Material and methods: Descriptive cross-sectional design carried out in an urban population of a social security institution in Mexico. The information of the clinical file of 373 patients was studied. The epidemiological profile included the sociodemographic dimension, family history, health, clinical, therapeutic, biochemical, extra-articular manifestations and complications. Statistical analysis percentages, means, confidence intervals for percentages and confidence intervals for averages were calculated. Results: The wrists were the most affected joints with 44.6% (95% CI: 39.5-49.6%). The extra-articular manifestation with the highest prevalence was asthenia with 9.9% (95% CI: 6.9-12.9%); predominant diagnosis according to ICD-10 was seropositive rheumatoid arthritis with 59.8% (95% CI: 54.8-64.8%), and the rheumatoid factor was highly positive in 78.3% (95% CI: 74.1-82.5%); predominant treatment was with combined therapy at diagnosis in 97.6% (95% CI: 96.0-99.1%). The duration of treatment was > 10 years in 34.1% (95% CI: 29.2-38.8%). Conclusion: This work has described the epidemiological profile of the patient with rheumatoid arthritis in different dimensions.


Introducción: la artritis reumatoide afecta aproximadamente entre 0.3 y 1.2% de la población mundial. En Latinoamérica diferentes estudios han estimado una prevalencia entre 0.2 y 0.5% en población mayor de 16 años de edad. Objetivo: identificar el perfil epidemiológico de la artritis reumatoide. Material y métodos: diseño transversal descriptivo llevado a cabo en población urbana de una institución de seguridad social en México. Se estudió la información del expediente clínico de 373 pacientes. El perfil epidemiológico incluyó la dimensión sociodemográfica, antecedentes heredofamiliares, de salud, clínicos, terapéuticos, bioquímicos, de manifestaciones extraarticulares y de complicaciones. Se calcularon porcentajes, promedios, e intervalos de confianza para porcentajes y promedios. Resultados: las muñecas fueron las articulaciones más afectadas con 44.6% (IC 95%: 39.5-49.6%). La manifestación extraarticular con más alta prevalencia fue la astenia con 9.9% (IC 95%: 6.9-12.9%); el diagnóstico predominante de acuerdo con el CIE-10 fue la artritis reumatoide seropositiva con 59.8% (IC 95%: 54.8-64.8%) y se encontró el factor reumatoide positivo alto en un 78.3% (IC 95%: 74.1%-82.5%); el tratamiento predominante fue con terapia combinada al diagnóstico en un 97.6%, (IC 95%: 96.0-99.1%). La duración del tratamiento fue > 10 años en el 34.1% (IC 95%: 29.2-38.8%). Conclusión: este trabajo ha descrito el perfil epidemiológico del paciente con artritis reumatoide en diferentes dimensiones.


Subject(s)
Arthritis, Rheumatoid , Humans , Cross-Sectional Studies , Arthritis, Rheumatoid/diagnosis , Arthritis, Rheumatoid/epidemiology , Mexico/epidemiology , Research Design , Social Security
11.
J Imaging ; 9(9)2023 Aug 22.
Article in English | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-37754930

ABSTRACT

PURPOSE: To assess the possible influence of the presence of varicocele on the quantification of testicular stiffness. METHODS: Ultrasound with shear wave elastography (SWE) was performed on 48 consecutive patients (96 testicles) referred following urology consultation for different reasons. A total of 94 testes were studied and distributed in three groups: testes with varicocele (group A, n = 19), contralateral normal testes (group B; n = 13) and control group (group C, n = 62). Age, testicular volume and testicular parenchymal tissue stiffness values of the three groups were compared using the Kruskal-Wallis test. RESULTS: The mean age of the patients was 42.1 ± 11.1 years. The main reason for consultation was infertility (64.6%). The mean SWE value was 4 ± 0.4 kPa (kilopascal) in group A, 4 ± 0.5 kPa in group B and 4.2 ± 0.7 kPa in group C or control. The testicular volume was 15.8 ± 3.8 mL in group A, 16 ± 4.3 mL in group B and 16.4 ± 5.9 mL in group C. No statistically significant differences were found between the three groups in terms of age, testicular volume and tissue stiffness values. CONCLUSION: Tissue stiffness values were higher in our control group (healthy testicles) than in patients with varicocele.

12.
Med. segur. trab ; 69(270): 40-48, 14 sept. 2023. tab
Article in Spanish | IBECS | ID: ibc-225334

ABSTRACT

Objetivo: Determinar la satisfacción laboral y el nivel de conocimiento sobre higiene postural como factores asocia-dos a incapacidad prolongada en lumbalgia.Métodos: Estudio transversal analítico en pacientes con incapacidad temporal de trabajo por lumbalgia, se inte-graron dos grupos, pacientes con incapacidad prolongada y pacientes con incapacidad no prolongada. El tamaño de la muestra fue 120 por grupo. La satisfacción laboral se evaluó mediante el instrumento adaptado basado en el cuestionario s21/26 y S4/82, para la higiene postural se utilizó el cuestionario sobre higiene postural de Borrás. El análisis estadístico incluyó t student, mann whitney y Chi2. Resultados: No se encontró asociación entre incapacidad prolongada y satisfacción laboral, en el grupo con in-capacidad prolongada 42.5% refieren estar bastante satisfechos y en el grupo sin incapacidad prolongada la pre-valencia es 35.0% (p=0.154). En el grupo con incapacidad prolongada el nivel de conocimiento bajo sobre higiene postural es 87.5% y en el grupo sin incapacidad prolongada el porcentaje es 68.5% (p=0.000). Conclusión: La satisfacción laboral no es factor asociado con incapacidad prolongada por lumbalgia, el nivel de conocimiento sobre higiene postural es factor asociado a incapacidad prolongada por lumbalgia (AU)


Objective: To determine job satisfaction and the level of knowledge about postural hygiene as factors associated with prolonged disability in low back pain.Methods: Analytical cross-sectional study in patients with temporary work disability due to low back pain, two groups were integrated, patients with prolonged disability and patients with non-prolonged disability. The sample size was 120 per group. Job satisfaction was evaluated using the adapted instrument based on the s21/26 and S4/82 questionnaire, for postural hygiene the Borrás postural hygiene questionnaire was used. Statistical analysis includ-ed t student, Mann Whitney and Chi2.Results: No significant association was found between prolonged disability and job satisfaction. In the group with prolonged disability, 42.5% reported being quite satisfied, and in the group without prolonged disability, the prev-alence was 35.0% (p=0.154).In the group with prolonged disability, the low level of knowledge about postural hygiene is 87.5% and in the group without prolonged disability, the percentage is 68.5%, a statistically significant difference (p=0.000).Conclusion: Job satisfaction is not a factor associated with prolonged disability due to low back pain, the level of knowledge about postural hygiene is a factor associated with prolonged disability due to low back pain (AU)


Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Female , Middle Aged , Health Knowledge, Attitudes, Practice , Sick Leave/statistics & numerical data , Job Satisfaction , Low Back Pain , Cross-Sectional Studies
13.
Article in Spanish | LILACS-Express | LILACS | ID: biblio-1530356

ABSTRACT

La cesárea es una intervención que salva vidas y que tiene indicaciones médicas. La cesárea está clínicamente indicada cuando existe un riesgo significativo de consecuencias adversas para la gestante o el feto. Sin embargo, en los últimos años se han presentado indicaciones no médicas para la cesárea, como es la cesárea por solicitud materna. Se hace una revisión no sistemática sobre la cesárea a solicitud materna. El parto por cesárea a solicitud de la madre en comparación con el parto vaginal planificado es un tema multifacético y complejo, los datos son mínimos y en su mayoría se basan en comparaciones indirectas, desconociéndose sus implicaciones para las mujeres en edad fértil, los profesionales de la salud y la sociedad. Para los médicos, practicar una cesárea por razones no médicas es una decisión profesional, cuya ética se está debatiendo sin pruebas suficientes sobre los riesgos y los beneficios.


Cesarean section is a life-saving intervention with medical indications. Cesarean section is clinically indicated when there is a significant risk of adverse consequences for the pregnant woman or the fetus. However, in recent years non-medical indications for cesarean section such as cesarean section by maternal request have emerged. This is a non-systematic review of cesarean section at maternal request. Cesarean delivery at mother's request compared to planned vaginal delivery is a multifaceted and complex issue, the data are minimal and mostly based on indirect comparisons, and its implications for women of childbearing age. health professionals and society are unknown. For physicians, performing cesarean section for non-medical reasons is a professional decision, the ethics of which is being debated without sufficient evidence on the risks and benefits.

14.
An. Fac. Med. (Perú) ; 84(1)mar. 2023.
Article in Spanish | LILACS-Express | LILACS | ID: biblio-1439182

ABSTRACT

Las hemorragias y la enfermedad tromboembólica venosa (ETEV) figuran entre las cinco causas más frecuentes de morbilidad y mortalidad materna en el mundo. Revisamos la evaluación y el manejo actualizado de las causas obstétricas de la hemorragia posparto (HPP), así como el diagnóstico y manejo de condiciones hematológicas que pueden causar o agravar la HPP, por ejemplo: coagulación intravascular diseminada, enfermedad de von Willebrand, trombocitopenia autoinmune y las microangiopatías trombóticas. Revisamos el rol del síndrome antifosfolípido y las trombofilias hereditarias como factores predisponentes a pérdidas fetales recurrentes y la ETEV en el embarazo y las recomendaciones actuales para la prevención de ambas complicaciones. Asimismo, repasamos el abordaje diagnóstico y líneas de manejo de la ETEV. Un objetivo adicional fue enfatizar la importancia del trabajo colaborativo multidisciplinario para lograr el manejo exitoso de las gestantes con las complicaciones obstétricas y hematológicas descritas.


Bleeding and venous thromboembolism (VTE) are among the five most common causes of morbidity and mortality in pregnant women worldwide. This review describes the current evaluation and management of the obstetric causes of postpartum hemorrhage (PPH), as well as the diagnosis and management of hematologic conditions which can cause or worsen PPH, such as disseminated intravascular coagulation, von Willebrand disease, autoimmune thrombocytopenia and the thrombotic microangiopathies. It also describes the role of the antiphospholipid syndrome and inherited thrombophilia as predisposing factors for recurrent pregnancy loses and VTE, and the current recommendations for the prevention of both complications. As well, the current diagnostic approach and management of ETEV are described. An additional objective of this Review is to emphasize the importance of a collaborative multidisciplinary approach for the successful management of the obstetric and hematologic complications herein described.

15.
Article in Spanish | LIPECS | ID: biblio-1517638

ABSTRACT

La rotura hepática es una complicación grave de un embarazo con una alta morbilidad y mortalidad, está relacionada frecuentemente con la preeclampsia; excepcionalmente se puede presentar en una gestante sin preeclampsia o síndrome HELLP. Se presenta un caso de una gestante sin preeclampsia ni enfermedad hepática previa que desarrolla una rotura hepática en el puerperio, es diagnosticada oportunamente y manejada quirúrgicamente. La paciente evolucionó favorablemente.

16.
Acta méd. peru ; 40(1)ene. 2023.
Article in Spanish | LILACS-Express | LILACS | ID: biblio-1439121

ABSTRACT

Objetivo: Evaluar el efecto protector de la vacuna para SARS-CoV-2 para hospitalizaciones por COVID-19 durante la cuarta ola epidémica en Querétaro, México. Métodos: Diseño de cohorte retrospectiva en pacientes con COVID-19 durante la cuarta ola (19 de diciembre de 2021 al 9 de enero de 2022). Grupos expuestos, antecedente de vacuna anti COVID-19 (vacuna de adenovirus modificado genéticamente y vacuna de ácido ribonucleico mensajero), grupo no expuesto, no vacuna. El diagnóstico de COVID-19 se realizó con la prueba antigénica rápida en exudado orofaringeo, prueba practicada entre el primero y quinto día del inicio de sintomatología. Se incluyeron todos los pacientes que acudieron al servicio de salud por sintomatología, con prueba positiva y dos dosis de la vacuna. El análisis estadístico incluyó chi cuadrada, riesgo relativo e intervalo de confianza para riesgo relativo. Resultados: Se estudiaron 52 pacientes con vacuna de adenovirus modificado genéticamente, 119 con vacuna de ácido ribonucleico mensajero y 336 pacientes no vacunados. En pacientes no vacunados la incidencia de hospitalización fue 62,2%, en pacientes con vacuna adenovirus modificado genéticamente la hospitalización fue 23,1% (p<0.001), riesgo relativo de 0,37 (IC 95%; 0,22-0,61); y en pacientes con vacuna de ácido ribonucleico mensajero la incidencia de hospitalización fue 1,7% (p<0.001), riesgo relativo de 0,03 (IC 95%; 0,006-0,10). Conclusiones: La vacuna anti COVID-19 en el ámbito poblacional es efectiva para evitar hospitalización en pacientes que presentan cuadro agudo de COVID-19 en la cuarta ola.


Objective: To assess the protective effect of the vaccine against SARS-CoV-2 upon hospitalizations due to COVID-19 during the fourth epidemic wave in Queretaro, Mexico. Methods: This investigation was designed as a retrospective cohort study in patients with COVID-19 during the fourth wave of the epidemic (December 19th, 2021, to January 9th, 2022). The exposed group consisted in those subjects who had received a vaccine against COVID-19 (genetically modified adenovirus vaccine and messenger ribonucleic acid vaccine); and the non-exposed group consisted in those people who were not vaccinated. Diagnosis of COVID-19 was made with a rapid antigenic test in oropharyngeal exudate, and the test was performed between the first and fifth day after the onset of symptoms. All patients who came to healthcare facilities because of symptoms, with a positive test and having received two doses of the vaccine. Statistical analysis included chi-square, relative risk, and confidence intervals (CI) for the relative risk. Results: Fifty-two patients who received a genetically modified vaccine, 119 who received a messenger ribonucleic acid vaccine, and 336 non vaccinated subjects were included in the study. The frequency of hospitalization was 62,2% in non-vaccinated persons, this rate was 23,1% (p<0.001), and relative risk was 0,37 (95% CI; 0,22-0,61) in those who received a genetically modified adenovirus vaccine, and it was 1.7% (p<0.001), and relative risk was 0,03 (95% CI; 0,006-0,10) in those who received the messenger ribonucleic acid vaccine. Conclusions: From a population point of view, the vaccine against COVID-19 was effective for preventing hospitalization in patients with acute COVID-19 disease during the fourth epidemic wave.

17.
Acta méd. peru ; 40(1)ene. 2023.
Article in Spanish | LILACS-Express | LILACS | ID: biblio-1439125

ABSTRACT

Objetivo: Identificar la asociación entre obesidad y síntomas de depresión en adolescentes atendidos en una unidad de salud familiar. Materiales y Métodos: Estudio observacional, transversal comparativo en adolescentes mexicanos de 10 a 19 años, se integraron dos grupos de comparación, adolescentes con obesidad y sin obesidad. El tamaño de la muestra fue de 97 adolescentes por cada grupo, se empleó muestreo no probabilístico por cuota. La depresión se evaluó con la versión revisada de la Escala de Depresión del Centro de Estudios Epidemiológicos (CESD-R). El análisis estadístico incluyó promedios, porcentajes, desviaciones estándar, prueba chi cuadrado, razón de momios (RM), e intervalos de confianza para RM. Resultados: En el grupo de adolescentes con obesidad 48,5% presentaron síntomas depresivos y en el grupo de adolescentes sin obesidad 33% también presentaron síntomas depresivos (p=0,02), RM de 1,90 (IC 95%: 1,06-3,41). Conclusiones: Se encontró asociación entre obesidad y síntomas de depresión en adolescentes.


Objective: To identify the association between obesity and depression symptoms in adolescents attended in a family health center. Materials and Methods: An observational, cross-sectional, comparative study of Mexican adolescents aged 10 to 19 years integrated two comparison groups, adolescents with obesity and without obesity. The sample size was 97 adolescents per group, non-probabilistic sampling per quota was used. Depression was evaluated with the revised version of the Center for Epidemiological Studies (CESD-R) Depression Scale. The statistical analysis included averages, percentages, standard deviations, chi square test, odds ratio (OR), and confidence intervals for OR. Results: In the group of adolescents with obesity 48,5% presented depressive symptoms and in the group of adolescents without obesity 33% also presented depressive symptoms (p=0,02), RM was 1,90 (95%CI; 1,06-3,41). Conclusions: We found an association between obesity and depression symptoms in adolescents.

18.
Article in Spanish | LILACS-Express | LILACS | ID: biblio-1515504

ABSTRACT

Introducción. La condición nutricional de la mujer antes y durante el embarazo es uno de los determinantes del riesgo de morbimortalidad materna. Objetivo. Determinar la relación del incremento del índice de masa corporal y la presencia de infección de las vías urinarias en primigestas. Métodos. Estudio de casos y controles en expedientes de primigestas. Se estudiaron variables sociodemográficas (edad, escolaridad, vida en pareja y ocupación), condiciones obstétricas (riesgo obstétrico, semanas de inicio del control prenatal, semanas de resolución del embarazo y número de consultas prenatales), antropometría al inicio y al final del embarazo (peso, talla, índice de masa corporal y condición nutricional -peso bajo, peso normal, sobrepeso y obesidad-, ganancia de peso y ganancia de índice de masa corporal) y modificación de la condición nutricional al inicio y al final del embarazo. El análisis estadístico se efectuó con porcentajes, promedios, intervalos de confianza para promedios, prueba de chi2, razón de momios, intervalos de confianza para razón de momios, regresión lineal simple y proyección de la ocurrencia del evento. Resultados. Cuando el incremento del índice de masa corporal fue de 5 kg/m2, el promedio de infección de las vías urinarias correspondió a 1,62 y, si el incremento del índice de masa corporal fue 10 kg/m2, el promedio de infección de las vías urinarias fue 2,3. Conclusión. En nuestro estudio, a mayor incremento del índice de masa corporal durante el embarazo de la primigesta, mayor fue su probabilidad de presentar infección de las vías urinarias.


Introduction: The nutritional status of women before and during pregnancy is one of the determinants of the risk of maternal morbidity and mortality. Objective: To determine the relationship between the increase in body mass index and the presence of urinary tract infection in primigravidae. Methods: Case-control study in primigravidae records. We studied sociodemographic variables (age, schooling, life as a couple and occupation), obstetric conditions (obstetric risk, weeks of beginning of prenatal control, weeks of pregnancy resolution and number of prenatal visits), anthropometry at the beginning and end of pregnancy (weight, height, body mass index and nutritional condition -underweight, normal weight, overweight and obesity-, weight gain and body mass index gain), and modification of nutritional condition at the beginning and end of pregnancy. Statistical analysis was performed with percentages, averages, confidence intervals for averages, Chi2 test, odds ratio, confidence intervals for odds ratio, simple linear regression, and projection of event occurrence. Results: When the increase in body mass index was 5 kg/m2, the mean urinary tract infection corresponded to 1.62 and, if the increase in body mass index was 10 kg/m2, the mean urinary tract infection was 2.3. Conclusion: In our study, the greater the increase in body mass index during pregnancy of the primigravida, the greater her probability of presenting urinary tract infection.

19.
Ginecol. obstet. Méx ; 91(2): 85-91, ene. 2023. tab
Article in Spanish | LILACS-Express | LILACS | ID: biblio-1448318

ABSTRACT

Resumen OBJETIVO: Describir la prevalencia de diabetes gestacional e hipertensión arterial en pacientes embarazadas con obesidad pregestacional. MATERIALES Y MÉTODOS: Estudio retrospectivo, transversal y descriptivo llevado a cabo en mujeres embarazadas con diagnóstico previo de obesidad (índice de masa corporal superior a 29.99) y con control prenatal. Parámetros evaluados: estilo de vida (alimentación, actividad física, consumo de alcohol, tabaco o alguna toxicomanía) y características físicas, clínicas y bioquímicas durante el embarazo actual por trimestre (índice de masa corporal, glucosa, presión arterial sistólica y diastólica). El diagnóstico de diabetes gestacional se estableció mediante una prueba de tolerancia a la glucosa entre las semanas 24 y 28 de embarazo. La hipertensión gestacional se diagnosticó por cifras de presión arterial mayores e iguales a 140-90 mmHg a partir de la semana 20 de embarazo y en ausencia de proteinuria. El análisis estadístico incluyó porcentajes, promedios e intervalos de confianza. RESULTADOS: La prevalencia de diabetes gestacional en embarazadas con obesidad fue 13.7% (IC95%: 9.6 a 17.9) y la de hipertensión gestacional en embarazadas con obesidad 7.4% (IC95%: 4.3 a 10.6). CONCLUSIÓN: La obesidad es un factor conocido de riesgos, en particular de diabetes e hipertensión en el embarazo. Su alta prevalencia hace necesario implementar campañas de prevención que favorezcan su reducción.


Abstract OBJECTIVE: To describe the prevalence of gestational diabetes and arterial hypertension in pregnant patients with pre-pregnancy obesity. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Retrospective, cross-sectional and descriptive study in pregnant women with a diagnosis of obesity prior to pregnancy (body mass index greater than 29.99) and with prenatal care. The sample size was 269 pregnant women. Lifestyle (diet, physical activity, alcohol, tobacco or drug addiction) and physical, clinical and biochemical characteristics during the current pregnancy were evaluated by gestational trimester (body mass index, glucose, systolic and diastolic blood pressure). The diagnosis of gestational diabetes was established by a glucose tolerance test between the 24th and 28th week of gestation and gestational hypertension was diagnosed by blood pressure figures greater than or equal to 140/90 mmHg from the 20th week of gestation and in the absence of proteinuria. Statistical analysis included percentages, means, and confidence intervals. RESULTS: The prevalence of gestational diabetes in obese pregnant women was 13.7% (95%CI: 9.6-17.9) and the prevalence of gestational hypertension in obese pregnant women was 7.4% (95%CI: 4.3-10.6). CONCLUSION: Obesity is a known risk factor, particularly for diabetes and hypertension in pregnancy. Its high prevalence makes it necessary to implement prevention campaigns to reduce it.

20.
Ginecol. obstet. Méx ; 91(2): 92-99, ene. 2023. tab
Article in Spanish | LILACS-Express | LILACS | ID: biblio-1448319

ABSTRACT

Resumen OBJETIVO: Determinar el costo del retiro anticipado de los métodos de planificación familiar. MATERIALES Y MÉTODOS: Estudio de costo efectuado con base en los expedientes de usuarias de métodos de planificación familiar en una institución de salud del estado de Querétaro, México (2018 a 2021). La unidad de observación fue el expediente de mujeres que se retiraron anticipadamente los métodos: dispositivo intaruterino T de cobre (DiuTcu), Diu Mirena (DiuM) e implante subdérmico (IMSD). Se definió como retiro anticipado al sucedido antes del tiempo estimado de uso. Se analizaron todos los expedientes en donde estaba registrado el retiro anticipado. Se incluyó a toda la población, de ahí que no fue necesario establecer el tamaño de muestra. El costo del retiro anticipado se identificó a partir del costo unitario del método, tiempo esperado de uso y tiempo de no uso. El análisis estadístico incluyó: promedios, porcentajes, intervalos de confianza y proyecciones, para esto se utilizaron supuestos. RESULTADOS: Se estudiaron 1361 expedientes. El costo unitario del retiro anticipado del DiuTcu fue de 5.59 pesos (IC95%: 5.04 a 6.14), del DiuM de 1210.73 pesos (IC95%: 1029.58 a 1391.87) y del IMSD de 658.41 pesos (IC95%: 557.37 a 759.44). La proyección a la población mexicana del costo del retiro anticipado de los métodos de planificación familiar es 219,272,470 de pesos. CONCLUSIÓN: El costo del retiro anticipado de los métodos de planificación familiar es alto.


Abstract OBJECTIVE: To determine the cost of early removal of family planning methods. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Cost study realized in records of women users of family planning method in a health institution in Querétaro, Mexico from 2018 to 2021. The unit of observation was considered to be the records of women who had early removal of the copper IUD, Mirena IUD and subdermal implant methods. Early removal was defined as the retirement of the method before the estimated time of use. Work was done with the total number of records (1361), with early removal in 148 (83 copper IUDs, 28 Mirena IUDs, 37 subdermal implants). The entire population was included, so no sampling technique was used. The cost of early removal was identified from the unit cost of the method, expected time of use, time of non-use. The statistical analysis plan included averages, percentages, confidence intervals and projections for which assumptions were used. RESULTS: The unit cost of early removal of copper IUD was $5.59 (95% CI; 5.04-6.14), Mirena IUD $1210.73 (95% CI; 1029.58 - 1391.87) Subdermal implant $658.41 (95% CI; 557.37- 759.44). The projection to the Mexican population of the cost of early removal of family planning methods is $359, 384,161. CONCLUSION: The cost of early removal of family planning methods is high.

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