ABSTRACT
Positive psychology is vital in increasing prosocial behavior and reducing bullying. However, limited studies have analyzed the influence of positive personal characteristics on the prosocial behaviors of bystanders in bullying. The present study examined direct and indirect relationships between spirituality, happiness, altruism, and prosocial bystander behavior in bullying. Participants in this study were 685 students from Northwestern Mexico; 51% were male and 49% female, between 12 and 18 years old (M = 14.3 years, SD = 1.68). A structural equation model (SEM) was calculated. The results indicate that happiness and altruism were related to prosocial bystander behavior. Spirituality and happiness have an indirect relationship by increasing prosocial bystander behavior through the positive effects of altruism. The SEM explained 48% of the variance of the prosocial bystander. The implications for improving defensive behavior in bullying and reducing school violence are discussed.
ABSTRACT
IoT-Forensics is a novel paradigm for the acquisition of electronic evidence whose operation is conditioned by the peculiarities of the Internet of Things (IoT) context. As a branch of computer forensics, this discipline respects the most basic forensic principles of preservation, traceability, documentation, and authorization. The digital witness approach also promotes such principles in the context of the IoT while allowing personal devices to cooperate in digital investigations by voluntarily providing electronic evidence to the authorities. However, this solution is highly dependent on the willingness of citizens to collaborate and they may be reluctant to do so if the sensitive information within their personal devices is not sufficiently protected when shared with the investigators. In this paper, we provide the digital witness approach with a methodology that enables citizens to share their data with some privacy guarantees. We apply the PRoFIT methodology, originally defined for IoT-Forensics environments, to the digital witness approach in order to unleash its full potential. Finally, we show the feasibility of a PRoFIT-compliant digital witness with two use cases.
ABSTRACT
El aprovechamiento de las aguas de las afluentes que tiene la comunidad para la implementación de cultivos bajo riego en las áreas ´potenciales de la comunidad dio origen a la idea del proyecto
Subject(s)
Population Groups , Agricultural Irrigation , Health of Indigenous Peoples , Drinking Water , Bolivia , Water Consumption (Environmental Health)ABSTRACT
El diagnóstico realizado en las Comunidades del área de influencia del puesto de salud LLavini, mostrará a autoridades de nivel departamental y nacional en especial a los involucrados en el área de salud, la residencia Médica Nacional SAFCI, el ministerio de salud y deportes la realidad de la salud y sus determinantes en esas comunidades bajo resultados de una investigación. A su vez ayudará a sus mismos habitantes a ver su realidad desde fuera o visto por otros por medio de un instrumento objetivo utilizado como la encuesta con explicación de los fenómenos encontrados. Además estos resultados podrán ser analizados y solucionados con participación activa de sus involucrados buscando para el mismo involucrar no solo en el financiamiento en niveles de gestión municipal, departamental y nacional sino también en acciones de formulación de nuevas políticas que vayan a resolver esta realidad que se repite con ciertos matices en comunidades de cantones de la provincia Tapacari.
Subject(s)
Culture , Health , Public HealthABSTRACT
El diagnóstico realizado en las Comunidades del área de influencia del puesto de salud LLavini, mostrará a autoridades de nivel departamental y nacional en especial a los involucrados en el área de salud, la residencia Médica Nacional SAFCI, el ministerio de salud y deportes la realidad de la salud y sus determinantes en esas comunidades bajo resultados de una investigación. A su vez ayudará a sus mismos habitantes a ver su realidad desde fuera o visto por otros por medio de un instrumento objetivo utilizado como la encuesta con explicación de los fenómenos encontrados. Además estos resultados podrán ser analizados y solucionados con participación activa de sus involucrados buscando para el mismo involucrar no solo en el financiamiento en niveles de gestión municipal, departamental y nacional sino también en acciones de formulación de nuevas políticas que vayan a resolver esta realidad que se repite con ciertos matices en comunidades de cantones de la provincia Tapacari.
Subject(s)
Culture , Health , Public HealthABSTRACT
A common challenge in reconstructing phylogenies involves a high frequency of short internal branches, which makes basal relationships difficult to resolve. Often it is not clear whether this pattern results from insufficient or inappropriate data, versus from a rapid evolutionary radiation. The snapping shrimp genus Synalpheus, which contains in excess of 100 species and is a prominent component of coral-reef faunas worldwide, provides an example. Its taxonomy has long been problematic due to the subtlety of diagnostic characters and apparently widespread variability within species. Here we use partial mt COI and 16S rRNA sequences and morphological characters to reconstruct relationships among 31 species in the morphologically well-defined gambarelloides species group, a putative clade of obligate sponge associates that is mostly endemic to the Caribbean and contains the only known eusocial marine animals. Analysis of the combined data produced a single tree with good support for many terminal clades and for relationships with outgroups, but poor support for branches near the base of the gambarelloides group. Most basal branches are extremely short and terminal branches are long, suggesting a relatively ancient, but rapid radiation of the gambarelloides group. This hypothesis is supported by significant departure from a null model of temporally random cladogenesis. Calibration of divergence times among gambarelloides-group species using data from three geminate pairs of Synalpheus species separated by the isthmus of Panamá suggests a major radiation between approximately 5 and 7 Mya, a few My before final closure of the Panamanian seaway during a period of spreading carbonate environments in the Caribbean; a second, smaller radiation occurred approximately 4 Mya. This molecular evidence for a rapid radiation among Caribbean marine organisms in the late Miocene/early Pliocene is strikingly similar to patterns documented from fossil data for several other Caribbean reef-associated invertebrate taxa. The similar patterns and timing of cladogenesis evidenced by molecular and fossil data for different Caribbean and East Pacific taxa suggests that the radiation involved a wide range of organisms, and strengthens the case that poor basal resolution in the gambarelloides group of Synalpheus reflects a real evolutionary phenomenon. The rapid radiation also helps explain the historical difficulty of diagnosing species in Synalpheus.
Subject(s)
Decapoda/genetics , RNA, Ribosomal, 16S/genetics , Animals , Classification , DNA/metabolism , DNA, Mitochondrial/genetics , Databases as Topic , Electron Transport Complex IV/genetics , Evolution, Molecular , Models, Statistical , PhylogenyABSTRACT
Los autores describen el proceso de evaluación seguido para elaborar el nuevo Programa de Post-Grado en Psiquiatría 1988-1992 de la Universidad Nacional Mayor de San Marcos, los problemas hallados en tal esfuerzo y las acciones realizadas para su solución.
The autors describe the evaluation process made to organize the new Post-Graduate Psychiatric Program 1988-1992 of the University nacional Mayor de San Marcos, the problems faced and the actions made to solve them.
Subject(s)
Educational Measurement , Education, Medical, Graduate , Psychiatry/educationABSTRACT
Los autores, miembros de la Comisión encargada de elaborar el nuevo programa de Residencia en Psiquiatría de la Universidad Nacional Mayor de San Marcos, presentan el resultado de su gestión realizada sobre la base de la evaluación previa del Programa de Post-Grado que durante el período 1982-1986 rigió el adiestramiento de Residentes de dicha especialidad en el referido centro de estudios. El nuevo Programa 1988-1992 deberá ser obligatoriamente evaluado al final de su período oficial y, sobre la experiencia lograda en su ejecución, deberá elaborarse el Programa 1993-1997.
The authors, members of the Committee appointed to organize the new Program of Psychiatric Residency of the University Nacional Mayor de San Marcos of Lima, report the results of their work done upon the previous evaluation of the Post-Graduate Psychiatric Program that between 1982-1986 led the traininig of psychiatric residents in that University. The new Program 1988-1992 must also be evaluated at the end of its official period and upon the experience gained during its application the next 1993-1997 Post-Graduate Psychiatric Program must be organized.