Translation and cultural adaptation of the Illness Perception Questionnaire-Revised for Dental to Brazil.

This study aimed to translate and to perform the cultural adaptation of the instrument Illness Perception Questionnaire-Revised for Dental (IPQ-RD) into Brazilian Portuguese. The IPQ-RD consists of 34 items that assess the cognitive and emotional representation/perception of parents/caregivers of children with dental caries, with response options on a 5-point Likert scale, ranging from "Strongly agree" (score 1) to "Strongly disagree" (score 5). The higher the score, the lower the perception of the disease. The protocol consists of translation into Brazilian Portuguese, back-translation into English, revision by an Expert Review Committee, and pre-test (application in parents/caregivers of children in dental care). For some questions, the translated versions were identical (T1 = T2); for others, one version was preferred (T1 or T2); for still others, it was decided to modify terms to obtain greater clarity on the item (T3). In the first pre-test, three questions were misunderstood by more than 15% of the sample, after which the items were reviewed by the Expert Review Committee. In the second pre-test, the adapted version was applied to a new sample of parents/caregivers (n = 15) and the questions were understood by more than 85% of the participants. The Brazilian Portuguese version of the IPQ-RD was well understood by the evaluated population.

Translation and cultural adaptation of the Illness Perception Questionnaire-Revised for Dental to Brazil

Abstract This study aimed to translate and to perform the cultural adaptation of the instrument Illness Perception Questionnaire-Revised for Dental (IPQ-RD) into Brazilian Portuguese. The IPQ-RD consists of 34 items that assess the cognitive and emotional representation/perception of parents/caregivers of children with dental caries, with response options on a 5-point Likert scale, ranging from "Strongly agree" (score 1) to "Strongly disagree" (score 5). The higher the score, the lower the perception of the disease. The protocol consists of translation into Brazilian Portuguese, back-translation into English, revision by an Expert Review Committee, and pre-test (application in parents/caregivers of children in dental care). For some questions, the translated versions were identical (T1 = T2); for others, one version was preferred (T1 or T2); for still others, it was decided to modify terms to obtain greater clarity on the item (T3). In the first pre-test, three questions were misunderstood by more than 15% of the sample, after which the items were reviewed by the Expert Review Committee. In the second pre-test, the adapted version was applied to a new sample of parents/caregivers (n = 15) and the questions were understood by more than 85% of the participants. The Brazilian Portuguese version of the IPQ-RD was well understood by the evaluated population.

Association of Oral Health-Related Quality of Life with the Longevity of ART-Restorations in Children

ABSTRACT Objective: To evaluate the association of oral health-related quality of life (OHRQoL) with the longevity of ART-restorations in children after 18 months. Material and Methods: A longitudinal clinical study with 62 six- to seven-year-old children, both genders, 31 of whom underwent four weeks of oral health education strategy (OHES) followed by ART (GOHES+ART) and the others only ART (GART). The Brazilian short-version of the Child Perceptions Questionnaire (16-CPQ8-10) was used to evaluate the OHRQoL and the perception of change in oral health was assessed by a single question. Data was analyzed using Mann-Whitney, Wilcoxon and Friedman's tests. Results: After 18 months, GOHES+ART reported a greater impairment on OHRQoL, mainly in oral symptoms domain (p<0.05). In this period, greater impairment of oral symptoms was reported in children with failed restorations and with treatment considered to have a minor failure (p<0.05). In inter-group analysis, the GOHES+ART, with 2 to 4 restorations, Class I, of small size, located in the upper arch and with a smaller failure, reported more oral symptoms than the GART. Conclusion: In the long-term, children submitted to OHES followed by ART reported more oral symptoms. Factors such as number, class, size and location of the restorations need to be considered for the implementation of an efficient and effective oral health program, as well as for greater longevity of ART-restorations.

Perceptions of faculty and students on the Pediatric Dentistry clinical evaluation system at Piracicaba Dental School - UNICAMP / Percepções de professores e estudantes sobre o sistema de avaliação clínica em Odontopediatria da Faculdade de Odontologia de Piracicaba - UNICAMP

Purpose: This study evaluated the perceptions of faculty, graduate and dental students on the Clinical Log Sheet (CLS) test, which was applied at the Pediatric Dentistry Clinics of the Piracicaba Dental School, UNICAMP, Brazil. Methods: The CLS computed qualitative (punctuality, personal presentation, biosafety, and theoretical knowledge) and quantitative (number of procedures) items compared with standardized quality parameters. The CLS efficacy was assessed using questionnaires answered by graduate students and faculty (Q1) and by dental students (Q2). CLS consisted of nominal questions and lines to write down suggestions, based on previous evaluations. Results: All faculty/graduate students and 64% of the dental students answered the questionnaires. Faculty/graduate students considered the CLS to be an adequate and useful system, and easy to understand the items related to clinical concepts and performance; most respondents preferred this system to a more subjective evaluation. The dental students reported that the CLS was a partially adequate and useful system, but they also preferred the CLS to subjective evaluation. Conclusion: Overall, the opinions about the new Clinical Log Sheet evaluation system were positive. Periodical re-evaluations will be necessary to improve this instrument and accomplish satisfactory results in a teaching-learning context.

Objetivo: Este estudo verificou a percepção de alunos de graduação, pós-graduação e professores em relação à eficácia do instrumento de avaliação (IA) aplicado na Clínica de Odontopediatria da FOP-UNICAMP, Brasil. Metodologia: O IA consistiu de avaliação qualitativa (pontualidade, apresentação pessoal, biossegurança e conhecimento teórico) e quantitativa (número de procedimentos) com pontuações correspondentes ao padrão de qualidade preconizado pela disciplina. A eficácia do IA foi verificada por questionários auto-administrados aos professores e pós-graduandos (Q1) e aos alunos (Q2), com questões nominais e espaço para sugestões, baseado em avaliações prévias. Resultados: Obtiveram-se 100% de respostas dos professores e pós-graduandos e 64% dos alunos de graduação. O Q1 evidenciou o IA como adequado, útil, com pontuações suficientes, facilidade de aplicação dos conceitos das atividades clínicas e do desempenho dos alunos e preferível à avaliação subjetiva, quando notas são atribuídas sem categorias específicas. O Q2 mostrou o IA como parcialmente adequado e útil, com pontuações excessivas, sem destacar áreas de dificuldade ou diminuir chances de reprovação, mas foi também preferível à avaliação subjetiva. Conclusão: O IA foi considerado um sistema padronizado eficaz de avaliação, mas adequações e re-avaliações são necessárias para aprimorar o instrumento e determinar resultados satisfatórios no contexto ensino-aprendizagem.

Analysis of surfaces and adhesive interfaces of enamel and dentin after different treatments.

PURPOSE: The purpose of this study was to analyze, by Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM), the surface topography and the morphology of the adhesive interfaces of enamel and dentin after different treatments. MATERIALS AND METHODS: The enamel-dentin discs were randomly assigned into three groups according to the surface treatment: I-37% phosphoric acid; II-air-abrasion; III-air-abrasion followed by 37% phosphoric acid. After surface treatment, discs were divided in two: one hemi-disc was separated for surface analysis; the other hemi-disc received the Single Bond/Filtek Z-250 restorative system. The restored sections were bisected perpendicularly to the surface and prepared for interface analysis. RESULTS: Results disclosed that when the surface treatment was performed by air-abrasion, irregularities were observed at the enamel surface; microcracks and occluded tubules at dentin surface and lack of hybrid layer at adhesive/dentin interface. The air-abrasion treatment followed by acid etching provided an enamel etching pattern similar to the acid etching; microfissures and open tubules at dentin surface, and formation of hybrid layer at adhesive-dentin interface. CONCLUSION: It may be concluded that the treatment with air-abrasion followed by acid etching is an effective procedure to obtain an adequate surface for resin adhesion.

Microleakage on Class V glass ionomer restorations after cavity preparation with aluminum oxide air abrasion.

This in vitro study assessed the marginal microleakage on class V cavities prepared with aluminum oxide air abrasion and restored with different glass ionomer cements. The cavities were prepared on the buccal and lingual surfaces of 15 sound third molars with an air- abrasion device (Kreativ Mach 4.1; New Image) using a 27.5-microm aluminum oxide particle stream, and were assigned to 3 groups of 10 cavities each. The restorative materials were: group I, a conventional glass ionomer cement (Ketac-Fil); groups II and III, resin-modified glass ionomer cements (Vitremer R and Fuji II LC, respectively). After placement of the restorations, the teeth were stored in distilled water at 37 degrees C for 24 h, polished and then submitted to a thermocycling regimen of 500 cycles, isolated, immersed in 0.2% Rhodamine B solution for 24 h, included and serially sectioned. Microleakage was assessed by viewing the specimens under an optical microscope connected to a color video camera and a computer. The images obtained were digitized and analyzed for microleakage using software that allows for a standard quantitative assessment of dye penetration in millimeters. Statistical analysis was done using the Kruskall-Wallis and Wilcoxon tests. Means of dye penetration (%) were: occlusal - I: 25.76 +/- 34.35, II: 20.00 +/- 42.16, III: 28.25 +/- 41.67; cervical - I: 23.72 +/- 41.84; II: 44.22 +/- 49.69, III: 39.27 +/- 50.74. No statistically significant differences (p>0.05) were observed among either the glass ionomer cements or the margins. In conclusion, class V cavities restored with either conventional or resin-modified glass ionomer cements after preparation with aluminum oxide air abrasion did not show complete sealing at the enamel and dentin/cementum margins.

Microleakage on class V glass ionomer restorations after cavity preparation with aluminum oxide air abrasion

Este estudo in vitro avaliou a microinfiltração marginal em cavidades classe V preparadas com jato de óxido de alumínio e restauradas com diferentes sistemas ionôméricos. As cavidades foram preparadas nas superfícies vestibular e lingual de 15 terceiros molares hígidos e foram divididas em três grupos com 10 cavidades cada um. Os seguintes materiais foram utilizados: no grupo I, cimento de ionômero de vidro convencional (Ketac Fil) e nos grupo II e III, cimentos de ionômero de vidro modificado por monômeros resinosos (Vitremer e Fuji II LC, respectivamente). O preparo cavitário foi realizado por meio da aplicação do jato de óxido de alumínio (Kreativ Mach 4.1; New Image), com partículas de 27,5 µm. Após a restauração das cavidades, os dentes foram armazenados durante 24 h em água destilada a 37ºC, polidos e então submetido a termociclagem (500 ciclos), imersos em Rodamina B a 0,2% por 24 h, incluídos e seccionados. A análise da microinfiltração marginal foi realizada por meio de um microscópio óptico acoplado a uma câmera e a um computador. As imagens obtidas foram digitalizadas e analisadas utilizando um software que permite uma análise quantitativa padronizada da microinfiltração, em milímetros. As médias (%) obtidas foram: oclusal - I: 25,76 mais ou menos 34,35; II: 20,00 mais ou menos 42,16; III: 28,25 mais ou menos 41,67; cervical I: 23,72 mais ou menos 41,84; II: 44,22 mais ou menos 49,69; III: 39,27 mais ou menos 50,74. Os dados foram submetidos à análise estatística, utilizando os testes de Kruskall-Wallis e Wilcoxon. Não houve diferença estatisticamente significante (p>0.05) entre os materiais testados nem entre as margens oclusal e cervical. Conclui-se que em cavidades classe V preparadas com ar abrasão e restauradas com cimentos de ionômero de vidro convencional e modificados por monômeros resinosos não houve completo vedamento marginal.

Shear bond strength of enamel surface treated with air-abrasive system.

The aim of this study was to evaluate the shear bond strength of a composite resin to dental enamel, using three different surface treatments. Fifteen sound third molars were randomly assigned to three groups. The mesial and distal surfaces were flattened and covered using adhesive tape with a central orifice delimiting the adhesion area (7.07 mm2). Group I, the enamel surface was conditioned with 37% phosphoric acid for 15 s; group II, the surface was treated using air abrasion with aluminum oxide; group III, the enamel surface was treated using an association of air abrasion with aluminum oxide and 37% phosphoric acid. The Single Bond (3M) adhesive system was applied and a Teflon matrix was placed and filled with composite resin Z-100 (3M) and light-cured. The shear bond strength test was performed with a universal testing machine. The acid etching technique and air abrasion with aluminum oxide associated with acid etching had the highest shear bond strength values. Data were subjected to statistical analysis using ANOVA and the Turkey test, and no statistically significant difference in shear bond strength was observed between group I (12.49 +/- 2.85 MPa) and group III (12.59 +/- 2.68 MPa). In contrast, both groups had statistically better shear bond strengths compared to group II (0.29 +/- 0.56 MPa; p < 0.05). Air abrasion with aluminum oxide does not substitute acid etching. The association of these methods to obtain adequate adhesion to the substrate is necessary.

Shear bond strength of enamel surface treated with air-abrasive system

The aim of this study was to evaluate the shear bond strength of a composite resin to dental enamel, using three different surface treatments. Fifteen sound third molars were randomly assigned to three groups. The mesial and distal surfaces were flattened and covered using adhesive tape with a central orifice delimiting the adhesion area (7.07 mm²). Group I, the enamel surface was conditioned with 37 percent phosphoric acid for 15 s; group II, the surface was treated using air abrasion with aluminum oxide; group III, the enamel surface was treated using an association of air abrasion with aluminum oxide and 37 percent phosphoric acid. The Single Bond (3M) adhesive system was applied and a Teflon matrix was placed and filled with composite resin Z-100 (3M) and light-cured. The shear bond strength test was performed with a universal testing machine. The acid etching technique and air abrasion with aluminum oxide associated with acid etching had the highest shear bond strength values. Data were subjected to statistical analysis using ANOVA and the Tukey test, and no statistically significant difference in shear bond strength was observed between group I (12.49 ± 2.85 MPa) and group III (12.59 ± 2.68 MPa). In contrast, both groups had statistically better shear bond strengths compared to group II (0.29 ± 0.56 MPa; p<0.05). Air abrasion with aluminum oxide does not substitute acid etching. The association of these methods to obtain adequate adhesion to the substrate is necessary