[Preclinical toxicological study of the new enterosorbent noolit].

The safety of the new enterosorbent noolit has been evaluated within the framework of its preclinical characterization. Single introduction of noolit to rats and mice (females and males) in maximum doses for intragastric administration (5.0 - 20.0 g/kg) does not lead to the loss of experimental animals. Single administration of large doses (5 - 40 times the effective dose) can reduce the growth of the total body weight and lead to the development of nonlethal pathological changes of hemopoietic organs, which is manifested by a weak regenerative anemia (5% of cases); neutrophile, eosinophile, and basophile leukocytosis (3% of cases); and a decrease in the glucose level in blood serum. In chronic experiments on rabbits, the administration of noolit for 3 months in a dose of 0.5 and 2.0 g/kg (2 and 8 times that recommended for humans) did not reveal any toxic action on the functional and morphological state of the main systems and organs (blood, liver, kidneys, lungs, heart, gastrointestinal tract, sex organs, etc.).

[Effect of the enteric sorbent noolit on the psychoemotional status in mice]. / O vliianii énterosorbenta noolita na psikhoémotsional'noe sostoianie depressivnykh myshei.

The enterosorbent noolit (representing a mineral matrix base with immobilized lithium and silicon compounds) significantly affects the psychoemotional state of mice with depression model induced by prolonged social emotional stress. Noolit administration produces a pronounced anxiolytic and antidepressant effect and reduced the level of behavioral deficiency in the test animals.

[Effects of the enterosorbent SUMS-1 on isoniazid pharmacokinetics and lipid peroxidation in patients with pulmonary tuberculosis and drug-induced hepatic lesions]. / Vliianie énterosorbenta SUMS-1 na farmakokinetiku izoniazida i perekisnoe okislenie lipidov u bol'nykh tuberkulezom legkikh s lekarstvennym porazheniem pecheni.

The use of the enterosorbent SUMS-1 in the combined therapy for pulmonary tuberculosis patients with drug-induced toxic hepatic lesion arrests the clinical and laboratory manifestations of endotoxicosis, removes antibiotic intolerance, increases the elimination rate of isoniazid, and reduces its distribution scope, the area beneath the kinetic curve being unchanged. The plasma concentrations of primary products and after-products of lipid peroxidation products during enterosorbent therapy decline and the levels of ceruloplasmin and alpha-tocopherol remain unchanged.

[Effects of a synthetic carbon-mineral sorbent and antibiotics on the development of combined radiation and thermal injury]. / Vliianie sinteticheskogo uglerod-mineral'nogo sorbenta (SUMS-1) i antibiotikov na razvitie kombinirovannogo radiatsionno-termicheskogo porazheniia.

Male Wistar rats exposed to whole-body irradiation, the midline absorbed dose was 7.5 Gy. Full-sickness thermal burn 15% of body surface inflicted immediately after irradiation. Experimental study of the therapeutic efficacy of enterosorption alone or in combination with antibiotics doxycycline and ciprofloxacin performed. The strong decrease of bacterial endotoxemia, toxic oligopeptides' level and general blood toxicity revealed after treatment compared with non-treated animals with combined injuries. Corrections of postirradiation intestinal dysbacteriosis revealed too. The best result observed when carbon mineral sorbent and antibiotics administered daily within the first 10-14 days after combined injury. Survival of treated animals increased up to 80% (all rats of control group died during 30 days after combined injury).

[A new sorbent for hemosorption]. / Novyi sorbent dlia gemosorbtsii.

SIAL, a new granulated white adsorbent, has been obtained. It is characterized by highly porous surface with hydrophilic-hydrophobic properties due to combined effects of the mineral matrix (aluminum oxide) and the coating (organosiloxane fluid) permitted for medical use. The detoxication properties of the adsorbent have been demonstrated in experimental hemosorption. It was shown to exert a moderate effect on the contact phase of blood clotting and on platelet aggregation characteristics.

[The efficacy of using synthetic carbon-mineral sorbents in combined radiation-thermal lesions]. / Effektivnost' primeneniia sinteticheskikh uglerod-mineral'nykh sorbentov pri kombinirovannykh radiatsionno-termicheskikh porazheniiakh.

The effect of enterosorbents of group "SUMS" on the manifestations of endogenous intoxication syndrome and dysfunction of small intestine was studied in rats with combined radiational-thermal injuries. The "SUMS" enterosorbents are shown to reduce the general toxemia, and promote the recovery of intestinal wall digestion enzyme activity and glucose absorption.

[The adhesion of pathogenic microflora on carbon sorbents]. / Adgeziia patogennoi mikroflory na uglerodnykh sorbentakh.

The adsorbing activity of granulated carbonic sorbents SKN and KAU, as well as their oxidated forms, containing protogenic carboxylic and phenolic groups with respect to Shigella flexneri, Salmonella typhimurium, Escherichia coli, Streptococcus aureus and Pseudomonas aeruginosa pathogenic strains has been studied. As shown in this study, the process of interaction between microorganisms and carbonic sorbents has two stages. At the first stage the main role is played by long-distance electrostatic forces and at the second stage, by Van der Waals short-distance forces, as well as bonds formed between cell structures and surface groupings of carbonaceous materials. In the mechanism of interaction between microbial cells and carbons the geometry of carbon surface plays an important role. KAU(0)-1 exhibits the highest degree of adhesion with respect to pathogenic bacteria.