ABSTRACT
INTRODUCTION: Improvements in computer technology have made it possible to design a cataract surgery teaching simulator in real time. MATERIAL AND METHODS: A computed representation of the lens was made with a mechanical model simulating the behavior of the lens, to which we added texture. The different models use mesh to make a section, which allowed us to make a section in real time using element removal or separation. Different models were used: a mass-spring mesh, a rigid model and a deformable model created using the finite element method. The contact with the lens is simulated by a collision sphere, which provides the interaction between the surgical instruments and the virtual environment. The surgical instruments viewed on the screen are controlled by a stylus with 6 degrees of freedom. DISCUSSION: We obtained the first step of phacoemulsification in real time with a good visual aspect. The surgeon views the procedure and can modify his movements instantaneously. This simulator provides the opportunity for students to safely learn phacoemulsification and improve their technique with an infinite number of procedures. CONCLUSION: The realism offered by this tool provides a rigorous teaching tool that might reduce the learning curve for phacoemulsification.
Subject(s)
Audiovisual Aids , Computer Simulation , Phacoemulsification/education , User-Computer Interface , Computer Systems , Humans , Models, Structural , Phacoemulsification/instrumentation , Phacoemulsification/methodsABSTRACT
We report a 42-year-old woman with a hemangiopericytoma tumor located in nasal fossae, revealed by acute dacryocystitis. Clinical rhinoscopic examination and orbitofacial tomodensitometry showed tumefaction of the lacrimal sac and nasolacrimal duct. We removed the tumor by endonasal surgery. The anatomopathology examination confirmed the diagnosis of hemangiopericytoma. The internal canthus area and the maxillary sinus roof were treated with complementary irradiation.
