[Mammographic structure of breast parenchyma and the manifestations of breast cancer]. / Mamografska struktura parenhima dojke i pojava raka dojke.

The occurrence of breast carcinoma in regard to mammographic parenchyma samples applying the technique of Wolfe was analyzed. In the examined group of patients (n = 105) after clinical and mammographic examination mastectomy was performed with evacuation of axillary tissue. The malignancy was confirmed pathohistologically as well as the degree of spreading. The control group consisted of (n = 105) patients of the same age in whom at the time of examination and 6 months later malignancy was not confirmed. P-2 was more frequent in the group of the sick, while N-1 sample (X2 = 17.15, p < 0.01) was rarer. In patients older than 50 years of age Dy sample (x2 = 11.95, p < 0.01) was also more frequent. The difference can be explained by the fact that P-2 and Dy mammographic samples represent the picture of dysplastically changed breast tissue and depending on the presence of histologic elements of proliferation and cell atypias point to an increased risk of cancer. Consequently the samples are divided into "highly risky" (P-2 and Dy) and "of low risk" (N-1 and P-1). Women with mammographic parenchymal samples of a higher risk together with other risk factors should be frequently controlled.

Diffuse partial woolly hair.

We report 4 new cases presenting with the characteristics of a recently described pilar dysplasia entitled 'diffuse partial woolly hair'. Two of our cases were familial (mother and daughter), while the 2 other were sporadic. Scalp hair of all the patients exhibited two hair shaft populations intermingled throughout the scalp. The first hair type was straight, normally pigmented and of normal length, while the second type was wavy and the shafts were hypopigmented, thinner, shorter and easily pluckable. One of our patients presented with a diffuse hair thinning due to a progressive loss of wavy hairs. Under reflected light, both hair populations displayed alternating dark and bright segments. Scanning-electron microscopic analysis of straight and wavy hairs revealed comparable lesions: torsions, angular kinks, weathering as well as grooved segments alternating with the normal ones. These changes were the most severely expressed in the shortest and the waviest hairs. Taken together, the clinical and microscopic characteristics of this pilar dysplasia justify its introduction as a separate entity into the woolly hair group.

[Presence of biotypes of "Streptococcus mutans group" in the mouth of Belgrade children]. / Zastupljenost biotipova "Streptococcus mutans grupe" u dentalnom plaku beogradske dece.

Strains of "Streptococcus mutans group" were tested in order to determine their belonging to the biotype according to the scheme suggested by Shklair. Biochemical testing of the strains was performed by API 20 Strep system. All the strains tested in this experiment showed biochemical activity characteristic for Streptococcus mutans, Biotype I, Genetic group I, and serological groups (c, e, f). The results of this research are in accordance with the results of similar works performed in various geographical areas.

[Microbiological investigation of supragingival dental plaque in patients treated with porcelain jacket and gold veneered resin crowns]. / Mikrobioloska istrazivanja supragingivnog dentalnog plaka u pacijenata zebrinutih porcelanskim i fasetiranium krunicama.

The majority of periodontologists agree that the primary aetiological factor of periodontal disease is dental plaque. The purpose of the study was to investigate the accumulation of dental plaque on the with porcelain jackets and gold veneered resin crowns, and to correlate these findings with the data obtained on the uncrowned control teeth in the same patients. The qualitative analysis of microorganisms in dental plaque did not show a great difference between porcelain jacket and gold veneered resin crowns. However, a high difference was found in the quantitative accumulation of microorganisms in the mature dental plaque (considerably less on porcelain jacket crowns). These findings indicate that dental porcelain is less susceptible to accumulation of bacterial plaque in comparation to resin and even to hard tooth structures.

[Dynamics of occurrence and mortality in colorectal carcinoma in the community around Osijek]. / Dinamika ucestalosti i mortaliteta od kolorektalnog karcinoma u zajednici opcina Osijek.

The extent and dynamics of the occurrence of colorectal carcinoma were analysed in all the communes of the region of Osijek during the period from 1968 to 1982. The age and sex of patients, geographical distribution and other factors which might have influenced the colorectal carcinoma occurrence were taken into consideration. The dynamic of the occurrence of colorectal carcinoma was analysed by the method of regression. The incidence of the carcinoma of the large bowel in the region of Osijek in 1982 was between 10.3% and 33.7% per 100,000 inhabitants. In most communes the incidence was between 20.9% and 28.1%. During the period from 1968 to 1982 there was an increase in the occurrence of colorectal carcinoma in all communes, with the exception of the commune of Slavonska Orahovica which is one of the most undeveloped areas in the region. A significant increase of the new cases of colorectal carcinoma was recorded in the communes of Beli Manastir and highly significant increase in the communes of Djakovo, Podravska Slatina, Slavonska Pozega and Vukovar. During the same period there was an evident increase in the mortality rate from colorectal carcinoma in all the communes in the region of Osijek. The rate was 22.2% per 100,000 inhabitants which represents 1.9% of overall mortality or 11.6% of the mortality from all malignant diseases in the region. With regard to epidemiological data and the authors' own investigations it has become obvious that more care and attention should be paid to the prevention of colorectal carcinoma as an integral part of the chronic disease prevention programme.

Agarose isoelectric focusing, antiserum immunofixation and silver staining for detection of oligoclonal bands in unconcentrated cerebrospinal fluid.

Unconcentrated cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) and corresponding serum from 30 patients with multiple sclerosis (MS), 30 with other neurological disease and 30 controls suffering from tension headache or psychoneurosis, were examined for oligoclonal IgG bands by initial separation employing agarose isoelectric focusing (AIF) followed by a modified procedure of immunofixation with monospecific antiserum and silver staining. This method is specific for demonstration of IgG and has a limit for detection of 0.4 microgram of IgG. Comparing the results with those obtained by AIF followed by capillary blotting to nitrocellulose membrane, double antibody peroxidase labeling and avidin-biotin amplification, both methods revealed similar frequencies of positive findings for oligoclonal IgG bands in the three patient groups. AIF followed by antiserum immunofixation and silver staining is a simple, sensitive and specific method for detection of oligoclonal IgG in unconcentrated CSF.