Deep Neck Space Infection a Study of 150 Cases at Tertiary Care Hospital.

Deep neck space infection (DNSI) is the infection of the potential space in the Neck; in this study our aim is to identify various aetiological causes, common site, bacteriology, and complications arising from it. DNSI is traditionally managed by prompt surgical drainage of the abscess followed by culture specific antibiotics. It is a prospective cross sectional type of study done conducted on 150 patients suffering from DNSI, it was conducted from March 2019 to March 2020 (1 year duration) at Department of ENT and Head & Neck Surgery, A.B.V Govt Medical College, Vidisha, MP, India. In our study, the majority of patients were in the 31-40 year age group. 53.33% were male 44.66% were female. Pain in the swelling was the most common symptom identified in 46.66% patients. Odontogenic infection 42.66% was the most common etiological factor, Ludwig angina 24.66% was the common site of presentation. Streptococcus species was found on pus culture 31.33%. Surgical intervention incision & drainage was carried out in 38% patients and emergency tracheostomy was required in 12% cases. DNSI is a potential life threatening condition; patients should be treated with Incision and drainage along with intravenous antibiotics which is subsequently updated to culture & sensitivity report. Due to poor oral hygiene, chronic irritation by caries tooth, chewing beetle nut and tobacco, odontogenic cause has became major etiological factor for DNSI. Regular dental checkups, general awareness about oral hygiene are a must to prevent dental infections as odontogenic is leading cause of DNSI in our study.

To Study the Role of FNAC in Pre-operative Diagnostic Work Up and Management in Parotid Tumours.

Parotid gland is an important major salivary gland connected to the oral cavity. Salivary gland tumours are infrequent around less than 3% of head and neck tumours. Parotid gland is the most common site for the occurrence of salivary tumors. They are heterogeneous group of neoplasm characterized by the varying histological features and clinical behaviour. In our study we have examined the role of FNAC for preoperative diagnostic and management. We have concluded that Fine needle aspiration cytology is advocated routinely to know the type and nature of the tumour as an important pre-operatively diagnostic work up. It helps in preoperative identification of type of tumour neoplastic or benign, preoperative counselling of patient, planning of management of tumour, and preparing the patient and the surgical team for the more extensive procedure generally required for a high grade malignancy.

Nasal glioma : A case report.

Nasal glioma, also known as glial heterptopia or the occurrence of isolated non - leratomatous glial tissue is a rare and benign congenital defect. This condition is diagnosed usually at birth time and requires early treatment to prevent facial deformations. We report here a case of extranasal glioma that was diagnosed and treated at the department of ENT, Gandhi Medical College, Bhopal. We emphasize on the developmental theory proposed as the etiology and discuss the clinical aspects, treatment and follow up.

Immunolocalization of secretory proteins of Aspergillus fumigatus using monospecific polyclonal antibodies in a murine model.

The incidence of life-threatening mycoses caused by opportunistic fungi has increased dramatically in recent years with members of the genera Candida and Aspergillus being the most commonly encountered species. Prompt initiation of antifungal therapy for good prognosis of such cases is highly dependent on accurate diagnosis. The potential of metabolic antigens in the diagnosis of aspergillosis was investigated in the present study. Two proteins of 18 and 70 kDa were identified with success rate of 35% and 60% respectively based on their reactivity with patient sera of clinically diagnosed cases of aspergillosis. The antibodies raised against 70 and 18 kDa proteins in rabbits were found to be useful in detection of A. fumigatus in the kidneys of a mouse model of aspergillosis.

Identification of novel antifungal nonapeptides through the screening of combinatorial peptide libraries based on a hexapeptide motif.

Four sets of mixture based nonapeptide libraries derived from an antifungal hexapeptide pharmacophore Arg-D-Trp-D-Phe-Ile-D-Phe-His-NH(2) (II) have been synthesized. The three C-terminal positions 7, 8 and 9 were subject to randomization using 19 genetically coded amino acids. They were then screened for their antifungal activity against Candida albicans and Cryptococcus neoformans in order to quantify inhibition at each step of the nonapeptide sublibrary deconvolution. The studies led to the identification of several novel nonapeptides with potent antifungal activity. Two of the nonapeptides exhibited approximately 17-fold increase in the activity in comparison to the lead hexapeptide motif His-D-Trp-D-Phe-Phe-D-Phe-Lys-NH(2) (I) against C. albicans.

Combinatorial approach to lead optimization of a novel hexapeptide with antifungal activity.

Three sets of sublibraries of an antifungal lead peptide His-D-Trp-D-Phe-Phe-D-Phe-Lys-NH2 (I) have been prepared by introducing variations at positions 1, 4 and 6. They were screened for their antifungal activity against C. albicans and C. neoformans in order to quantify inhibition at each step of the hexapeptide sublibrary iteration. The studies led to the identification of Arg-D-Trp-D-Phe-Ile-D-Phe-His-NH2 as a novel hexapeptide with potent antifungal activity against both C. albicans and C. neoformans.

Suitably functionalised pyrimidines as potential antimycotic agents.

Various suitably functionalized pyrimidine derivatives have been synthesized to explore their potential as antimycotic agents. Some of the synthesized compounds 4c, 4d, 8a-e have shown highly significant in vitro antifungal activity against five human pathogenic fungi.