Epidemiological analysis of the distribution of cystic and alveolar echinococcosis in Osh Oblast in the Kyrgyz Republic, 2000-2013.

Alveolar and cystic echinococcosis are highly endemic in the Kyrgyz Republic. This report documents the numbers of recorded cases of these two diseases that have been reported in the past 14 years. The number of cases of echinococcosis has increased from approximately 550 to 1044 cases in 2013. This is an increase in incidence from 11.3 to 18.3 cases per 100,000 annually. In 2000 no cases of alveolar echinococcosis (AE) were reported in the Kyrgyz Republic. During this period the disease has emerged, with 148 cases reported in 2013 (2.6 cases per 100,000). Osh Oblast is a highly endemic focus for AE, with 60 cases reported in 2013 (6.0 per 100,000). The Alay Valley in the south of Osh Oblast reported the majority of AE cases for this region. In this valley, in 2013, 42 cases of AE were reported, which is a local incidence of 58 per 100,000.

[Natural and synanthropic foci of Echinococcus alveolaris infection (alveococcosis) in the northern areas of Kyrgyzstan].

The Republic of Kyrgyzstan, its northern area in particular, is referred to as one of the Echinococcus alveolaris infection endemic areas where the highest morbidity is registered. The synanthropic foci of Echinococcus alveolaris infection were first found in the At-Bashin District, Naryn Region. Twenty-three tracts in the Kara-Kuzhur ravine and 9 settlements in the Kochkor valley directly adjacent to the ravine were surveyed. Fifteen settlements and 4 tracts in the At-Bashin District, Narynsk Region, were also studied. The zoological studies revealed the natural foci of alveococcosis in the mid-mountainous areas of the Kara-Kuzhur ravine and the Kochkor valley just adjoining to the ravine. Hepatic alveococcal cysts were detected in the house mice caught in the settlements of the At-Bashin District, Naryn Region, which may suggest that in the areas of these settlements there may be synanthropic alveococcus areas where sheep flock and house (watch) dogs may be a final host. The retrospective analysis of morbidity indicated that among echinococcosis patients the proportion of those with alveococcosis increased from year to year (from 0.6% in 2002 to 15.6 within the first 6 months of 2006). A total of 1373 patients (females (57.2%) and males (42.8%)) were operated on at Bishkek surgical hospitals in the period of 2002 to the first half of 2006. Surgical treatment involved a palliative operation in most (55.2%) cases.