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1.
Ann Ig ; 24(1): 81-4, 2012.
Article in Italian | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-22670340

ABSTRACT

The present study examines the most common home remedies in the Piedmont region of northwest Italy currently used in the treatment of pediatric enterobiasis, commonly known as pinworm infection. The remedies in question, typically based on popular beliefs and as such are nearly useless, were noted through interviews with subjects who had come to the local Hygiene and Public Health Services offices for information about pinworm prevention and treatment. Analysis of replies by the subjects clearly indicates that local families are ill-prepared to recognize the symptoms this parasitic infection; often it is confused with pediatric ketosis, therefore leading to inappropriate treatment which at times may be potentially harmful to the patient.


Subject(s)
Antinematodal Agents/therapeutic use , Artemisia absinthium , Enterobiasis/drug therapy , Garlic , Medicine, Traditional , Phytotherapy , Santonin/therapeutic use , Animals , Child , Child, Preschool , Culture , Enterobius/drug effects , Female , Humans , Italy , Male , Mebendazole/therapeutic use , Medicine, Traditional/methods , Phytotherapy/methods , Retrospective Studies , Surveys and Questionnaires
2.
Braz J Med Biol Res ; 35(7): 789-98, 2002 Jul.
Article in English | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-12131918

ABSTRACT

Fungal infection is one of the most important causes of morbidity and mortality in bone marrow transplant (BMT) recipients. The growing incidence of these infections is related to several factors including prolonged granulocytopenia, use of broad-spectrum antibiotics, conditioning regimens, and use of immunosuppression to avoid graft-versus-host disease (GvHD). In the present series, we report five cases of invasive mold infections documented among 64 BMT recipients undergoing fluconazole antifungal prophylaxis: 1) A strain of Scedosporium prolificans was isolated from a skin lesion that developed on day +72 after BMT in a chronic myeloid leukemic patient. 2) Invasive pulmonary aspergillosis (Aspergillus fumigatus) was diagnosed on day +29 in a patient with a long period of hospitalization before being transplanted for severe aplastic anemia. 3) A tumoral lung lesion due to Rhizopus arrhizus (zygomycosis) was observed in a transplanted patient who presented severe chronic GvHD. 4) A tumoral lesion due to Aspergillus spp involving the 7th, 8th and 9th right ribs and local soft tissue was diagnosed in a BMT patient on day +110. 5) A patient with a history of Ph1-positive acute lymphocytic leukemia exhibited a cerebral lesion on day +477 after receiving a BMT during an episode of severe chronic GvHD. At that time, blood and spinal fluid cultures yielded Fusarium sp. Opportunistic infections due to fungi other than Candida spp are becoming a major problem among BMT patients receiving systemic antifungal prophylaxis with fluconazole.


Subject(s)
Antifungal Agents/therapeutic use , Aspergillosis/etiology , Bone Marrow Transplantation/adverse effects , Candidiasis/prevention & control , Fluconazole/therapeutic use , Opportunistic Infections/etiology , Adolescent , Adult , Bone Marrow Transplantation/immunology , Female , Humans , Immunocompromised Host , Male
3.
Braz. j. med. biol. res ; 35(7): 789-798, July 2002. ilus, tab
Article in English | LILACS | ID: lil-316731

ABSTRACT

Fungal infection is one of the most important causes of morbidity and mortality in bone marrow transplant (BMT) recipients. The growing incidence of these infections is related to several factors including prolonged granulocytopenia, use of broad-spectrum antibiotics, conditioning regimens, and use of immunosuppression to avoid graft-versus-host disease (GvHD). In the present series, we report five cases of invasive mold infections documented among 64 BMT recipients undergoing fluconazole antifungal prophylaxis: 1) A strain of Scedosporium prolificans was isolated from a skin lesion that developed on day +72 after BMT in a chronic myeloid leukemic patient. 2) Invasive pulmonary aspergillosis (Aspergillus fumigatus) was diagnosed on day +29 in a patient with a long period of hospitalization before being transplanted for severe aplastic anemia. 3) A tumoral lung lesion due to Rhizopus arrhizus (zygomycosis) was observed in a transplanted patient who presented severe chronic GvHD. 4) A tumoral lesion due to Aspergillus spp involving the 7th, 8th and 9th right ribs and local soft tissue was diagnosed in a BMT patient on day +110. 5) A patient with a history of Ph1-positive acute lymphocytic leukemia exhibited a cerebral lesion on day +477 after receiving a BMT during an episode of severe chronic GvHD. At that time, blood and spinal fluid cultures yielded Fusarium sp. Opportunistic infections due to fungi other than Candida spp are becoming a major problem among BMT patients receiving systemic antifungal prophylaxis with fluconazole


Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Female , Adolescent , Adult , Antifungal Agents , Aspergillosis , Bone Marrow Transplantation , Candidiasis , Fluconazole , Opportunistic Infections , Immunocompromised Host
4.
J Biol Regul Homeost Agents ; 15(3): 235-7, 2001.
Article in English | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-11693430

ABSTRACT

To investigate percutaneous exposures to HIV in the highly active antiretroviral therapy (HAART) era, we performed an analysis of all percutaneous exposures reported from January 1994 to December 1998 in 18 Italian acute-care hospitals. Frequency and rate per 100 prevalent AIDS cases of HIV exposures decreased by 40% (from 4.3% to 2.6%, and from 1.0% to 0.6%, respectively; p<0.001), which were mainly those related to the insertion/manipulation of peripheral vascular access devices (from 7.2% to 4.8%; p=0.05). We conclude that the benefits of HAART have changed the complexity of care required and therefore, the number and type of procedures performed on HIV patients that place the HCW at risk of injury.


Subject(s)
Antiretroviral Therapy, Highly Active , HIV Infections/prevention & control , Health Personnel , Occupational Exposure , HIV Infections/transmission , Humans
5.
J Biol Regul Homeost Agents ; 15(3): 238-42, 2001.
Article in English | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-11693431

ABSTRACT

OBJECTIVE: To evaluate short-term toxicity from and discontinuation of antiretroviral combination prophylaxis in HIV-exposed individuals in Italy. DESIGN: Longitudinal, open study conducted by prospective collection of data in the National Registry of PEP. SETTING: All the Italian centres dedicated to HIV related care and licensed by the Ministry of Health to dispense antiretroviral drugs. STUDY POPULATION: Health care workers and other persons consenting to be treated with post exposure prophylaxis (PEP) after exposures to HIV. RESULTS: Until October, 2000, 207 individuals receiving two nucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitors (NRTIs), and 354 receiving two NRTIs plus a protease inhibitor (PI) were enrolled. More individuals experienced side-effects in the 3-drug group (53% and 62%, respectively; OR 0.68, (95% CI 0.48-0.98), p < 0.03). However, the proportion of individuals discontinuing prophylaxis because of side-effects did not differ significantly between the 2 groups (21% and 25% respectively; OR 0.82 (95% CI 0.53-1.26); p=0.4). The 43 individuals in the 2 NRTI group discontinued PEP after a mean of 10.4 days of treatment (median 8, range 1-27), similarly to the 88 discontinuations observed in the 3-drug group (mean duration 10.5 days, median 7.5, range 1-26). Type and incidence of specific adverse effects were similar to those reported in the literature. CONCLUSION: Our study indicates that the difference in the proportion of individuals developing side effects and discontinuing PEP is not significant. The rate of discontinuation because of protease inhibitor side-effects does not justify per se the initial use of a less potent PEP regimen. We suggest initiating PEP with a three-drug regimen and discontinuing the protease inhibitor in the case of adverse effects.


Subject(s)
Anti-HIV Agents/adverse effects , HIV Infections/prevention & control , Health Personnel , Occupational Exposure , Humans
6.
Arthroscopy ; 15(2): 192-6, 1999 Mar.
Article in English | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-10210078

ABSTRACT

Patients with displaced bucket-handle (DBH) meniscal tears in anterior cruciate ligament (ACL)-deficient knees are prone to flexion contracture following meniscal repair and simultaneous ACL reconstruction. It has been suggested that ACL reconstruction be delayed until full range of motion has returned after the meniscal repair. A retrospective analysis was performed comparing the return of extension in patients undergoing simultaneous ACL reconstruction and repair of DBH tears (group A) versus a control group of patients with non-DBH tears (group B). Age, sex, body mass index, duration of time from injury to surgery, and preoperative extension were also compared between groups and evaluated for their significance as risk factors. Patients in group A achieved recovery to -5 degrees and 0 degrees of extension 22% and 35% more slowly, respectively, when compared with group B. These differences were not statistically significant. Female patients tended to heal more rapidly in both groups. We conclude that a one-stage procedure is sufficient in allowing patients with DBH tears in ACL-deficient knees to regain a functional knee to within 5 degrees of full extension.


Subject(s)
Anterior Cruciate Ligament Injuries , Knee Injuries/physiopathology , Knee Joint/physiopathology , Menisci, Tibial/surgery , Range of Motion, Articular , Adolescent , Adult , Anterior Cruciate Ligament/surgery , Female , Humans , Knee Injuries/surgery , Male , Middle Aged , Postoperative Period , Retrospective Studies , Rupture , Treatment Outcome
7.
Minerva Med ; 79(3): 235-40, 1988 Mar.
Article in Italian | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-3362402

ABSTRACT

After a brief review of the literature on the treatment of brucellosis the results obtained with a new protocol (Rifampicin + Minocycline for 20 days) are reported. The combination was well-tolerated and undeniably effective producing a 94% cure rate.


Subject(s)
Brucellosis/drug therapy , Minocycline/administration & dosage , Rifampin/administration & dosage , Tetracyclines/administration & dosage , Adolescent , Adult , Aged , Child , Drug Therapy, Combination , Female , Follow-Up Studies , Humans , Male , Middle Aged , Time Factors
8.
Minerva Med ; 78(19): 1443-7, 1987 Oct 15.
Article in Italian | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-3670688

ABSTRACT

295 cases of acute and subacute cases of brucellosis were treated with minocycline. It is concluded that because of its in vitro activity, its penetrability in macrophages and granulomas and its tolerance, minocycline is the antibiotic of choice for brucellosis.


Subject(s)
Brucellosis/drug therapy , Minocycline/therapeutic use , Tetracyclines/therapeutic use , Adolescent , Adult , Aged , Child , Child, Preschool , Doxycycline/therapeutic use , Female , Humans , Infant , Male , Middle Aged , Minocycline/adverse effects , Recurrence
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